Objective To observe the effect of revascularization on left ventricular remodelling and function in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) Methods Two hundred MI patients were studied The patients receiving revascularization were defined as group one, and those receiving medical treatment were defined as group two The structure, systolic and diastolic function index of the heart were measured by Doppler Echocardiography Results In revascularized group, LA, LAV, LVD, LVS were significantly decreased And EDV, EDVI, ESV, ESVI were much better than those in medical treatment group ( P

BACKGROUNDBipolar electro-coagulation has a reported efficacy in treating epilepsy involving functional cortex by pure electro-coagulation or combination with resection. However, the mechanisms of bipolar electro-coagulation are not completely known. We studied the acute cortical blood flow and histological changes after bipolar electro-coagulation in 24 patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.

METHODSTwenty-four patients were consecutively enrolled, and divided into three groups according to the date of admission. The regional cortical blood flow (rCBF), electrocorticography, the depth of cortex damage, and acute histological changes (H and E staining, neuronal staining and neurofilament (NF) staining) were analyzed before and after the operation. The t-test analysis was used to compare the rCBF before and after the operation.

RESULTSThe rCBF after coagulation was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). The spikes were significantly reduced after electro-coagulation. For the temporal cortex, the depth of cortical damage with output power of 2-9 W after electro-coagulation was 0.34 ± 0.03, 0.48 ± 0.06, 0.69 ± 0.06, 0.84 ± 0.09, 0.98 ± 0.08, 1.10 ± 0.11, 1.11 ± 0.09, and 1.22 ± 0.11 mm, respectively. Coagulation with output power of 4-5 W completely damaged the neurons and NF protein in the molecular layer, external granular layer, and external pyramidal layer.

CONCLUSIONSThe electro-coagulation not only destroyed the neurons and NF protein, but also reduced the rCBF. We concluded that the injuries caused by electro-coagulation would prevent horizontal synchronization and spread of epileptic discharges, and partially destroy the epileptic focus.

Adult ; Electrocoagulation ; methods ; Epilepsy ; surgery ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Temporal Lobe ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo examine the differences in food and antioxidant vitamin intake in current non-smokers,light smokers,and heavy smokers.

METHODS51 115 people (24 077 male, 27 038 female) aged above 15 years who had completed providing information on smoking habit and dietary intake, were selected from 2002 national health and nutrition survey.

RESULTSAfter adjustment for geographic areas and age, data showed the smokers ate more light vegetable and alcohol, less dark vegetable and fruit than non-smokers. Male smokers consumed more energetic stuff and macronutrients than non-smokers, but female smokers had opposite trends. Light smokers (LS) consumed less antioxidant than non-smokers (NS) after adjusted for area, age, BMI and energy, with carotene (Male LS = 1824.7 microg, NS = 1964.8 microg; Female LS = 1565.4 microg, NS = 2127.4 microg), thiamin (Male LS = 0.84 mg, NS = 0.85 mg; Female LS = 0.72 mg, NS = 0.74 mg), vitamin E (alpha) (Male LS = 9.2 mg, NS = 9.3 mg; Female LS = 7.4 mg, NS = 8.1 mg), vitamin C (Male LS = 91.2 mg, NS = 94.2 mg; Female LS = 76.9 mg, NS = 87.5 mg).

CONCLUSIONSmokers had a significantly lower overall mean dietary antioxidant vitamin intake than non-smokers. Increasing the daily consumption of variety of fruits and vegetables had been recommended to reduce the risk of chronic diseases.

Antioxidants ; administration & dosage ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; Diet ; Female ; Fruit ; Humans ; Male ; Nutritional Status ; Smoking ; Vegetables ; Vitamins ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo analyze the prevalence and onset of age of stroke in Chinese adults aged 35 years old and above.

METHODSData from the 2002 National Nutrition and Health Survey was used to analyze the prevalence of stroke by age, sex, regions, and the differences of onset of age of stroke among the alive patients.

