Objective To investigate the clinical feature,image of CT scan pulmonary,diagnosis and treatment response in children with pulmonary cavity,and discuss the method of diagnosis and the tactics of treatment for pulmonary cavity in children.Methods A retrospective study of 6 patients with pulmonary cavity,who were diagnosed and treated from Jul. 2003 to Oct. 2009 in Department of Pediatrics of the First Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University.The clinical manifestations,laboratory tests,image of CT scan pulmonary,microbiological evidence,diagnostic procedure and treatment response were collected and evaluated.Results Six patients all didn′t have history of lung di-sease,there were 4 boys and 2 girls,8-15 years old,average age was 10.5 years old.Two cases of them had unrelated pulmonary underlying diseases,1 case had hyperthyroidism,and the other had juvenile idiopathic arthritis and had complication of macrophage activation syndrome,the other 4 cases had no obvious history.All cases had fever (38-40 ℃),3 cases had cough and 1 case had chest pain.Staphylococcus aureus were cultured in 2 cases,no bacteria was cultured in other 4 cases;the count of white blood cell decreased in 2 cases and increased in 4 cases;C-reactive protein increased in 5 cases and was normal in 1 case;plasma IgE level increased in 2 cases and was normal in other 4 cases;plasma 1,3-beta-D-glucan of all 6 cases were negative.Pulmonary cavities were found in the first CT scan of the lungs in 5 cases and only 1 case of patient′s pulmonary cavities was found in the second CT scan of the lung.Five cases were diagnosed infective causes,1 case was diagnosed noninfectious cause,5 cases of infective causes had been treated with anti-microbial drugs for at least 1 week,1 case of noninfectious cause were treated with methylprednisolone cobined cyclosporin A for 2 weeks.Pulmonary CT scan was rechecked in all cases,and the state of the cases were improved before discharged from hospital.Conclusions The causes of pulmonary cavity in children are not only infective factors,but also some non-infective disease,especially some changes of image of pulmonary CT scan has diagnostic value,detailed past medical history and appropriate rechecking of chest radiographic check are very necessary for diagnosis,according to the result of microbial inspection and evaluation of treatment effect in time and then adjust the treatment protocols.

Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of percutaneous iliosacral screwing versus reconstruction plating in the treatment of pelvic posterior ring fractures of Tile C.Methods The authors retrieved the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical controlled trials (CCTs) comparing percutaneous iliosacral screwing versus reconstruction plating for Tile C pelvic posterior ring fractures from the Cochrane library,Medline,Embase,CNKI,Wanfang Data and Chinese Biomedical Database by computer and from major Chinese orthopedic journals by hand.Qualified data were extracted by statistical software Revman 5.2 for meta-analysis.Results 334 cases were included in this Meta-analysis from one RCT and 3 CCTs.Of them,162 underwent percutaneous iliosacral screwing and 172 reconstruction plating (including 66 cases of percutaneous reconstruction plating and 106 ones of anterior reconstruction plating).There was no significant difference between percutaneous iliosacral screwing and reconstruction plating in operation time (P =0.16).Percutaneous reconstruction plating consumed significantly less operation time than anterior reconstruction plating (P ＜ 0.001).Percutaneous iliosacral screwing decreased significantly incision length and intraoperative blood loss than both methods of reconstruction plating (P ＜ 0.001),but significantly increased times of X-ray exposure than percutaneous reconstruction plating (P ＜ 0.001).There were no significantly differences in the good to excellence rates by Matta scores and Majeed scores between percutaneous iliosacral screwing and percutaneous reconstruction plating (P ＞ 0.05),but percutaneous iliosacral screwing performed significantly better than anterior reconstruction plating (P ＜ 0.001).Percutaneous reconstruction plating led to significantly fewer postoperative complications than anterior reconstruction plating (P ＜ 0.001) but similar incidence of postoperative pain at the sacroiliac joint compared with percutaneous reconstruction plating (P =0.30).Conclusion Compared with anterior reconstruction plating,pereutaneous iliosacral screwing and percutaneous reconstruction plating may lead to better clinical efficacy and fewer complications.Percutaneous iliosacral screwing may be superior in incision length and intraoperative blood loss,but it requires more intraoperative X-ray exposure and more demanding technical skills.

