Humans ; Mandible ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

Objective To test the reliability and validity of the self-assessed questionnaire of the elderly health care needs.Methods Based on the Zuluaga-Raysmith model, the initial questionnaire was formulated by literature reviewing and interviews.Through Delphi experts consultation, a questionnaire containing 12 factors, 61 items was constructed.A total of 750 elderly residents were investigated to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.Results The effective rate of questionnaires was 88.67％ (665/750).The total Cronbach α was 0.871.The test-retest reliability of all the items were all greater than 0.75.The item-level content validity index were all greater than 0.80.The scale-level content validity index was 0.95.14 factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, explaining 66.653％ of the total variance.Conclusions The elderly health care needs self-assessed questionnaire is comprehensive with good stability, which can be used in a multi-center, large sample research.The research may help to get a deep understanding of health care needs of the elderly as well as influencing factors.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Leukemia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vault Ribonucleoprotein Particles ; genetics

ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between clinical characteristic pathology and prognosis in infant with intra-abdominal solid tumor.MethodsFifty-two infants(less than 1 year old) with abdominal solid tumor from Apr.1998 to Feb.2007 in Shanghai Children's Medical Center and from Jan.2001 to Feb.2007 in Shanghai Xinhua Hospital were reviewed.The history of these children were reviewed.Features and clinical pathology of these children with their prognosis were analyzed and followed up by telephones and children return visit records from 5 months to 8 years.ResultsLess than 1 month,7 cases;1 month to 1 year old,45 cases.Teratoma 23 cases(44.23%),neuroblastoma 9 cases(17.31%),nephroblastoma 6 cases(11.54%),hepatoblastoma 5 cases(9.62%),epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver 3 cases(5.77%),congenital mesoblastic nephroma 3 cases(5.77%),fusiform cell epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of pancreas 1 case(1.92%),hamartoma of the liver 1 case(1.92%),retroperitoneal small cell malignant tumor 1 case(1.92%).Benign:malignant=1:1.Among the benign tumor,male:female=1:1.Among the malignant tumor,male:female=2.33:1.0.All children were treated with tumor resection,and combined with chemotherapy for those whose tumors were malignant.ConclusionsAmong infant abdominal solid tumors,teratoma and neuroblastoma are much more than other tumors.The cases of benign tumors are almost as much as the malignant tumors.The benign tumors did not have sex differences,and had good prognosis after surgical resection.However,in malignant tumors,the incidence rate of male is obviously higher than female.Completely resection of those malignant tumors with chemotherapy would get little incidence of recrudescence and low case fatality rate.Early diagnosis and early treatment play an important role in prognosis.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of the combined therapy of cyclophosphamide and thalidomide in the treatment of refractory Crohn's disease (CD).Methods This study was a prospective and open study.A total of 15 patients with refractory CD were enrolled.All patients received intravenous cyclophosphamide 200 mg every other day for two weeks,then followed by intravenous 400 mg once a week until the cumulative dose reached 6 to 8 g.when the cyclophosphamide treatment started,at the same time thalidomide was taken 25 to 75 mg every night according to the tolerance of patients.Before the treatment,two weeks' after the treatment and at the time when the cumulative dose of cyclophosphamide reached 6 to 8 g,Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI),hemoglobin (Hb),white blood cell (WBC) count,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were recorded.Endoscopy examination was conducted before the treatment and at the time when the cumulative dose of cyclophosphamide reached 6 to 8 g.The condition of mucosa healing was observed and scored by simple endoscopic score for crohn's disease (SES-CD).Adverse effects of all patients were monitored.Paired t test was performed for statistical analysis.Results Before the treatment,the CDAI of 15 patients with refractory CD was 235.87±59.87,two weeks after the treatment the CDAI declined to 135.33 ± 29.23,and the difference was statistically significant (t=7.50,P＜0.01).Before the treatment,ESR and hs-CRP was (42.13±22.80) mm/1 h and (13.73± 2.18) mg/L.Two weeks after treatment they declined to (23.80±16.63) mm/1 h and (5.77±4.77) mg/L,and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.43 and 6.17,both P＜0.05).After two-week treatment,10 patients achieved clinical remission.After the cumulative dose of cyclophosphamide reached 6 to 8 g combined therapy,CDAI of patients was 108.14 ± 47.10,which decreased significantly compared with that before treatment (t=6.30,P＜0.01).ESR,hs-CRP and WBC count was (19.35± 19.18) mm/1 h,(6.16± 5.02) mg/L and (6.28 ± 3.42) × 109/L,respectively,which decreased compared with those before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant (t=5.90,5.40 and 3.71,all P＜0.01).Twelve patients achieved clinical remission.And the lesions of 12 patients improved under endoscope,furthermore,the mucosa of four patients healed.Before the treatment,SES-CD was 9.14 ± 5.39,which declined to 5.07 ± 4.58 after the treatment,and the difference was statistically significant (t =3.14,P ＜ 0.01).During the treatment,five patients had adverse effects.Alanine aminotransferases (ALT) increased in three patients,WBC count decreased in one patient and one patient got a severe urinary infection.Conclusions Patients with refractory CD could achieve clinical remission,mucosa healing under endoscopy and better efficacy with the combined therapy of cyclophosphamide and thalidomide.However,adverse effects should be monitored during the treatment.

Twelve cases of Bartter's syndrome were reported and reviewed retrospectively.Usually vomiting was the first sympton in children,while fatigue was common in adults.Bartter's syndrome was characteristic of hypokalemia,metabolic alkalosis,elevations of plasma renin activity,serum angiotersinⅡand aldosterone and juxtaglomerular apperatus hyperplasia.Supplementation of potassium choloride was the main manner of therapy.

To explore the new method of discriminating Cistanche deserticola, Cynomorium songaricum and Orobanche pycnostachya by using PCR amplification of specific alleles. 30 samples of the different C. deserticola, 21 samples of C. songaricum and O. pycnostachya were collected. The total DNA of the samples were extracted, the ITS sequences from C. deserticola, C. songaricum and O. pycnostachya were amplified by PCR and sequenced unidirectionally. These sequences were aligned by using ClustulW. Specific primer was designed according to the ITS sequences of specific alleles, and PCR reaction system was optimized. Additionally, compare with the identification of specific PCR method and DNA sequence analysis method. The result showed that the 331 bp identification band for C. deserticola and the adulterants not amplified bands by a single PCR reaction, which showed good identification ability to the three species. PCR amplification of specific alleles can be used to identify C. deserticola, C. songaricum and O. pycnostachya successfully.
Alleles ; Cistanche ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Primers ; genetics ; DNA, Intergenic ; genetics ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the quality of the alveolar ridge augmented by Ti-Ni shape memory alloy (Ti-Ni SMA) distractor.

METHODSAll of the mandibular premolars and the first molars were extracted from 12 adult mongrel canines. One month later, box-shaped osteotomy was carried out in the left mandibles and Ti-Ni SMA distractors were imbedded. The right sides served as blank control. The canines were killed 3 or 6 months later and specimens were taken from corresponding area of the experiment sides and the control. Bone mineral density and biomechanical function were measured.

RESULTSBone mineral density, ultimate compressive strength and Young's Modules of the augmented ridge were lower than the blank control three months after distraction. But the indexes increased and showed no significant difference with the control six months after distraction.

CONCLUSIONSThe canines mandibular posterior alveolar ridge could be augmented by distraction osteogenesis using Ti-Ni SMA distractor, and the new bone is strong enough for implant placement.

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation ; methods ; Animals ; Bone Density ; Bone Regeneration ; physiology ; Compressive Strength ; Dogs ; Male ; Mandible ; physiology ; Nickel ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Titanium

OBJECTIVETo discuss the effects of titanium nickel shape memory alloy (TiNi-SMA) distractor with different stretching force and different distance between two fixed ends on the height of alveolar ridge augmentation.

METHODSThe mini distractors were all made of TiNi-SMA wire. The maximum stretching force and the distance between two fixed ends according to different distractors (A, B and C) were 20 mm, 700 g; 15 mm, 1000 g; 20 mm, 1000 g. 15 adult mongrel canines were divided into three groups randomly and extracted the mandibular premolars and first molar. One month later, box-shaped osteotomies of the alveolar bone were carried out in the left mandible and the TiNi-SMA distractors were buried. The bone height was measured and the radiographs were taken before and five weeks post operation continuously.

RESULTSOne week post operation, the vertical ridge augmentation of group A, B and C averaged (7.55 +/- 1.02) mm, (4.97 +/- 0.34) mm, (8.54 +/- 0.82) mm and the height remained (7.20 +/- 1.05) mm, (4.93 +/- 0.21) mm, (8.04 +/- 0.78) mm five weeks post operation. There was no statistic difference in the height of alveolar ridge augmentation between Group A and C, but Group B showed significant difference with the other two groups. In each group, the height did not changed significantly with the time. The radiographs showed obvious distraction gap post operation, and the new bone regenerated five weeks later.

CONCLUSIONIt suggests that in the scope of suitable stretching force, the height of alveolar ridge augmentation was determined by the size of TiNi-SMA distractor, that is to say, determined by the distance between the two fixed ends.

Adult ; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation ; Humans ; Mandible ; Nickel ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Osteotomy ; Titanium

Objective To study antimicrobial resistance and genotyping of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus au-reus(MRSA). Methods A total of 967 no-repetitive strains of Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)isolated from a hospital between January 2014 and November 2015 were collected,antimicrobial susceptibility testing,mecA gene,and Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene(PVL gene)were detected;staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec(SCCmec)typing,multilocus sequence typing(MLST),S.aureus protein A(spa)gene typing,and S.aureus ac-cessory gene regulator(agr)typing were performed with multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Results Of 967 strains of S.aureus,210(21.72%)were MRSA;detection rate of MRSA from sputum specimen was higher than that of skin and soft tissue specimen(68.09% vs 1 1.83% ,P<0.05);vancomycin- and linezolid-resistant S.aureus strains were not found,susceptibility rates of MRSA to gentamicin,tetracycline,erythromycin,clindamycin,levo-floxacin,ciprofloxacin,moxifloxacin,nitrofurantoin,and rifampicin were all lower than those of methicillin-sensi-tive Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA),differences were all statistically significant(all P<0.05);antimicrobial sus-ceptibility rate of MRSA to compound sulfamethoxazole was higher than MSSA,difference was significant(P<0.05). Susceptibility rates of MRSA isolated from skin and soft tissue to gentamicin,levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin,moxifloxacin,and rifampicin were 86.90% -95.24%,while MRSA isolated from sputum were only 1.56% -15.63%.Of 967 strains of S.aureus,210 harbored mecA gene,10 harbored PVL gene,8(3.81%)of 210 MRSA strains weren't typed. The main types of MLST,SCCmec,spa,and agr were ST 239(n= 177 strains),type Ⅲ(n= 177 strains),t 030(n= 177 strains),and typeⅠ(n= 196 strains)respectively.Conclusion The main epidemic clone of MRSA strain in this hospital is ST239-MRSA-SCCmec III-t030,antimicrobial resistance is serious,monitoring on drug-resistant strains in hospital should be strengthened.