Objective To investigate the situation and progress in technology of brain computer interfaces (BCI) by using the bibliometric approach.Methods Literature searching was done in China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI) database using keyword brain computer interface.Subsequent results were analyzed by using softwares concerning the periodical distribution,subjects' distribution,foundations,authors,institutes,journal types and key words.Results Overall 425 publications from 160 journals were included.The amount of the relevant articles showed an increasing trend in 2002 to 2012.The research in BCI in China was supported by a large amount of funds.There were a lot of Chinese authors and institutions participating in BCI study,and they were widely distributed across the country.However,only 32.56％ of all authors and 51.85％ of all institutions published more than 1 article.Moreover,research on BCI mainly was focused on the biomedical engineering aspect.Conclusions Research on BCI developed rapidly in the past 12 years in China and will continue to develop in the following decades.In the future studies,the focus should shift to clinical research instead of biomedical engineering,and to make this technology a useful clinical practice is the first priority.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the neuroprotective effect and possible mechanisms of edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one) in neonatal Harlequin (Hq) mutant mice brain after hypoxia-ischemia brain injury(HIBD) insult.MethodsThe nine-day-old male Hq mutant mouse pups were assigned randomly either edaravone (n=16) and vehicle (n=17) treatment group. The Hq mice were subjected to left common carotid artery occlusion combined with inhalation 100 mL/L oxygen for 45 minutes. The mice were injected intraperitoneally either with edaravone (10 mg/kg) or equivalent volume of saline immediately after artery occlusion and after hypoxia. Nitrotyrosine and lipid peroxidation formation were evaluated at 3 h and 24 h after hypoxia-ischemia(HI) by using immunohistochemistry staining. Nitrotyrosine formation and caspases activation were evaluated either by immunoblotting or fluorogenic activity measurement at 24 h after HI. Brain injury was evaluated at 72 h by neuropathological score and calculating the infarct volume.ResultsBrain injury encompassed cortex, hippocampus, striatum and thalamus. Edaravone treatment reduced brain injury significantly in all the brain regions. The total infarct volume was reduced 52.8% in edaravone treatment group compared with vehicle group (P<0.001). The edaravone treatment reduced nitrotyrosine formation as well as lipid peroxidation formation significantly, but without obviously effect on caspases activation.ConclusionEdaravone affords neuroprotection after neonatal HI insult, which correlated with the reduction of free radical formation.

Objective To investigate the clinical feature,image of CT scan pulmonary,diagnosis and treatment response in children with pulmonary cavity,and discuss the method of diagnosis and the tactics of treatment for pulmonary cavity in children.Methods A retrospective study of 6 patients with pulmonary cavity,who were diagnosed and treated from Jul. 2003 to Oct. 2009 in Department of Pediatrics of the First Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University.The clinical manifestations,laboratory tests,image of CT scan pulmonary,microbiological evidence,diagnostic procedure and treatment response were collected and evaluated.Results Six patients all didn′t have history of lung di-sease,there were 4 boys and 2 girls,8-15 years old,average age was 10.5 years old.Two cases of them had unrelated pulmonary underlying diseases,1 case had hyperthyroidism,and the other had juvenile idiopathic arthritis and had complication of macrophage activation syndrome,the other 4 cases had no obvious history.All cases had fever (38-40 ℃),3 cases had cough and 1 case had chest pain.Staphylococcus aureus were cultured in 2 cases,no bacteria was cultured in other 4 cases;the count of white blood cell decreased in 2 cases and increased in 4 cases;C-reactive protein increased in 5 cases and was normal in 1 case;plasma IgE level increased in 2 cases and was normal in other 4 cases;plasma 1,3-beta-D-glucan of all 6 cases were negative.Pulmonary cavities were found in the first CT scan of the lungs in 5 cases and only 1 case of patient′s pulmonary cavities was found in the second CT scan of the lung.Five cases were diagnosed infective causes,1 case was diagnosed noninfectious cause,5 cases of infective causes had been treated with anti-microbial drugs for at least 1 week,1 case of noninfectious cause were treated with methylprednisolone cobined cyclosporin A for 2 weeks.Pulmonary CT scan was rechecked in all cases,and the state of the cases were improved before discharged from hospital.Conclusions The causes of pulmonary cavity in children are not only infective factors,but also some non-infective disease,especially some changes of image of pulmonary CT scan has diagnostic value,detailed past medical history and appropriate rechecking of chest radiographic check are very necessary for diagnosis,according to the result of microbial inspection and evaluation of treatment effect in time and then adjust the treatment protocols.