The combined application of statins that inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and fibrates that activate PPAR-α can produce a better lipid-lowering effect than the simple application, but with stronger adverse reactions at the same time. In the treatment of hyperlipidemia, the combined administration of TCMs and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in treating hyperlipidemia shows stable efficacy and less adverse reactions, and provides a new option for the combined application of drugs. In this article, the pharmacophore technology was used to search chemical components of TCMs, trace their source herbs, and determine the potential common TCMs that could activate PPAR-α. Because there is no hyperlipidemia-related medication reference in modern TCM classics, to ensure the high safety and efficacy of all selected TCMs, we selected TCMs that are proved to be combined with statins in the World Traditional/Natural Medicine Patent Database, analyzed corresponding drugs in pharmacophore results based on that, and finally obtained common TCMs that can be applied in PPAR-α and combined with statins. Specifically, the pharmacophore model was based on eight receptor-ligand complexes of PPAR-α. The Receptor-Ligand Pharmacophore Generation module in the DS program was used to build the model, optimize with the Screen Library module, and get the best sub-pharmacophore, which consisted of two hydrogen bond acceptor, three hydrophobic groups and 19 excluded volumes, with the identification effectiveness index value N of 2. 82 and the comprehensive evaluation index CAI value of 1. 84. The model was used to screen the TCMD database, hit 5,235 kinds of chemical components and 1 193 natural animals and plants, and finally determine 62 TCMs. Through patent retrieval, we found 38 TCMs; After comparing with the virtual screening results, we finally got seven TCMs.
Acyl Coenzyme A ; metabolism ; Animals ; Databases, Factual ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Lipid Metabolism ; drug effects ; Lipids ; blood ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Models, Molecular ; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship ; Technology

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility and effect of percutanuous cannulated pedicle screw AF system fixation for the treatment of thoracolumbar flexion-distraction fracture without neurologic impairment.

METHODSFrom June 2008 to June 2010,21 patients with thoracolumbar flexion-distraction fracture were treated with percutanuous cannulated pedicle screw fixation. There were 16 males and 5 females with the mean age of 32.7 years ranging from 23 to 55 years. Injured levels 5 cases was in T12, 13 was in L1, 3 was in L2. According to classification of AO, B1 was in 13 cases, B2 was in 8 cases. ASIA grade of all the patients were grade E. The mean operative time, bleeding volume, lengths of stay were evaluated. All the patients took the X-ray and three-dimensional CT reconstruction to observe the fracture healing and to measure the height of the anterior border of fracture vertebral body and the Cobb angle of kyphosis. The visual analogue scales (VAS) were compared preoperation and postoperation. The clinical effects were analyzed according to Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) from 10 aspects, including pain intensity, personal care, lifting, walking, sitting, standing, sleeping, sex life, social life, traveling.

RESULTSAll the operations were successful and the mean time was (109.0+/-16.0) min, blood loss was (90.0+/-15.0) ml, lengths of stay was (7.7+/-2.3) d. No postoperative neurological deficits or wound infection occured. One case occurred subcutaneous fluid of incision and 1 case occurred delayed healing of incision. Fifteen patients were followed up with an average of 16.7 months (12-33 months). The VAS score improved from preoperative 8.3+/-1.7 to 1.8+/-1.2 at final follow up (P<0.05). The ODI of last follow-up was (10.0+/-1.2)%. Three-dimensional CT reconstructions and X-rays showed the height of vertebral body increased from preoperative (54.0+/-17.1)% to (82.7 - 3.5)% at 12 months after operation (P<0.05). Cobb angle of kyphosis changed from preoperative (23.0+/-13.1) to (6.9+/-5.1) degrees at 12 months after operation (P<0.05). The healing time of fracture was (4.7+/-0.3) months. There were no significant loss of vertebral height or kyphosis correction between postoperative 1 months and last follow-up (P>0.05). There were satisfactory fracture reduction and good position of internal fixation,and no loss of reduction within 12 months and no fixation failure in follow-up.