RESULTStandardized prevalence of stroke in Chinese adults aged 35 years old and above was 1111.5 per 100,000, 1258.9 per 100,000 in male which was higher than female (959.3 per 100,000). The prevalence of stroke in urban (1544.8 per 100.000) was higher than that in rural (758.1 per 100,000). The standardized prevalence of stroke in the north (1479.3 per 100,000) was significantly higher than that in the south (719.6 per 100,000). The standardized prevalence of stroke in eastern, central and western region was 1469.0 per 100,000, 1085.4 per 100,000, 614.9 per 100,000, respectively. It is estimated that there were 5.627 million patients with stroke aged 35 years old and above in China in 2002. The age at onset of stroke in the alive patients was skewed distribution. Median was 60 years old. The first incidence of stroke within 60-age group accounted for 32.4%. The age at onset of stroke was no significantly different between male (60 years old, chi(2) = 0.00, P > 0.05) and female (60 years old). The median of the age at onset of stroke (61 years old) in urban was higher than that in rural (58 years old, chi(2) = 17.34, P < 0.01). The median in eastern region was higher than that in central and western regions (57 years old, chi(2) = 12.92, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of stroke was significant different by sex and regions. Among the alive patients, more than half of their first incidence of stroke were before the age of sixties.

Adult ; Age of Onset ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Stroke ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo describe the status of nutrition and health related indices in the Chinese population.

METHODSA stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. The survey was done in 2002, including data gathered from questionnaires, interviews, physical examinations, measurement of biochemical indices, and dietary investigation.

RESULTSCereals accounted for 48.5% of all the sources of energy in urban and 61.4% in rural populations. Daily mean percentages of calories for total fat were 35.0% in urban and 27.5% in rural areas. The prevalence rates of stunting and underweight were 14.3% and 7.8% respectively in young children under 5-year-old. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency was 9.3% in Chinese children aged 3-12 years old. The total prevalence of anemia was 15.2% in general population of all ages. The prevalence of anemia in young adults was significantly higher in women than in men. The total prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 17.6% and 5.6%, respectively. The prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia, or low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol were 18.8%, 2.6%, 2.9%, 11.9%, 7.4% respectively in Chinese adults aged 18 and over. The rates of awareness, treatment, and under control among hypertensives were 30.2%, 24.7%, and 25.0%, respectively. Significant regional and age differences were revealed in the dietary habit and the prevalence of various diseases. The prevalence of diseases associated with malnutrition were higher in rural than in urban areas. In contrast, the prevalence of conditions associated with overconsumption and inappropriate dietary patterns were higher in urban than in rural populations.

CONCLUSIONChinese people were currently suffering from both problems on nutrition related issues and burdens of diseases which were characterized in nutrient deficiencies and overconsumption, malnutrition and noncommunicable conditions associated with overconsumption and inappropriate diet. The difference of nutrition and health status between rural and urban people was also seen.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Chronic Disease ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; Diet ; statistics & numerical data ; Eating ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Growth and Development ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Infant ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Vitamin A Deficiency ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

The dominant gene Xa21 with broad-spectrum and high resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) was transferred into C418, an important restorer line of japonica hybrid rice in China using double right-border (DRB) T-DNA binary vector through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. 17 transgenic lines were Xa21-positive with high resistance to the race P6 of Xoo through PCR analysis and resistance identification, among the total 27 independent primary transformants (T0) obtained. The subsequent analysis of the T1 progenies of these 17 T0 lines through PCR-assisted selection and resistance investigation showed that four Xa21 transgenic T0 lines could produce selectable marker-free (SMF) progenies. The frequency of primary transformants producing SMF progenies was 15%. In addition, PCR analysis also revealed these SMF progenies did not contain vector backbone sequence, and they were named as SMF and vector backbone sequence-free (SMF-VBSF) Xa21 transgenic plants. The further molecular and phenotypic analysis of the T2 and T3 progenies testified the homozygous SMF-VBSF Xa21 transgenic plants were obtained with high resistance to Xoo.
DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Oryza ; genetics ; Plant Proteins ; genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; Rhizobium ; genetics ; Transformation, Genetic ; Xanthomonas