Objective To study the change of metabolism of serum lipids in patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI). Methods The serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL) and high density lipoprotein(HDL) were measured in 60 patients with MCI and 100 age-matched normal controls. ResultsThe serum levels of TC,TG and LDL were significantly higher and HDL significantly lower in patients with MCI than in normal controls(P

Objective To evaluate the neuroprotective effect and possible mechanisms of edaravone(3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one) in neonatal Harlequin(Hq) mutant mice brain after hypoxia-ischemia brain injury(HIBD) insult.Methods The nine-day-old male Hq mutant mouse pups were assigned randomly either edaravone(n=16) and vehicle(n=17) treatment group.The Hq mice were subjected to left common carotid artery occlusion combined with inhalation 100 mL/L oxygen for 45 minutes.The mice were injected intraperitoneally either with edaravone(10 mg/kg) or equivalent volume of saline immediately after artery occlusion and after hypoxia.Nitrotyrosine and lipid peroxidation formation were evaluated at 3 h and 24 h after hypoxia-ischemia(HI) by using immunohistochemistry staining.Nitrotyrosine formation and caspases activation were evaluated either by immunoblotting or fluorogenic activity measurement at 24 h after HI.Brain injury was evaluated at 72 h by neuropathological score and calculating the infarct volume.Results Brain injury encompassed cortex,hippocampus,striatum and thalamus.Edaravone treatment reduced brain injury significantly in all the brain regions.The total infarct volume was reduced 52.8% in edaravone treatment group compared with vehicle group(P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the curative effect and surigical skills of reconstruction intramedullary nailing in the treatment of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2007 to January 2013, 13 patients with ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures were treated by reconstruction intramedullary nailing including 11 males and 2 females with an average age of 38.9 yeas old ranging from 25 to 53 years old. For femoral neck fractures,10 cases were basilar neck fracture, 3 were transcervical fractures and according to Garden classification,10 were type II, 2 were type III and 1 was type IV. For feormal shaft fracture, 5 were type I, 4 were type II, 3 were type III and 1 was type IV according to Winquist classification. The location of all 13 feormal shaft fractures were all in the uper 3/4 of the feormal shaft. Complications and postoperative function were recorded and evaluated.

RESULTSEleven patients were followed up for 23.45 months (12 to 36 months). Time from injury to operation was 5.9 days in average. Malunion of femoral neck fracture happened in 1 patient, nonunion of femoral shaft fracture happened in 2 patients. NO femoral head osteonecrosis, infection and malunion of femoral shaft fracture happened. According to Friedman-Wyman classification, 8 cases get good result, 2 get faii and 1 get poor.

CONCLUSIONReconstruction intramedullary nailing is a good choice for the ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures with the advantages of less soft-tissue trauma and complications.

Adult ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in lung adenocarcinoma and its correlation with tumor metastasis. Methods SP immunohistochemistry was used to detect GLUT1 and HIF-1α protein expression in 125 lung adenocarcinoma, including 41 cases without metastasis, 38 cases with lymphatic metastasis and 46 cases with brain metastasis. The correlation of GLUT1 and HIF-1α in lung adenocarcinoma metastasis was analyzed by using x 2 test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results Most lung adenocarcinoma were histologically heterogeneous, which contained more than one adenocarcinoma type. 73.2 % (30/41) cases were acinar predominant adenocarcinoma in lung adenocarcinoma without metastasis; 53.6 % (15/38) cases were acinar predominant adenocarcinoma and 26.3 % (10/38) cases were solid predominant adenocarcinoma in lung adenocarcinoma with lymphatic metastasis; 47.8 % (22/46) cases were papillary predominant adenocarcinoma and 34.8 % (16/46) cases were solid predominant adenocarcinoma in lung adenocarcinoma with brain metastases. The expression level of GLUT1 and HIF-1α in lung adenocarcinoma with lymphatic metastasis group was higher than that of the group without tumor metastasis (P< 0.05); the expression of GLUT1 and HIF-1α were positively correlated (r=0.407, P=0.000). Conclusions Papillary adenocarcinoma is the most histological type in lung adenocarcinoma with brain metastasis, suggesting that papillary adenocarcinoma is more prone to brain metastasis. The expression of GLUT1 and HIF-1α play an important role in lymph node metastasis and brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma.

From the hospital information system (HIS) of 20 national grade III-A general hospitals, 2 960 cases of herpes zoster as the research object, analyzes the relations between the general information, syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), western medicine combined diseases, the relationship between the solar term and the incidence of herpes zoster, and the combined use of Chinese and western medicine. Among the patients with 46-65 year old has the highest percentage of diseased; admission to general outpatient clinic is the most; the most common medical payment is medicare; combined disease such as hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease is more common; early treatment effect of herpes zoster is better than the sequelae; summer and autumn solar term patients is hospitalized more, TCM syndrome is damp heat of liver fire; about drugs, western medicine is the most commonly used vitamin B1 and mecobalamin, traditional Chinese medicine is the most frequently used Danhong injection, combination therapy with promoting blood circulation drugs and neurotrophic drugs. Thus, herpes zoster, more common in elderly patients, with no obvious relationship between solar term, should be early diagnosis and early treatment, often with combination of Chinese traditional and western medicine treatment.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Herpes Zoster ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Thiamine ; therapeutic use ; Vitamin B 12 ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the incidence and clinical feature of sleep-related breathing disorder in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods Thirty-four IPF patients who were measured by polysomnography (PSG) were collected in the Department of Respiration of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. According to the results of apnea hypoventilation index (AHI), patients were divided into pure IPF group (AHI<5 events/h, n=7) and IPF combined with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (IPF+OSAHS) group (AHI≥5 events/h, n=27). The PSG reports of two groups were analyzed, and the correlation between AHI and pulmonary function and oxygen saturation in sleep and at wake were analyzed. Results (1)Thirty-four IPF patients were all demonstrated sleep disorders, low sleep efficiency, increased proportion of stageⅠand stageⅡand decreased proportion of stageⅢand rapid eye movement (REM). The arousal index and the proportion of stageⅠand stageⅡwere higher in IPF+OSAHS group than those of pure IPF group (P<0.01), while the proportion of stageⅢwas lower in IPF+OSAHS group than that of pure IPF group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in stage REM between two groups. (2)Twenty-seven patients (79%) combined with OSAHS, among which five subjects (15%) were mild OSAHS with 5 events/h≤AHI<15 events/h, and 22 subjects (65%) were moderate-severe with AHI≥15 events/h. The main type of sleep-disorder breathing was hypoventilation, which mainly happened in stage REM. (3) Thirty-four IPF patients showed sleep hypoxemia, and the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was higher in IPF-OSAHS group than those of pure IPF group (P<0.05). (4)The AHI was positively correlated with body mass index (r=0.791, P<0.05), and was negatively correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC%pred) (r=-0.574, P<0.05) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%pred) in IPF patients (r=-0.664, P<0.05). The lowest oxygen saturation (LSO2) and mean oxygen saturation (MSO2) in sleep were positively related with oxygen saturation at wake (r=0.421 and r=0.464, P<0.05 respectively). Conclusion The IPF patients show severe sleep disorder and hypoxemia, which can be worsen by OSAHS and produce negative effect on daily life. We should initiate active treatment in patients with sleep-related breathing disorders.

Abortion, Missed ; chemically induced ; Adult ; Carbon Disulfide ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors