Objective To determine the incidence and risk factors of iatrogenic retinal breaks in eyes undergoing pars plana vit- rectomy for idiopathic macular pucker.Design Retrospective case series.Participant 88 consecutive vitrectomies performed on eyes with idiopathic macular pucker.Method Consecutive vitrectomies performed on eyes with idiopathic macular pucker at Beijing Tongren Eye Center between 2002 and 2006 were retrospectively reviewed.Cases with iatrogenic retinal breaks were recorded and analyzed. Main Outcome Measure Number and location of retinal breaks,and anatomic outcome after surgical managements.Result A total of 88 consecutive vitrectomies were included in the study.Of the 88 eyes,8 eyes had 14 iatrogenic retinal breaks detected,with an aver- age incidence of 9.1%.Peripheral retinal breaks(8.0%)were more common than posterior retinal breaks(1.1%).All peripheral retinal breaks occurred around the selerotomy sites(100%)and the quadrant of predominant hand was involved most commonly(62%).Most of the breaks(88%)were detected during the surgery.All eyes with iatrogenic retinal breaks obtained anatomic retinal reattachment (100%).Conclusion Despite improvements in instrumentation and surgical techniques,iatrogenic retinal break continues to be an im- portant complication of pars plana vitrectomy in eyes with idiopathic macular pucker.This complication tends to occur more commonly at peripheral retina and is mainly selerotomy-related.

Adult ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles ; pathology ; Male ; Neurocytoma ; pathology

Adult ; Brain ; pathology ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Ganglioglioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial ; pathology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of botulinum toxin type A on the expression of substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) and alpha smooth muscle actin A (alpha-SMA) in wound healing.

METHODS60 rats were randomly divided into group C (control) group L (low-dose) and group H (high-dose), with 20 rats in each group. The wound-healing model was established by excision of four full-thickness skin (1 cm x 1 cm, around the injection site) on the back of all SD rats on the 7th day after BTA injection. The wound size was measured and the expression of SP, CGRP, TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA in wound granulation tissue was assayed by immunohistochemical staining and computerized image analysis before operation, and 3 days, 7 days and 14 days after operation.

RESULTSAll the wounds healed 14 days after operation. The wound size in L and H group was not significantly different with that in C group on the 3rd day and 7th day after operation. The positive immuno-staining of SP, CGRP, TGF-beta1 and alpha-SMA in group L and H was significantly weaker than those in C group. Meanwhile, the positive immuno-staining of all above substances in H group was weaker than those in L group significantly.

CONCLUSIONSBotulinum toxin type A can decrease the expression of SP, CGRP, TGF-beta1, and alpha-SMA in wound healing in a dose-dependent manner with no effect on the healing time.

Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A ; pharmacology ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Substance P ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism ; Wound Healing ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of curcumin (Cur) on radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell CNE-2 and its mechanism.

METHODThe effect of curcumin on radiosensitivity was determined by the clone formation assay. The cell survival curve was fitted by Graph prism 6. 0. The changes in cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). The differential expression of long non-coding RNA was detected by gene chip technology. Part of differentially expressed genes was verified by Real-time PCR.

RESULTAfter 10 micro mol L-1 Cur had worked for 24 h, its sensitization enhancement ratio was 1. 03, indicating that low concentration of curcumin could increase the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells; FCM displayed a significant increase of G2 phase cells and significant decrease of S phase cells in the Cur combined radiation group. In the Cur group, the GUCY2GP, H2BFXP, LINC00623 IncRNA were significantly up-regulated and ZRANB2-AS2 LOC100506835, FLJ36000 IncRNA were significantly down-regulated.

CONCLUSIONCur has radiosensitizing effect on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cells. Its mechanism may be related to the changes in the cell cycle distribution and the expression of long non-coding IncRNA.

Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Humans ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; genetics ; Radiation Tolerance ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of HBV reactivation and its clinical characteristics in the non-active HBsAg carriers receiving chemotherapy or immunosuppressant treatment, and to evaluate the role of nucleos(t)ide analogues against HBV reactivation.

METHODSNon-active HBsAg carriers suffering from cancer, autoimmune diseases recieving immunosuppression therapy or cytotoxic chemotherapy were enrolled in the study. The in-patients from June 2002 to April 2007 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were assigned in the control group. The outpatients or in-patients with the similar disease condition from April 2007 to July 2008 were enrolled in the preventive group. The characteristics of HBV replication, liver damage, clinical symptoms and effectiveness of nucleos(t)ide analogues as prophylaxis for HBV reactivation were observed. The nucleos(t)ide analogues were used before chemotheraphy or immunosuppressive agents. The characheristics and clinical manifestations about HBV reactivation were investigated.

RESULTSOf the 32 patients in preventive group, the amount of HBV DNA was detected in the 1rst, 3rd, 6th and 12th month after nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment. After chemotherapy or immunosuppressant treatment, only 9.4% (3/32) of them suffered from HBV reactivation, as indicated by positive HBV DNA in the serum and abnormal liver function. Ot the 77 patients in control group without nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment before chemotherapy or immunosuppression therapy, 58.4% (45/77) shown HBV reactivation, 4 patients in the control group died of liver failure, and one liver failure patient recieved liver transplantation.

CONCLUSIONHBV can be activated in immunosuppressed patients, nucleos(t)ide analogues should be used in early phase to prevent HBV reactivation.

Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Carrier State ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; adverse effects ; Lamivudine ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nucleosides ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Virus Activation ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of botulinum toxin type A (Botox A) injection on hypertrophic scar in rabbit ear model.

METHODSThe hypertrophic scar model was established in 16 Japanese rabbits' ears. These wounds were divided into two groups as group T (treated with Botox A, n = 48) and group S (not treated, n = 48). The wounds healing times and scar hypertrophy were observed with 8 specimen of normal skin at the rabbit ears as sham group B. HE stain was used to assess the hypertrophic index (HI). The expression of collagen I and III was tested by western-blot. The cell cycle of fibroblasts was studied by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe HI was significantly lower in group T than in group S (P < 0.01). The expression of collagen I and III, as well as the ratio of I to III, was markedly stronger in group S than in group T (P < 0.01). Compared with group T, more fibroblasts were in G2-M in group S and fewer in G0-G1 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSLocal injection of Botox A can inhibit the formation of hypertrophic scar and the activity of fibroblasts in rabbit ear model. It can significantly decrease the expression of collagen I and III in hypertrophic scar, as well as the ratio of collagen I to III. It serves as the basis for the treatment of hypertrophic scar with Botox A.

Animals ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Ear ; pathology ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Rabbits ; Wound Healing ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) on the protection of thymic function after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

METHODSMurine model of MHC mismatched allogeneic HSCT (C57BL/6-->BALB/c) was established. The severity of acute graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) was assessed according to a clinical scoring system. The intra-cellular levels of IFN gamma, TNFalpha and IL-1 beta in thymocyte were analyzed by protein array and thymic function by quantification of signal-joint TCR rearrangement excision circles (sjTRECs).

RESULTSAll recipients in group A (allogeneic mice), B (allogeneic LHRH castrated-mice) and C (syngenic mice) achieved hematopoietic reconstitution. White blood cell (WBC) over 1.0 x 10(9)/L in groups A, B and C were on day (11.2 +/- 1.4), day (9.8 +/- 0.6) and day (9.7 +/- 0.7), respectively (P = 0.003, 0.002). The onset of acute GVHD in group B was (14.1 +/- 0.7) d and in group A was (11.4 +/- 1.2) d (P = 0.000). All mice in groups A and B developed acute GVHD. No mice occurred aGVHD in group C. The average scores of acute GVHD in groups A and B were (9.1 +/- 0.7) and (5.1 +/- 1.0), respectively (P = 0.000). The levels of IFN gamma, TNFalpha and IL-1 beta in control group were (2.3 +/- 2.5) ng/ml, (1.7 +/- 1.1) pg/ml and (1.8 +/- 1.2) pg/ml, respectively. The IFN gamma levels in groups A, B and C were (10.5 +/- 2.1) ng/ml, (6.7 +/- 2.1) ng/ml and (5.2 +/- 3.3) ng/ml, TNFalpha levels were (7.0 +/- 2.6) pg/ml, (4.3 +/- 0.8) pg/ml and (3.0 +/- 1.8) pg/ml, and IL-1 beta levels were (24.9 +/- 9.0) pg/ml, (17.4 +/- 3.9) pg/ml and (10.8 +/- 3.1) pg/ml, respectively. There were significant differences in the levels of cytokines between group A and the control group (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.000). The levels of cytokines in group B were significantly higher than those in control group (P = 0.000, 0.003, 0.000). The levels of IFN gamma and IL-beta in group C were significantly higher than those of in control group (P = 0.015, 0.013), and so did in group A than in group B (P = 0.002, 0.002, 0.004), and in group A than in group C (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.000). The analysis of linear regression showed that the average levels of IFN gamma and TNFalpha paralleled with aGVHD scores (r(2) = 0.359, P = 0.045; r(2) = 0.228, P = 0.019). The average sjTRECs copies/1000 PBMNCs were (39.4 +/- 44.7) in the control group and (12.3 +/- 13.0), (58.0 +/- 71.8) and (19.6 +/- 14.6) in groups A, B and C, respectively. There was no significant difference in the multiple comparisons of peripheral blood levels of sjTRECs among these four groups (P = 0.468).

CONCLUSIONIFN gamma, TNFalpha and IL-1 beta might be involved in the damage to the thymus by acute GVHD. Sex steroid inhibitor can not only reduce the severity of thymic damage after allo-HSCT, but also reduce the severity of aGVHD and the mechanism might be associated with the reduction of intra-cellular levels of IFN gamma in thymocyte.

Animals ; Castration ; methods ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; therapeutic use ; Graft vs Host Disease ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Thymus Gland ; immunology ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective To analyze clinical characteristics of patients suffered from nervous system involved severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS).Methods Clinical data of SFTS patients who were admitted to Qingdao Sixth People’s Hospital between January 2016 and December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Accor-ding to whether there was nervous system involvement,they were divided into two groups,clinical data of two groups of patients were compared and analyzed;SFTS patients with nervous system involvement were subdivided in-to death group and survival group according to the final outcome,clinical data of two groups were compared and ana-lyzed.Results The median date of occurrence of neurological symptoms in SFTS patients was at day 6 of disease process. There were statistical differences in age,skin ecchymosis/severe bleeding tendency,C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,Ca2+on admission,CD4+cell count,myocardial enzymes (LDH,CK,CKMB,HBDH),pulmonary inflammation,liver func-tion (ALT,Alb,AST),and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)between nervous system involvement group and non-nervous system involvement group(all P＜0.05).Among patients with nervous system involvement,there were statistical differences in skin ecchymosis,the lowest value of PLT,positive rate of SFTSV-IgM antibody,CD3+cell count, CD4+cell count,LDH,Alb,and APTT between death group and survival group (all P＜0.05).Conclusion Most SFTS patients with nervous system involvement are elderly patients with seriously damaged coagulation function, liver function,myocardial enzymes and immune system,proportion of pulmonary infection is high.Among SFTS patients with nervous system involvement,impairment of coagulation function,immune function,liver function, and myocardial enzymes in deceased patients are more serious than those in survivors.