OBJECTIVE: To observe the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) on improving mini-mental state examination (MMSE) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and to evaluate the efficacy during follow-up visit. METHODS: Forty patients were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group, 20 patients in each one (3 patients dropped off in the treatment group and 4 patients in the control group). The patients in the treatment group were treated with acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Fengfu (GV 16), Shenting (GV 24), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Shangyintang (Extra 3) and Dazhong (KI 14); besides, EA was applied at Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Baihui (GV 20) and Shenting (GV 24) with dilatational wave, 10 Hz/50 Hz in frequency, 0.5 to 5.0 mA in intensity, once every two days, three treatments per week. The patients in the control group were treated with oral administration of donepezil hydrochloride tablets, once a day, taken before sleep. The treatment was given for 12 weeks in the two groups. The MMSE was evaluated before treatment, 12 weeks±3 days into treatment, and 24 weeks±7 days after treatment, respectively. RESULTS: The difference of total score of MMSE before and 12 weeks±3 days into treatment was not significant between the two groups (>0.05); the total score of MMSE after treatment was higher than that before treatment (both <0.05); compared before treatment, the short-term memory score was increased in the treatment group (<0.05), and the increasing range was superior to that in the control group (<0.05). Compared before treatment, the total score of MMSE in the two groups were reduced 24 weeks ±7 days after treatment (both <0.05), and the reduction in the treatment group was less than that in the control group (<0.05); the differences of short-term memory score before and after treatment was significant between the two groups (<0.05). No adverse reaction occurred in the two groups. CONCLUSION The effect of EA on improving MMSE in patients with AD is similar to donepezil supported by evidence-based medicine. The effect of EA may have a certain continuous effect, and may have advantages in instantaneous memory. In addition, the EA is safe.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Alzheimer Disease ; psychology ; therapy ; Case-Control Studies ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Mental Status and Dementia Tests

OBJECTIVETo describe the current situation and trends of mean weight and height of the Chinese people.

METHODSSubjects of 71,971 households from 31 provinces were selected by stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Height from 210 136 and weight from 202 749 subjects aged 2-79 years were used to describe their trends of development during 1992-2002. The height of children younger than 3 years of age was measured by infant height bed while the others were measured by metal height pole within 0.1 cm accuracy. Fasting body weight was measured to the nearest 0.1 kg.

RESULTSData on the mean height (cm) of Chinese children aged 2, 6, 11, 17 years were gathered which include: 1) in urban area: boys as 90.1 (2y), 118.4 (6y), 144.9 (11y), 170.2 (17y); girls as: 89.0 (2y), 117.0 (6y), 145.8 (11y), 158.6 (17y); 2) in rural area:boys as 87.6 (2y), 113.1 (6y), 139.2 (11y), 166.3 (17y) while girls as 86.2 (2y), 112.9 (6y), 140.0 (11y), 157.0 (17y). When compared to the results from 1992, the average height increased among all age groups. The values of increase among different groups aged 2-5 years were seen as: 3.6 cm of boys in urban and 3.0 cm of boys in rural areas while 3.8 cm of girls in urban and 3.0 cm of girls in rural areas. Among the aged 6-19 year groups, the average increasing values of height were 3.1 cm, 3.4 cm, 2.8 cm and 3.1 cm of city boys, rural boys, city girls and rural girls, respectively versus adults as 0.7 cm, 0.9 cm, 0.6 cm and 1.0 cm, respectively. The mean weight (kg) of Chinese children aged 2, 6, 11, 17 years were listed as below: boys in urban area: 13.5 (2y), 22.2 (6y), 37.4 (11y), 58.7 (17y); girls in urban area: 12.7 (2y), 21.2 (6y), 36.7 (11y), 51.9 (17y); boys in rural area: 12.8 (2y), 19.4 (6y), 31.9 (11y), 54.9 (17y); girls in rural area: 11.9 (2y), 18.7 (6y), 31.8 (11y), 51.2 (17y). The average weights of all age groups on 2002 were all higher than their same age counterparts in 1992. The average increasing values of weight among children aged 2-5 years were 1.0 kg, 0.6 kg, 0.8 kg and 0.5 kg for city boys, rural boys, city girls and rural girls, respectively. Among the aged 6-19 year groups, they were 2.0 kg, 1.5 kg, 1.4 kg and 1.1 kg, while among the adults aged 20-70 years, they were 3.2 kg, 3.0 kg, 1.6 kg and 2.9 kg, respectively.

CONCLUSIONBoth mean weight and height had a remarkable increase and the physical status improved among all age groups for the last ten years.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; statistics & numerical data ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Sex Distribution ; Urban Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo describe the current status and trend of food consumption among Chinese residents.

METHODS23,470 households including 68,962 subjects were randomly sampled from 132 counties in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. A 24-hour dietary recall method for 3 consecutive days was used to collect information on food intake, but the condiment intake was collected by weighting method.

RESULTSThe average food consumption per reference man per day of Chinese people included 402 g (urban/rural: 366 g/ 416 g) cereals; 276 g (urban/rural: 252 g/ 286 g) vegetables; 45 g (urban/rural:69 g/36 g) fruits; 79 g (urban/rural: 105 g/69 g) meats; 30 g (urban/rural:45 g/24 g) fishery products; 24 g (urban/rural: 33 g/20 g) eggs; 27 g(urban/rural: 66 g/ 11 g) dairy; 16 g legume; 42 g (urban/rural:44 g/41 g) edible oil; 12 g (urban/rural: 11 g/12 g) salt; 9 g (urban/rural: 11 g/8 g) soy sauce.

CONCLUSIONSFor Chinese residents, the quality of diet had been improved and consumptions of animal products, milk, and edible oil had been increased, but the consumptions of dairy and legume products intake was still low which called for improvement. The unbalance was characterized as the downward trend in cereal, vegetable and fruit consumption but significant increased in animal products and oil intake among urban people. Dietary pattern of some subjects adopted a "high energy density" diet. Double burdens from under-nutrition and over-nutrition should both be considered as problems which asked for attention by the government and researchers.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; statistics & numerical data ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Dietary Fats ; Eating ; Edible Grain ; Female ; Fruit ; Humans ; Male ; Meat ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Surveys ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; trends ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; Soy Foods ; Urban Population ; statistics & numerical data ; trends ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of polymorphisms of CDT1 and GMNN gene, two important genes participating in DNA replication, with the risk of sporadic breast cancer.

METHODSUsing polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR - RFLP) and the primer-introduced restriction analysis (PIRA)-PCR assay to genotype the CDT1 838G/A and GMNN 387C/A polymorphisms in a case-control study of 427 breast cancer cases and 477 cancer-free controls in a Chinese population.

RESULTSNo significant association of the CDT1 838G/A and GMNN 387C/A polymorphisms with the risk of breast cancer was found (adjusted OR:1.16, 95% CI:0.88-1.54 for CDT1 GA+AA genotypes and adjusted OR:0.90, 95% CI:0.67-1.21 for GMNN CA+AA genotypes). However, in the stratified analyses, a significant association of CDT1 GA+AA genotypes with breast cancer risk among subjects with family history of cancer was found (adjusted OR:2.21, 95% CI:1.20-4.09).

CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that the CDT1 838G/A and GMNN 387C/A polymorphisms may not play a major role in the etiology of breast cancer, but CDT1 variant may have a potential role only in genetically susceptible women.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Breast Neoplasms ; ethnology ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; genetics ; China ; Female ; Geminin ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length