OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Guilingji Capsule (GC) on the fertility, liver functions, and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of adult male SD rats exposed by 900 MHz cell phone.

METHODSTotally 18 adult male SD rats and 36 adult female rats in child-bearing period were selected and randomly divided into three groups according to weight equilibrium principle, i.e., the normal group, the radiated group, and the GC group, 6 males and 12 females in each group. Male rats in the normal group and all female rats were not radiated. Male rats in the radiated group and the GC group received radiation for 4 h per day, lasting for 18 successive days. Rats in the GC group received GC suspension at the daily dose of 0. 15 g/kg by gastrogavage at the same time. Equal volume of normal saline was administrated to other male rats. Then male rats were mated with corresponding female rats from the 14th radiation night to the 18th radiation night in the ratio of 1:2. Male rats were killed following on the next morning of ending the radiation. Female rats were normally fed and then killed before delivery. The pregnant outcomes of female rats in responding groups (the rates of pregnancy and the number of death fetus, birth weight, body length, and tail length) were observed and compared. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), AST/ALT, and LDH levels of the male rats were detected by colorimetry. Histological and morphological changes of liver were observed by HE staining.

RESULTSCompared with the normal group, the pregnancy rates of female rats decreased and the number of death fetus increased, the serum LDH level obviously increased in the radiated group (P < 0.05). Serum levels of ALT, AST, and AST/ALT were no significantly changed in the radiated group. The hepatocyte nuclear atrophy and cytoplasm vacuolar degeneration appeared. Compared with the radiated group, the pregnancy rates increased, the number of death fetus dropped, and the serum level of LDH decreased in the GC group (P < 0.05). There was no obvious change in serum levels of ALT, AST, or AST/ALT. The hepatocyte nuclear atrophy and cytoplasm vacuolar degeneration were significantly attenuated. The histomorphological structures recovered to normal basically in the GC group.

CONCLUSIONSThe pregnancy rates could be decreased, the number of death fetus increased, histomorphological structures abnormal, and serum LDH level increased by exposure toy GSM 900 MHz cell phone. GC could prevent and treat the aforesaid lesion. But there was no statistical difference in serum ALT or AST levels.

Animals ; Cell Phone ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Fertility ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; blood ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Radiation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adult ; Eccrine Glands ; pathology ; Female ; Hamartoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Sweat Gland Diseases ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the cause and pathogenesis of migraine based on TCM theory and modern researches to seek for new thinking and effective drugs in treating migraine.

METHODSNinety patients with migraine were divided into three groups, the treated group treated with Shutianing Granule (STNG) 9 g, three times a day, the control A group treated with composite Yangjiao capsule, 5 capsules each time, three times a day and the control B group treated with flunarizine hydrochloride capsule, 5 mg, once a day. The treatment lasted for 28 days to observe the degree, lasting time and frequency of pain attack, and the headache index was calculated. Transcranial Doppler examination, serum beta evoked potential (beta-EP) and neuropeptide (NPY) determination were also performed before and after treatment. In the experimental study, effect of treatment of cerebral NPY and beta-EP were tested in SD rats with chronic pain in the treated or the control groups.

RESULTSIn the treated group, the markedly effective rate was 56.67% and the total effective rate was 90.00%, significant difference was shown in comparison with those in the control B group (P < 0.05), but with no difference in comparison with those in the control A group. Cerebral beta-EP level was raised and plasma NPY level was lowered in all the three treated groups. Compared with the normal saline group, there was significant difference (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSTNG could improve the cerebrovascular function effectively, raise plasma beta-EP level, lower plasma NPY level and alleviate vascular tension in patients with migraine.

Adult ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Migraine Disorders ; drug therapy ; Neuropeptide Y ; blood ; Phytotherapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; beta-Endorphin ; blood

OBJECTIVE: To seek a exact method of estimating postmortem interval (PMI). METHODS: This study detected the concentration of magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) in vitreous humor of rabbit at 96 h after death and explored the relationship between their concentration and PMI using a method ICP-MS. RESULTS: The concentra-tion of Mg in vitreous humor of rabbit at 48 h after death and Fe in vitreous humor of rabbit at 6-48 h after death were related to PMI significantly. The formulae of the relationship between PMI and Mg concentrations is y = 0.0738x2 + 0.6997x + 11.45 (within 48 h, R2 = 0.9119). The formulae of the relationship between PMI and Fe concentrations is y = 0.0411x2 - 0.3148x + 1.4113 (within 6-48 h, R2 = 0.9594). CONCLUSION The concentration of Mg in vitreous humor of rabbit at 48 h after death and Fe in vitreous humor of rabbit at 6-48 h after death may be as reference indicator to estimate PMI.
Animals ; Iron/analysis* ; Magnesium/analysis* ; Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Postmortem Changes ; Rabbits ; Time Factors ; Vitreous Body/chemistry*

OBJECTIVE: To seek a precise method for estimating postmortem interval (PMI) in forensic medicine practice. METHODS: This study detected the concentration of 21 elements in the vitreous humor of rabbit within 96 hours after death and explored the relationship between their concentration and PMI using the method of ICP-MS. RESULT: It was shown that the concentration of 9 elements in vitreous humor of rabbit within different intervals after death were correlated to PMI available as a reference indicator to estimate PMI. CONCLUSION The changes in the concentration of certain elements in vitreous humor of vitreous humor are correlated with PMI and determination of such changes can be used to estimate the time of death.
Animals ; Calcium/analysis* ; Forensic Medicine ; Iron/analysis* ; Magnesium/analysis* ; Postmortem Changes ; Potassium/analysis* ; Rabbits ; Time Factors ; Vitreous Body/chemistry*

OBJECTIVE: To observe ultrastructure changes of electrical injury in rats. METHODS: An experimental model of rats suffered from the low voltage were designed. Ultrastructure changes of electrical injured tissues were observed under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: (1) Plasma of epithelium was concreted in the affected areas and inner membrane system was broken. (2) Hypercontraction bands were observed in skeleton muscles. (3) There was dissolved necrosis and hypercontraction bands in the myocardium. (4) Vacuoles were found in plasma of endothelium of blood vessels on electrical current path, and myelin sheath of nerve fiber were loosed. CONCLUSION The above mentioned ultrastructure changes could be used as assistant diagnostic index of electrocution. The mechanism of the changes were discussed.
Animals ; Electric Injuries/pathology* ; Muscle, Skeletal/ultrastructure* ; Nerve Fibers/ultrastructure* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficiency of navigation system for orbital wall reconstruction in unilateral orbital fractures.

METHODSFifteen patients (7 male and 8 female) with unilateral orbital fracture underwent orbital reconstruction with the help of intraoperative navigation system. The average age was 34.3 ± 9.5 years. All patients underwent spiral CT scanning preoperatively, and the CT data was imported to the BrainLab navigation system (Germany, BrainLab company). The orbit of the intact side was mirrored to the opposite side as the reference for pre-operative planning. The titanium mesh was mounted on the resin template made by rapid prototyping machine based on the mirrored CT data. When the injury was limited, the hydroxyapatite sheet was used for the orbital wall reconstruction. During the operation, the real-time navigation helped to ensure precise placement. The re-establishing result was assessed based on the postoperative CT data with the following four variables: the volumetric difference between the bilateral orbit, the volume of the herniated soft tissue, the global projection and the discrepancy between the simulated and the achieved position of the reconstructed orbital wall. The reconstructive discrepancy was measured only in the titanium plate grafting cases.

RESULTSThere were no serious complications such as infection, graft rejection and optic nerve injury in any case. Preoperatively, the average degree of enophthalmos was (3.5 ± 1.6) mm, the average volumetric difference between the injured and the unaffected orbit was (4.5 ± 1.8) ml, and the average volume of the herniated orbital soft tissue was (2.1 ± 0.7) ml. Postoperatively, the three values were respectively reduced to (1.3 ± 0.6) mm, (1.8 ± 0.9) ml and (0.7 ± 0.3) ml. The discrepancy of the medial and inferior wall were (2.5 ± 0.6) mm and (2.1 ± 0.4) mm.

CONCLUSIONSThe intraoperative use of navigation system for the orbital wall reconstruction in unilateral orbital fractures can provide reliable accuracy and achieve satisfactory results.

Adult ; Computer Simulation ; Enophthalmos ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Orbit ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Orbital Fractures ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; Surgical Mesh ; Titanium ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of melatonin (MLT) in in vitro apoptosis of hepatocarcinoma cells and its mechanism.

METHODSThe apoptotic cells, bcl-2 and bax were detected through immunocytochemical method (ICC) and Tolt-mediated x-duTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Computer image analysis system was used to quantify the expression of bcl-2 and bax by detecting the absorbance value of positive products. Apoptosis index (AI) was used to quantify the number of apoptotic cells.

RESULTSIn vitro, AI increase was both concentration- and time-dependent through TUNEL. During the same duration, AI of medium dose group was higher than that of low dose and control group (P < 0.05); AI of high dose, medium dose and 5-Fu group were higher than those of low dose and control group (P < 0.01), however, there was no significant difference between the low dose and control group (P > 0.05). At the same dose, in high dose, medium dose and 5-Fu group, the change of AI showed significant difference from 24 to 36 hours (P < 0.05). The expression of bcl-2 was down-regulated as the MLT increased, and there was significant difference between the low dose and control group (P < 0.01). But, the expression of bax was up-regulated as the dose of MLT increased, showing significant difference between the high dose and control groups (P < 0.01). As time went on, the expression of bcl-2 was decreased and in every group, with the change in absorbance value of bcl-2 significantly different from 24 to 36 hours (P < 0.05), whereas that of bax remained almost unchanged. The ratio of bax/bcl-2 was increased with the increase in the concentration of MLT.

CONCLUSIONMelatonin may induce apoptosis in the hepatocarcinoma cells which is concentration- and time-dependent, in which bcl-2 and bax are involved.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Melatonin ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; analysis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; Time Factors ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein

OBJECTIVETo study the predictors of level V metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

METHODSThe clinic data of 122 patients with PTC who underwent therapeutic lateral neck dissection between March 2004 and November 2010 was analyzed retrospectively. There were 31 male and 91 female patients. The median age at diagnosis was 38.5 years (ranging from 8 to 87 years). All the patients had undergone unilateral or bilateral lymph node dissection (II-VI or I-VI). Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed using χ(2) test and binary Logistic regression test, respectively.

RESULTThe level V metastases was significantly associated with capsular invasion, extrathyroidal extension, preoperative distant metastasis, the size of primary, ipsilateral level IV lymph node metastasis and simultaneous metastases to ipsilateral level II, III and IV (χ(2) = 4.223 - 13.748, P < 0.05). Age, sex, tumor-multifocal, pTNM, central lymph node metastases ipsilateral level II lymph node metastases and ipsilateral level III lymph node metastases were not found to be associated with level V metastases (χ(2) = 0.882 - 3.167, P > 0.05). In multivariate analysis, extrathyroidal extension (OR = 8.32, 95%CI: 2.44 - 28.3, P = 0.001) and simultaneous metastases to ipsilateral level II, III and IV (OR = 7.81, 95%CI: 2.11 - 28.8, P = 0.002) were independent predictors of level V metastasis.

CONCLUSIONSExtrathyroidal extension, simultaneous metastases to ipsilateral level II, III and IV are risk factors for level V lymph nodes metastases in PTC. Dissection of level V lymph nodes should be considered for PTC patients with extrathyroidal extension and simultaneous metastases to ipsilateral level II, III and IV.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Wuzhuyu Tang is a classical formula for treating migraine, but its' pharmacological ingredients is unclear yet. Present study employed the everted intestinal sac model to collect the absorption samples of 10 kinds of Wuzhuyu decoction, and then analyzed the contents of 9 ingredients in Wuzhuyu Tang and absorption samples quantitatively or semi-quantitatively by HPLC-DAD method. Reserpine was used to establish the mice model of migraine, and then the contents and activities of 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenaline, dopamine, nitric oxide and nitricoxide synthase in brain tissues and serums were determined respectively after oral administration of Wuzhuyu Tang. Using the partial least squares regression method to correlate the total absorption quantity of 9 ingredients and pharmacodynamics. The result shows that limocitrin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside, ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1, rutaevine, limonin, evodiamine and rutaecarpine are the main ingredients influenced the effects in absorption samples in everted intestinal sacs, especially ginsenoside Rg1, rutaevine, evodiamine and rutaecarpine among them have obvious improving effects to most pharmacodynamics index, might be the pharmacological ingredients influenced the therapeutical effects of Wuzhuyu Tang treating migraine.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Intestines ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Migraine Disorders ; drug therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar