Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) in gestational trophoblastie diseases and its invasiveness.Methods The expression and distribution of MMP-7,MMP-9,TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were determined by immunohistochemistry PV-6000 in 49 cases of hydatidiform mole (eight of them with malignant transformation),six cases of invasive hydatidiform mole,two cases of choriocarcinoma and 18 cases with normal villi in early pregnancy.Results The expression of MMP-7,MMP-9,TIMP-2 and MMP- 9/TIMP-1 was significantly higher in choriocareinoma,invasive mole and malignant transformed mole than that in normal villi in early pregnancy and non-malignant transformed mole (F=10.950,7.760,7.304, 3.442;P

Building of medical teams was a basic preparation for Beijing 2008 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games as well. In this consideration, the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (BOCOG) and Beijing Health Bureau developed a complete set of mechanism to integrate human resources, coveting standards development, selection, training and testing for members of medical teams. This ensures the success of medical services delivery and provides medical services delivery of subsequent Large-scale activities with valuable experiences as well

An insight of the building and operation of the medical rescue and assurance system for Beijing Olympic Games will help identify effective practices for design and implementation of medical rescue plans in large-scale activities held in cities. Practice-proven: large-scale activities call for systems designed in view of characteristics of medical assurance tasks of such events, and such systems must be improved all the way. Keys to operations of Olympic venues in the run-up period are setup of medical services, development of general medical procedures, management of medical teams in venues, and design of medical rescue flows. Focuses of venue operations during the games are reporting of medical information from the venues, seamless interconnection between venues and medical organizations in the city, and crisis management for medical operations on the venues.

BACKGROUND: Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympic Games, and the services including medical services were widely appreciated by both participants and visitors. We retrospectively analyzed the quality of the medical services provided to athletes, spectators, VIPs, and the workforce during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. The information thus gathered would be useful for planning strategies for managing mass gatherings. METHODS: Medical encounter forms filled during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games were retrospectively reviewed. Descriptive statistics was used to characterize the data by accreditation and diagnostic categories. RESULTS: A total of 22892 medical encounters were documented during the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. Among them, 10549 (46.08％) involved the workforce, 3365 (14.70％) athletes, 3019 (13.19％) spectators, 585 (2.56％) members of the media, 1065 (4.65％) VIPs, and 4309 (18.82％) others. Of the 22892 cases, physical injury accounted for 27.90％ (6386), respiratory disease 18.21％ (4169), and heat-related illnesses 2.68％ (615). CONCLUSIONS: Preparations of the medical service for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games were made for 7 years, and the service provided has been praised worldwide. This study provides valuable information that may be useful for planning medical services for upcoming Olympic Games, including the London 2012 Olympic Games and other mass gatherings.

Objective To compare the toxicity of different extraction parts of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai;To screen out"toxic sections"of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai; To provide references for further study on toxicity components of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai. Methods Systematic solvent method was used to extract the 95% ethanol extracts of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai,and six different extraction fractions(petroleum ether,chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, alcohol and water) were obtained. Median lethal dose (LD50) and maximum dose method were used to conduct comparative study on acute toxicity of different extraction parts of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai. Results Chloroform, water and butanol extractions in LD50of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai were 89.65, 1805.40 and 24 409.41 mg/kg, and 95% confidence limits were 76.39~108.41, 1521.60~2240.00 and 20 422.54~24 246.95, respectively. The maximum dose of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and alcohol extractions were 2686.01, 3108.13 and 28 376.21 mg/kg, respectively. Conclusion The maximum toxicity is the extracted section of chloroform, and the minimal toxicity is the extracted section of ethanol.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and efficiency of local paclitaxel delivery using the double-balloon perfusion catheter to prevent restenosis in the canine coronary artery.

METHODSTwenty domestic canines underwent bare-mental stent implantation after balloon injure of the left coronary artery. A novel double-balloon perfusion catheter was used to deliver the drug locally in the canine coronary artery. In the treatment group (n = 15), paclitaxel (10 ml, 20 micromol/L) was delivered using the double-balloon perfusion catheter before stent implantation. In the control group (n = 5), 10 ml saline was delivered using the double-balloon perfusion catheter before stent implantation. The perfusion time in both groups was (26.45 +/- 5.18) s. Animals underwent coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) 90 days after stent implantation and were sacrificed. Vessels were perfusion-fixed and morphometric analysis was performed using conventional techniques.

RESULTSCoronary angiography results showed restenosis rate in control group was significantly higher than that in treatment group (60% vs. 33.33%, P < 0.05). The parameters of OCT showed in treatment group and control group: the neointimal thickness was (0.19 +/- 0.08) mm and (0.38 +/- 0.03) mm, the neointimal area was (1.52 +/- 0.49) mm2 and (2.51 +/- 0.47) mm2, the lumen area was (3.50 +/- 0.66) mm2 and (2.78 +/- 0.57) mm2, the extent of stenosis was (30.13 +/- 8.56)% and (47.40 +/- 4.50)%, and all the variances above were significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). The histologic parameters showed in treatment group and control group: the neointimal thickness was (0.22 +/- 0.10) mm and (0.47 +/- 0.05) mm, the neointimal area was (1.85 +/- 0.78) mm2 and (3.43 +/- 0.25) mm2, the lumen area was (3.15 +/- 0.43) mm2 and (1.85 +/- 0.55) mm2, the extent of stenosis was (36.00 +/- 10.97)% and (65.40 +/- 8.23)%, and all the variances above were also significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). The stents of both the groups were fully endothelialized. No thrombus or aneurysm was found in stents.

CONCLUSIONLocal delivery of paclitaxel with the double-balloon perfusion catheter to prevent restenosis in coronary stents is safe and efficient.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Animals ; Catheters ; Coronary Restenosis ; prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Injections ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Stents

OBJECTIVETo determine if multi-detector CT (MDCT) characterization of plaque is correlated with the classification of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

METHODSAltogether 1900 patients were examined by MDCT from December 2007 to May 2009, of whom 95 patients fulfilled the criteria of ACS. Those patients were divided into the discrete plaque group ( n=61) and diffuse plaque group ( n=34) based on the findings in MDCT. The clinical diagnosis of ACS and CT results were analyzed, including segment stenosis score, segment involvement score, 3-vessel plaque score, left main score, calcification score, and remodeling index. The incidences of major adverse cardiac events in follow-up period were also recorded.

RESULTSThe patients of the diffuse plaque group were older than those of the discrete plaque group ( Pü0.0001). The diffuse plaque group presented more cases of hypertension, peripheral artery disease, diabetes, and heart failure than discrete plaque group (all P<0.05). All the 5 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction were found in discrete plaque group. The segment stenosis score of the discrete plaque group was lower than that of the diffuse plaque group(5.15±3.55 vs. 14.91±5.37, Pü0.001). The other four scores demonstrated significant inter-group difference as well (all P<0.05). The remodeling index of thediscrete plaque group was higher (1.12±0.16 vs.0.97±0.20, Pü0.05). Follow-up data showed that major adverse cardiac events occurred more frequently in diffuse plaque group than in discrete group (29.41% vs. 11.48%, P=0.0288).

CONCLUSIONSCharacteristics of discrete and diffuse plaques may be significantly different among different classes of ACS. The diffuse plaque may present higher risk, correlated to higher mortality. The diagnosis of discrete and diffuse plaques by MDCT would provide a new insight into the prognosis and treatment of ACS.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; classification ; Adult ; Aged ; Coronary Artery Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVETo assess the feasibility and accuracy of CT coronary angiography (CTCA) combined with adenosine stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) for diagnosis of flow-limiting coronary stenosis.

METHODSA total of 105 patients with suspected or established coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent CTCA and MPS within 4 weeks before invasive coronary angiography. The accuracy of CTCA/MPS in the diagnosis of flow-limiting coronary stenosis was evaluated in comparison with the results of quantitative coronary angiography and MPS.

RESULTSThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CTCA/MPS as a combined approach for detection of flow-limiting coronary stenosis were all 100%. In 16% (9/55) of the patients, revascularization procedures were performed and no flow-limiting stenosis was found.

CONCLUSIONCombination of CTCA and MPS has an excellent accuracy for detecting flow-limiting coronary stenosis as compared with quantitative coronary angiography/MPI, and can be a useful gatekeeper for revascularization procedures.

Adenosine ; Aged ; Coronary Angiography ; methods ; Coronary Stenosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Perfusion Imaging ; methods ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo assess the feasibility and accuracy of CT first-pass myocardial perfusion imaging (CT first-pass MPI) at rest for diagnosis of myocardial ischemia. Results of adenosine-induced myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) were used as gold standard.

METHODSTwenty-two patients with suspected or diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) were included and CT coronary angiography (CTCA) and MPS were performed within 2 weeks. CT first-pass MPI detected myocardial ischemia results through analyzing the raw date of CTCA were compared with MPS results.

RESULTSThe sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of CT first-pass MPI at rest for detecting myocardial ischemia were 92% (12/13), 78% (7/9), 86% (12/14), 88% (7/8) and 86% (19/22), respectively.

CONCLUSIONCT first-pass MPI at rest could detect myocardial ischemia with an accuracy similar to that of MPS.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coronary Angiography ; methods ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Ischemia ; diagnostic imaging ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of memantine on the regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in dichlorvos-poisoned rat brain, and to understand the mechanism of its role in organophosphate poisoning.

METHODSSD rats were administrated dichlorvos (25 mg/kg, ip) then three groups were treated with memantine at doses of 5, 15 and 45 mg/kg respectively. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and binding capacity of NMDA receptor with [(3)H]MK-801 were determined 16 h after dichlorvos injection.

RESULTSThe time of onset of toxic symptoms in 15, 45 mg memantine treated groups [(18.40 +/- 1.14) and (21.40 +/- 1.52) min respectively] was higher than that in dichlorvos alone group [(16.75 +/- 1.62) min]; the intensity of muscle fasciculation (1.60 +/- 1.14 and 0.80 +/- 0.84, respectively) was less than that in control group (2.85 +/- 0.37); the total score of poisoning symptoms (8.80 +/- 1.79 and 9.00 +/- 2.24 respectively) was also less than that in dichlorvos group (14.60 +/- 1.70). The AChE activities both in blood and brain of memantine treated groups were not significantly different from those in dichlorvos alone group. The affinity (Kd value) and density (Bmax value) of brain NMDA receptor in dichlorvos exposed rats [(75.55 +/- 7.87) nmol/L, (0.46 +/- 0.06) pmol/mg pro respectively] were higher and lower respectively than those in control group [(37.37 +/- 4.17) nmol/L, (0.62 +/- 0.04) pmol/mg pro respectively]. Lower level of memantine (5 and 25 mg/kg) could antagonize the dichlorvos-evoked down-regulation of [(3)H]MK-801 binding to NMDA receptor in rat brain [Bmax value: (0.55 +/- 0.07) and (0.64 +/- 0.07) pmol/mg pro; Kd value: (38.68 +/- 4.54) and (32.58 +/- 3.90) nmol/L respectively] while higher dose of memantine (45 mg/kg), the Bmax (0.45 +/- 0.06) pmol/mg pro and Kd (22.88 +/- 4.42) nmol/L of NMDA receptor were significantly decreased (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONMemantine in certain dose range could protect against the down-regulation of NMDA receptor in rat brain, and alleviate organophosphorus poisoning symptoms to some extent. The recovery of AChE activity inhibition wasn't involved in the treatment with memantine on dichlorvos poisoning, therefore, atropine and a proper AChE reactivator (an oxime) should be used clinically.

Acetylcholinesterase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Dichlorvos ; toxicity ; Dopamine Agents ; pharmacology ; Insecticides ; toxicity ; Male ; Memantine ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism