Angiogenesis is a fundamental physiological and pathological process in human body.Angiogenesis is regulated by integrins,a family of cell surface receptors.After binding with their ligands such as extracellular matrix proteins and immunoglobulin superfamily molecules,integrins can promote the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells during angiogenesis.Several integrin-targeted therapeutic agents are currently used in clinical trials for the therapy of angiogenesis related diseases.Here,there will show the roles of integrins in angiogenesis and clinical application.

Objective To observe the effect of leptin on proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer MCF-7 cell line,and to explore the effect of leptin on occurrence and development of breast cancer.Method The MCF-7 cell line was treated with different concentration of leptin in vitro.Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. Distribution of cell cycle was determined by flow cytomery, meanwhile the rates of apoptosis were estimated on the basis of Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection. Results When treated with different concentration of leptin for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, they could significantly induce the proliferation of MCF-7 cells by MTT method.There was not interaction between concentration of leptin and time course (F=0.919,P=0.523).The main effect of concentration of leptin and time course was statistically significant (F=12.699,P=0.000;F=647.881, P=0.000). Compared 200 ng/ml and 400 ng/ml with the control group, we found the difference was statistically significant by multiple comparison (P=0.007,P=0.000,respectively).The difference was also statistically significant among time course by multiple comparison (P=0.000,respectively).By the flow cytometry analysis,it was found that the 100 ng/ml and 400 ng/ml leptin groups could change the distribution of cell cycle of MCF-7 cell line after 48 h. Compared with control group, the cell number decreased by 14.42 ％ in G0/G1 phase (F=10.464, P=0.044),but increased by 7.57 ％ and 22.19 ％ respectively in S phase (F=47.361,P=0.005).The difference was not statistically significant in G2/M phase (F=1.77, P=0.311).However, the effect of apoptosis inhibition was not obvious. Conclusions Leptin could stimulate the proliferation of MCF-7 cell line and change the distribution of cell cycle.But leptin could not inhibit apoptosis of MCF-7 cell line.It suggested that leptin may serve as a risk factor of breast cancer development.

Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN) is a tumor suppressor which can inhibit proliferation and migration and control apoptosis in a number of cell types,mainly through inhibiting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K) signaling pathway.A number of in vitro and in vivo studies has been instrumental in uncovering a direct correlation between deregulated PTEN/PI3K signaling and changes in neuronal morphogenesis,which is likely to have profound bearings upon the pathogenesis of neurological symptoms.This review outlines recent work on the function of PTEN during the formation and maintenance of neuronal circuits in the brain.

Background Researches showed that the content of nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) increases in blood,aqueous humor and tear of cataract patient.But the function of NO and NOS in cataract formation is still elusive.Objective The aim of this study was to explore the prevention and treatment effect of NOS inhibitor,1-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME),on galactose cataract.Methods Sixty clean three-week-old Wistar rats were equally and randomly divided into 3 groups.0.9％ Normal saline solution (30 ml/kg) was subcutaneously injected every day for 30 days in the rats of the control group,and 50％ of D-galactose solution (30 ml/kg) was used in the rats of the model and L-NAME group at the same way.L-NAME eye drops was simultaneously administered in the L-NAME group 3 times per day for 30 days.The eyes of the rats were examined under the slit lamp in 10,20 and 30 days,and the degree of lens opacification was scored.Lenses of the rats were obtained at the end of this experiment for the detect of NO,NOS contents.Flow cytometry was used to assay the caspase-3 level of rat lens.Repeated measurement two factor analysis of variance was used to analyze the difference of lens opacification scores in different groups and different time points,and one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the differences of NO,NOS and caspase-3 contents in lens among the groups.Results Lens opacification appeared in 10 days after injection of 50％ D-galactose solution in the rats of the model group and L-NAME group.Lens opacification score was higher among the different groups and different time points (Ftime =435.251,P =0.000 ;Fgroup =395.120,P=0.000).NO content in the lens was (0.45±0.15) μmol/g,(2.67 ± 0.47) μmol/g and (1.68±0.34) μmol/g in the control group,model group and L-NAME group,showing a significant difference (F=58.872,P=0.000).The NOS contents in the lens was (0.0160±0.0020) U/ml,(0.0370±0.0040) U/ml and (0.0270±0.0010) U/ml in the control group,model group and L-NAME group,showing a significant difference (F =66.174,P=0.000).Caspase-3 contents in the lens was (339.4 ± 37.9),(697.7 ± 46.5) and (650.7 ± 53.1),Showing a significant difference among them (F =100.005,P =0.000).Conclusions The increase of NO,NOS and caspase3 levels are associated with lens opacification.Topical administration of L-NAME eye drops can down-regulate NOS content in lens,reduce the NO formation and inhibit the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells.