CONCLUSIONThe minimally invasive percutaneous cannulated pedicle screw fixation technique is feasible in treatment of thoracolumbar flexion-distraction fracture without neurologic impairment. This technique can avoid re -injury of posterior ligaments and bone structure, and may rebuild posterior tension band structure with the advantages of less trauma, less bleeding,shorter operative time, rapid postoperative recovery and so on.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use* ; Humans ; Psoriasis/drug therapy* ; Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a kind of neurodevelopmental multigenic disorder. More than one hundred of candidate genes for ASD have been reported. The candidate gene research for ASD involves in chromosome loci and screening of candidate genes and epigenetic abnormalities for candidate genes. The reported genes encode neural adhesion molecules, ion channels, scaffold proteins, protein kinases, receptor protein and carrier protein, signaling modulate molecules and circadian relevant proteins. The research of mutation screening and expression regulation of candidate genes can help to elucidate genetic mechanisms for ASD, and may provide new approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder. This article reviews the research advance in candidate genes for ASD.
Autism Spectrum Disorder ; genetics ; Gene Dosage ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Ion Channels ; genetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; Signal Transduction ; genetics

AIM:To explore the molecular mechanism of panaxadiol saponin(PDS)by observing Toll like receptor(TLR)2 and TLR9 mRNA expression induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).METHODS:Rats were divided into LPS,LPS+PDSL,LPS+PDSM and control group,respectively.Nitric oxide synthase(NOS)activity,nitric oxide(NO)content,LPO content,SOD activity and TLR2 and TLR9 mRNA expression were assayed 4 h after intravenous injection of LPS.RESULTS:NOS activity,NO content,LPO content of LPS+PDSL group and LPS+PDSM group were significantly lower than those in LPS group.TLR2 mRNA expression in the liver tissue of LPS+PDSL group and LPS+PDSM group was decreased compared with LPS group.CONCLUSION:PDS has a protective effect on liver tissues by triggering the down-regulation of TLR2 expression,reducing NOS activity,and NO content.

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; adverse effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Female ; Fever ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Middle Aged ; Quinazolines ; therapeutic use

To construct the Bac-to-Bac expression system of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), a transfer vector was constructed which contained an Escherichia coli (E. coli) mini-F replicon and a lacZ: attTN7: lacZ cassette within the upstream and downstream regions of the BmNPV polyhedrin gene. B. mori larvae were cotransfected with wild-type BmNPV genomic DNA and the transfer vector through subcutaneous injection to generate recombinant viruses by homologous recombination in vivo. The genomic DNA of budded viruses extracted from the hemolymph of the transfected larvae was used to transform E. coli DH10B. Recombinant bacmids were screened by kanamycin resistance, PCR and restriction enzyme (REN) digestion. One of the bacmid colonies, BmBacJS13, which had similar REN profiles to that of wild-type BmNPV, was selected for further research. To investigate the infectivity of BmBacJS13, the polyhedrin gene was introduced into the bacmid and the resultant recombinant (BmBacJS13-ph) was transfected to BmN cells. The budded viruses were collected from the supernatant of the transfected cells and used for infecting BmN cells. Growth curve analysis indicated that BmBacJS13-ph had a similar growth curve to that of wild-type BmNPV. Bio-assays indicated that BmBacJS13-ph was also infectious to B. mori larvae.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of unsaponifiable matter from the seed oil of Momordica cochinchinensis.

METHODThe fatty oil from the seeds of M. cochinchinensis was extracted with petroleum ether, and the saponification was carried out with potassium hydroxide. The unsaponifiable matter was isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, and the structures of their constituents were elucidated by means of IR, MS, 1H-NMR, and authentic chemicals.

RESULTKarounidiol (1), isokarounidiol (2), 5-dehydrokarounidiol (3), 7-oxodihydrokarounidiol (4), beta-sitosterol (5), stigmast-7-en-3beta-ol (6), and stigmast-7,22-dien-3beta-ol (7) were elucidated.

CONCLUSIONThese compounds were found in this plant for the first time.

Molecular Structure ; Momordica ; chemistry ; Oleanolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Oils ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification