Hepatectomy ; methods ; trends ; Humans ; Liver ; surgery

Animals ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Genistein ; therapeutic use ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mice

Objective To evaluate the renal cortical blood perfusion changes in rabbits with acute renal failure (ARF) with gray scale contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and to explore the relationship between these changes and the blood creatinine (SCr), as well as the blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Methods Rabbit ARF models were established with 50% glycerin injected into the rabbits' thighs. Gray scale contrast-enhanced ultrasound was performed on the day before injection (T_0) and 1, 4, 8, 12 days (T_1, T_4, T_8, T_(12)) after injection. The renal cortex perfusion time-intensity curve (TIC) was analyzed, including parameters like arrival time (AT), time to peak intensity (TTP), amplitude of peak intensity (A) and slope rate of TIC (β) of renal cortex. Meanwhile the SCr and BUN were measured, the correlation between SCr, BUN and parameters were analyzed. Results Compared with the value of T_0, the value of TTP, A, β after injection (T_1, T_4, T_8) were statistically different, respectively (P<0.05), but the differences among T_1, T_4 and T_8 were various. No linear correlation between above parameters and SCr, BUN was found. Conclusion The renal cortical blood perfusion changes can be early observed with gray scale contrast-enhanced ultrasound, but there is no linear correlation between the changes of parameters and SCr, BUN.

Objective To assess the application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in evaluation of the renal cortical and medullary perfusion changes before and after acute renal failure (ARF) in rabbits. Methods Rabbit ARF models were established with intramuscular 50% glycerin (12-15 ml/kg) injection into rabbits' thighs. One day before and after ARF models establishment, CEUS was performed on each rabbit. The renal perfusion time-intensity curve (TIC) was analyzed, including parameters like AT (arrival time), TTP (time to peak intensity), A (amplitude of peak intensity), AUC (area under the curve), β (slope rate of TIC) of renal cortex and medulla. Results The value of A and β before model establishment was (17.36±13.73) dB and (5.38±2.08) dB/s, respectively, both was significantly higher than those after glycerin injection ([6.59±4.25] dB and [1.58±1.41] dB/s, respectively) (P<0.05). The value of TTP and AUC before model establishment was (2.46±1.76) s and (329.31±171.70) dBs, both was significantly lower than those after injection ([5.93±4.80] s and [722.28±354.14] dBs, respectively) (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in AT of renal cortex and AT, A, TTP, AUC, β of renal medulla, nor in SCr or BUN. Conclusion CEUS can display the changes of perfusion image of the renal cortex of the ARF earlier than SCr and BUN.

Introduction:Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus thermal ablation has been widely used recently in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to compare results of the combination of TACE and percutaneous thermal ablation with those of hepatectomy in patients with HCC. Methods:The clinical data of 137 HCC patients who sequentially received TACE and computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous thermal ablation as an initial curative treatment (combination group) and 148 matched HCC patients who received hepatectomy (surgery group) between 2004 and 2011 were collected and analyzed. After TACE, multiphase contrast-enhanced CT was performed to identify the total number of tumors as well as lipiodol deposition in the liver. Survival was calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by using the log-rank test. The prognostic factors were assessed with multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results:Of all 285 patients, 225 (79.0%) had cancerous lesions≤5 cm in diameter. In preoperative contrast-enhanced CT or magnetic resonance imaging, the number of tumors was 1–4 for each patient. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overal survival rates were 95, 74%, and 67%in the combination group and 88, 66, and 47%in the surgery group, respectively (P=0.004);the corresponding recurrence-free survival rates for the two groups were 92, 69, and 61%and 75, 58, and 44%, respectively (P=0.001). In the multivariate analysis, treatment al ocation was an independent prognostic factor for survival. Only 60 patients in the combination group had sufficient imaging data, and 135 new lesions with lipiodol deposition were diagnosed as malignancies in 22 of 60 patients, whereas 20 new lesions were found in 11 of 148 patients in the surgery group. Conclusion:The combination of TACE and CT-guided percutaneous thermal ablation for HCC improves survival of HCC patients compared with hepatectomy.

Twelve cases of Bartter's syndrome were reported and reviewed retrospectively.Usually vomiting was the first sympton in children,while fatigue was common in adults.Bartter's syndrome was characteristic of hypokalemia,metabolic alkalosis,elevations of plasma renin activity,serum angiotersinⅡand aldosterone and juxtaglomerular apperatus hyperplasia.Supplementation of potassium choloride was the main manner of therapy.

OBJECTIVETo identify the mutation of C1 inhibitor (C1 INH) gene in a Chinese family with hereditary angioedema (HAE).

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing were used to identify the mutation type. The sequencing results were compared with the normal sequences in GenBank to find the mutation. In order to exclude the polymorphism, 30 normal volunteers were analyzed.

RESULTSOne novel mutation (17839 del C) was detected in 5 patients with HAE. The mutation was not found in controls.

CONCLUSIONThe mutation of C1 INH gene (17839 del C) is identified in the family. Molecular diagnosis can be made by detecting the mutation.

Angioedema ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; genetics ; Complement C1 ; genetics ; Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins ; genetics ; Exons ; Family Health ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pedigree ; Point Mutation ; Sequence Deletion

Animals ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 ; therapeutic use ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use

Background The pathological foundation of diabetic retinopathy is the breakdown of the bloodretina barrier induced by multifactors.Objective This study was to investigate the retinal morphologic change and the levels of serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),endothelin(ET)and nitric oxide(NO)in diabetic rats.Methods Forty healthy female SD rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group and 20 rats for each group.Acute diabetes models were established by the intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin in experimental group and the equal volume of buffer solution was injected at the same way in the control group.The serum VEGF level,ET level and NO concentration of diabetic and control rats were detected using ELISA double antibody sandwich method,125I radioimmune method and nitrate reduction method respectively at 2,4,6 and 8 weeks after injection.The eyeballs of rats were enucleated at the eighth week for retinal pathologic examination.This experiment followed the Measures for the administration of experimental animals of Shanghai City.Results The retinal structure was normal throughout the experimental duration in the control group.However,retinal edema and cellular disorganization appeared at 4 months and retinal blooding could be seen with the extending of diabetes course.The levels of serum VEGF and ET in each experimental group were significantly higher than those in control groups(P＜0.05).The levels of serum NO elevated in 2-month experimental group compared with same-phase control group(Z =-2.193,P＜0.05),and those in 6-and 8-month experimental groups were significantly lower than in corresponding control groups(Z =-2.449,Z =-2.236,P＜0.05).With the progression of the disease,the levels of VEGF and ET increased gradually,but the levels of NO decreased gradually,showing statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The level of serum VEGF showed a positive correlation with serum ET level and a negative correlation with the serum NO concentration(r=-0.814,r=-0.803,P＜0.01)in the experimental group.A negative leaner relation was also found between serum ET level and serum NO concentration(r=0.821,P＜0.01).Conclusions The serum VEGF,ET and NO levels are closely associated with the degree of retinal lesion in early diabetic models.These results suggest that serum VEGF,ET and NO levels may be the important indexes predicting the course of retinal disease in diabetic rats.

?AlM: To analyze and study the changes of intraocular pressure ( lOP) , visual field and P-ERG on patients with big cup/disk (C/D) in 24h.
?METHODS: A total of 120 cases ( 240 eyes ) diagnosed with big C/D (C/D>0. 3) were divided into group A (C/D<0. 6, 67 cases, 114 eyes ) and group B ( C/D≥0. 6, 73 cases, 126 eyes). Forty cases (80 eyes) with small C/D (C/D≤0. 3) were chosen as control group. All cases underwent 24h lOP examination, vision examination of 30-2 SlTA - standard static threshold and pattern electroretinogram ( P-ERG) examination. The differences between the examination indexes of the three groups were analyzed.
?RESULTS:There was no significant statistical difference in the 24h average lOP (P>0. 05) among the three groups, while the amplitudes had significant statistical differences (P<0. 05). Compared with the control group, the lOP amplitudes of group B were obviously higher, and the difference was of statistical significance (P<0. 05). ln terms of static threshold visual fields, the mean deviations (MD) and pattern standard deviations (PSD) of the three groups had significant statistical differences ( P < 0. 05 ). Comparison between every two groups:compared with the control group, the MD and the PSD were significantly increased in group B, and the difference was of statistical significance (P<0. 05); while there was no significant statistical difference in group A (P>0. 05);Compared with group A, the MD and the PSD were significantly higher in group B, and the difference was of statistical significance (P<0. 05). ln terms of P-ERG examination, there was no significant statistical difference in P50’s latent periods among the three groups (P>0. 05), but there were significant statistical differences in amplitudes (P<0. 05). Comparison between every two groups: compared with the control group, the P50’s amplitude was significantly decreased in group B, and the difference was of statistical significance (P<0. 05), while there was no significant statistical difference in group A (P>0. 05); Compared with group A, the P50’s amplitude of group B was significantly lower, and the difference was of statistical significance (P<0. 05).
?CONCLUSlON: When the patients’ C/D is no less than 0. 6, there are obvious changes of 24h lOP, static threshold visual field and P-ERG’s P50 wave. For patients with big C/D, a single lOP examination is far from sufficient, so an in-depth visual function examination should be performed. Meanwhile, it’s feasible to regard C/D 0. 6 as a screening criterion for suspected glaucoma.