Objective To observe endoplagmic reticulum stress in bone tissue of fluomsis rats and further explore the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis.Methods 48 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups according to their body mass.The control and low.calcium group were fed with normal diet(0.79%calcium)and low-calcium diet(0.79%calcium)respectively,and both drank tap water(sodium fluoride concentrations＜1 mg/L).High fluoride and low.calcium plus high-fluoride groups were fed with normal diet(0.79%calcium)and low-calcium diet (0.79%calcium)respectively,and both drank tap water containing sodium fluoride(sodium fluoride concentrations 221 mg/L).During experimental period,rats were measured body mass once a week with a stand diet and water available ad libiturn.The experimental period was 3 months.The biochemical techniques were used to test the indicators of oxidative stress and ALP in seFum of fluorosis rats.The total RNA was extracted from the one side of the femur,and the transcription level of Bip,Xbp1,CHOP and PDI were investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The level of MDA in serum of low-calcium plus high-fluoride group wag higher than that of the control[(14.74±3.11)μmol/L vs(10.15±1.96)μmol/L,P＜0.05];the activity of GPx was ma~edly higher in hish-fluoride group compared with the control[(3.87±0.41)×103 U/L vs(2.85± 0.55)×103 U/L,P＜0.05];the level of uric acid in sel'um was significantly lower both in high-fluoride group and low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the respective control and the low-calcium group[(73.95± 9.52)μmol/L vs(110.43±25.48)μmol/L,(54.32±22.09)μmol/L vs(101.71±17.01)μmol/L,P＜0.05]. The activity of ALP wag obviously higher in low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the control [(24.77±4.57)×103U/L vs (12.91±3.97)×103U/L,P＜0.01)].The mRNA expression of Bip/GAPDH in bone tissue was markedly higher in bone of high-fluoride group and low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the control(1.38±0.24,1.35±0.12 vs 1.14±0.06,P ＜ 0.05). The expression of Xbp1/GAPDH in bone tissue significantly increased in low-calcium plus high-fluoride groups compared with the control and the low-calcium group (1.48±0.20 vs 1.02±0.25,1.07±0.25,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01);and CHOP/GAPDH in bone tissue significantly increased in low-calcium plus high-fluoride groups compared with the control(0.84±0.18 vs 0.52±0.07,P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions Accelerated osteogenetic action is seen in fluorosis rats,accompanied by oxidative stress and bone endoplasmic reticulum stress,which is likely involved in the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis.

Objective In order to study the value of drug treatment for leukemia, quercetin was delivered to the cultured NB4 cell line. MethodsUsing RT- PCR and western blot, we studied the expression of mutant p53 gene and protein after inducing 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120h by the quercetin with different concentrations (30, 60, 90μmol/L). Results We verified the results that quercetin with concentration of 30 ～90μmol/L could successfully inhibit the expression of mutant p53 protein, but the mutant p53 gene did not have. ConclusionThat data suggested that quercetin would be an effective method for the therapy of leukemia.

Purpose To compare the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) and contrast-enhanced MRI (CEMRI) in the diagnosis of renal space-occupying lesions. Materials and Methods Seventy-eight patients whose 80 kidney space-occupying lesions were conifrmed by traditional ultrasound underwent CEUS examination. Among those patients, 39 patients also underwent CECT, 28 had CEMRI, and 5 had CECT and CEMRI examination together. Taken pathologic findings as gold standard, the value of conventional ultrasound, CEUS, CECT and CEMRI was compared in the diagnosis of renal space-occupying lesions. Results Among 80 renal masses, 57 lesions were malignant and the rest 23 lesions were benign. The diagnostic sensitivity, speciifcity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 93.0%, 69.6%, 88.3%, 80.0%for CEUS;those for CECT were 96.4%, 72.7%, 90.0%, 88.9%respectively;and for CEMRI were 86.4%, 66.7%, 90.5%, 57.1%respectively;and the diagnostic value among the three means showed no difference (P>0.05). Conclusion CEUS, CECT and CEMRI are all effective in the diagnosis of renal space-occupying lesions, We may select suitable examination means for patients according to their features. A combination of these techniques provides more information for the diagnosis of renal space-occupying lesions.

The compatibility of kanamycin with sodium citrate for the formulation of kanamycin sulfate injection was determined, including optimization of the amount of sodium citrate in the injection and the sterilization process. An HPLC coupled with an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) was used to measure the amount of sodium citrate and the impurity profiles. A validated post-column derivatization HPLC coupled with a fluorescence detector (FLD) was used to determine the correlation between specific impurities in a domestic factory and sodium citrate, and then the formulation was evaluated by HPLC coupled with mass detector (MS) characterization of degradation products. The results show that the amount of sodium citrate in kanamycin sulfate injection from a domestic factory is about 40 times higher than that of the Meiji formulation. Several specific impurities can be detected in solutions heated under simulated sterilization conditions (121 ℃), which were correlated with the amount of sodium citrate. Impurities were characterized by HPLC-MS/MS, and data showed that the identified impurities were interaction products of kanamycin and sodium citrate. These results indicate that greater attention should be directed at formula optimization in domestic factories, as it is crucial to the safety and efficacy of the preparations. Drug-excipient chemical compatibility should also be evaluated in the development of pharmaceutical dosages forms especially when the active pharmaceutical ingredients have a primary amine group.

To investigate the epidemic and evolutionary trends of enterovirus (EV) in the external environment of Yunnan Province, China, molecular typing was performed on 4 EV strains that were isolated from environmental sewage in Yunnan. The VP1 region of isolates was amplified by RT-PCR using universal enterovirus primers, and the amplified VP1 region was sequenced for GenBank BLAST search and genotype analysis. The 4 EV strains were identified as ECHO7. Their nucleotide and amino acid homologies with the VP1 sequences of 68 ECHO7 strains retrieved from GenBank were measured by Mega software analysis. Our findings showed that ECHO7 strains from environmental sewage and population samples were in different evolutionary branches. These strains showed typical geographical and temporal differences; In addition, there were different transmission chains at the same time and in the same area. ECHO7 strains isolated from sewage water and patients with acute flaccid paralysis during the same period in Yunnan belonged to different clusters and evolved at different speeds. Special concerns are needed for this problem. Continuous molecular biological surveillance of human EV in the external environment of Yunnan will provide strong support for early warning of EV diseases.
China ; Databases, Genetic ; Enterovirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Sequence Analysis ; Sewage ; virology

Fourteen compounds were isolated by column chromatography from the ethyl acetate extract of the seeds of Brassica campestris. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data analysis. The isolated compounds were respectively identified as (5Z,7E)-4, 4-dimethyl-5-acetyl-5, 7-nonadienoic acid (1), indole-3-carboxaldehyde (2), blumenol A (3), vinylsyringol (4), sinapinic acid (5), sinapic acid ethyl ester (6), protocatechuic acid (7), crinosterol (8), campesterol (9), 7-oxo-stigmasterol (10), kaempferol (11), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (12), syringic acid (13) and daucosterol (14). Compound 1 was a new compound and the other compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time except for compounds 4, 5 and 13.
Brassica ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization