Background The key premise of genetic research and treatment is to select the desired gene vector,ultrasound microbubbles as a new type of gene vector can safe,fast and effectively enhance the gene transfection and expression by reversibility increasing the permeability of cells. Objective This study was to observe the effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor(CNTF)gene mediated by ultrasound microbubbles intraocular transfer on visual function and retinal ganglion cell(BGCs)after optic nerve injury. Methods Fifty-five adult Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided into 6 groups randomly,including normal control group(n=5),sham injury group(n=10),simple injury group(n=10),naked plasmid group(n=10),plasmid+ultrasonic irradiation group(n=10)and ultrasound microbubbles group(n=10).The model of optic nerve injury Was made by forceps clip on the fight optic nerve.and the corresponding intervene was performed in different groups.Flash visual evoked potential(F

Objective To study the clinical application of the peak expiratory flow rate( PEFR) in children with asthma.Methods The PEFRs of 43 cases of asthma at the acute stage were measured to guide the clinical grading and therapy by the optimum individual PEFR of the patients at the remission stage, and the descending rate and warning value of individual PEFR were determined to investigate the relationship between the individual PEFR descending rate and the asthma attack conditions in the standard and nonstandard monitoring groups.Results At the asthma attack stage, the clinical symptoms became severe with PEFR declining; at the remission stage, the preventive application of drugs was based on the changes of the individual PEEF descending rate . The case number and frequency of asthma attack and the cases subjected to moderate or severe attacks in the standard group were 15 %,23.5 % and 25 % respectively; while those in the nonstandard group were 43.5 %, 75.5 % and 76.9 % respectively, which showed a significant difference( P

Qigui Tongfeng tablet (QLTFT) is a traditional Chinese medicine with good effect for treating gout. Here, network pharmacology method and molecular similarity analysis were utilized to study the effective substance basis and molecular mechanism of the QLTFT on the gout. The similarity to the medicinal compounds is reflected in the Tanimoto coefficient that gives the structural similarity of two compounds. Operationally, similar modifiers were described as pairs of concepts with a similarity score of 0. 500. The results of the molecular similarity analysis suggested that the flavonoids in QLTFT could be new leads for gout. Furthermore, complex biological systems may be represented and analyzed as computable networks. Two important properties of a network were degree and betweenness. Nodes with high degree or high betweenness may play important roles in the overall composition of a network. And the results of network analysis showed that dongbeinine, verticinone-N-oxide, verticine N-oxide, peimine, peiminine, isobaimonidine, dongbeirine, peimisine and simi-arenol which with high degree acted on xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase, matrix metalloproteinase-9, an arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein, tyrosine-protein kinase and etc. Inhibition of these targets can prevent the formation of uric acid, reduce inflammation by uric acid and regulate the body's immune response. Thus, these compounds may be the main effective substance basis. The research results not only reveals its molecular mechanism, but also provide a theoretical basis for the quality control of drugs and clinical application.
Gout ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pharmacology ; methods ; Tablets ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate histomorphological feature of silicotic nodules under Warthin-Starry (WS) silver staining and its value in the histopathological examination.

METHODSSix cases with silicosis obtained by autopsy and 21 cases with sarcoidosis were collected (among which 3 cases were obtained by autopsy and 18 cases were obtained by biopsy). The serial sections of those paraffin embedded samples were applied respectively for (1) hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, (2) WS staining, (3) streptomyces avidin-peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemical staining for mouse anti-human CD68 monoclonal antibody, (4) observing under transmission electron microscope (TEM), (5) X-ray spectrum chemical element analysis(X-RSA). The emphasis of observation and analysis were the dust particles in silicotic nodules and granulomas cells (dust cells, epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells in the granulomas). The dust particles deposit in the granulomas were graded under the HE and WS staining.

RESULTSUnder the HE staining the dust particles deposit degrees were (+++) in cellular silicotic nodules, (+) in the fibrous ones, and (-) in the sarcoid nodules; under the WS staining and the dust particles deposit degrees were (+++) in both silicotic nodules whose dust particles were characteristically black, and (+/++) in sarcoid nodules. The dust particles deposit degrees in silicotic nodules were markedly higher than those in sarcoidosis (P < 0.01). The results of immunohistochemical staining indicated that the expression of CD68 in both cells of silicotic nodules and sarcoid nodules were positive. The positive degrees decreased successively with the content of the dust particles. The dust particles of silicotic nodules could be more readily observed than those of sarcoidosis in size and electronic density under TEM. The results of X-RSA indicated that the main chemical element in both dust particles was silicon.

CONCLUSIONWS staining is better than HE staining in showing the dust particles of silicotic nodules, which appear characteristically black, especially in the fibrous ones. Together the TEM observation and X-RSA, the silicotic nodules may be prompted.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicosis ; pathology ; Silver Staining ; methods

Objective To investigate the spiral CT features of gastric carcinoma in the invasion and metastasis and its correlation with the expression of phosphatase and tensin horology deleted on chormosome ten(PTEN)and basic fibroblast grouth factor(bFGF).Methods Spiral CT plain scan and triphasic enhanced scans were performed in 83 patients.The postoperative specimens were embedded with paraffin to obtain 5?m thickness tissues and stained with HE and immunohistochemistry.Spiral CT findings were compared with the expression of phosphatase and tensin horology deleted on chormosome ten(PTEN)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF).Results(1)The accuracy of spiral CT in T and N staging of gastric carcinoma was 94.0%(78/83)and 89.2%(74/83),respectively.(2)The expression of PTEN was 47.0%(39/83)in gastric carcinoma.The expression of PTEN in T_(3.4)(40.8%,29/71)and N_(1+2) (38.3%,23/60)gastric carcinoma was significantly lower than that of T_2(10/12)and N_0(16/23)gastric carcinoma,respectively(X~2=7.439,P=0.006;X~2=6.511,P=0.011).(3)The expression of bFGF was 63.9%(53/83)in gastric carcinoma.The expression of bFGF in T(3.4)(70.4%,50/71)and N_(1+2) (71.7%,43/60)gastric carcinoma was significantly higher than that of T_2(3/12)and N_0(10/23)gastric carcinoma,respectively(X~2=7.314,P=0.007;X~2=5.724,P=0.017).(4)Both PTEN-positive expression and bFGF-positive expression were detected in 16 specimens.The expression of PTEN(41.0%, 16/39)was negatively correlated with that of bFGF(30.2%,16/53)(r=-0.447,P=0.000). Conclusion Spiral CT triphasic enhanced scans combined with biologic characteristics can improve diagnostic accuracy of gastric carcinoma in the invasion,metastasis and prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: To seek a exact method of estimating postmortem interval (PMI). METHODS: This study detected the concentration of magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) in vitreous humor of rabbit at 96 h after death and explored the relationship between their concentration and PMI using a method ICP-MS. RESULTS: The concentra-tion of Mg in vitreous humor of rabbit at 48 h after death and Fe in vitreous humor of rabbit at 6-48 h after death were related to PMI significantly. The formulae of the relationship between PMI and Mg concentrations is y = 0.0738x2 + 0.6997x + 11.45 (within 48 h, R2 = 0.9119). The formulae of the relationship between PMI and Fe concentrations is y = 0.0411x2 - 0.3148x + 1.4113 (within 6-48 h, R2 = 0.9594). CONCLUSION The concentration of Mg in vitreous humor of rabbit at 48 h after death and Fe in vitreous humor of rabbit at 6-48 h after death may be as reference indicator to estimate PMI.
Animals ; Iron/analysis* ; Magnesium/analysis* ; Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Postmortem Changes ; Rabbits ; Time Factors ; Vitreous Body/chemistry*

OBJECTIVE: To seek a precise method for estimating postmortem interval (PMI) in forensic medicine practice. METHODS: This study detected the concentration of 21 elements in the vitreous humor of rabbit within 96 hours after death and explored the relationship between their concentration and PMI using the method of ICP-MS. RESULT: It was shown that the concentration of 9 elements in vitreous humor of rabbit within different intervals after death were correlated to PMI available as a reference indicator to estimate PMI. CONCLUSION The changes in the concentration of certain elements in vitreous humor of vitreous humor are correlated with PMI and determination of such changes can be used to estimate the time of death.
Animals ; Calcium/analysis* ; Forensic Medicine ; Iron/analysis* ; Magnesium/analysis* ; Postmortem Changes ; Potassium/analysis* ; Rabbits ; Time Factors ; Vitreous Body/chemistry*

A novel mucoadhesive microcapsule with drug-resin complex core loaded with berberine hydrochloride (BH) was developed and optimized. Drug-ion exchange resin (IER) complex was prepared by static method which stirring IER in drug solution at certain conditions. The influences of different IERs, different temperature, pH values and concentrations of drug solution on the drug loading were investigated. IER complex was coated by emulsion-solvent evaporation method. The coating fluid formulation was optimized using central composite design-response surface methodology, where the ratio between Carbopol 934 and IER (X1), the ratio between Eudragit and IER (X2) and the ratio between Eudragit RL and RS (X3) were taken as independent variables. Time of cumulative release 85% (Y1) and percentage of gastric retention (Y2) were taken as response variables. Drug loading achieved a high level and more drug available in the condition of IER (IRP 88), 37 degrees C, pH 5 and 1.0 mg x mL(-1) drug solution. When X1 = 0.75, X2 = 0.9, X3 = 0.6, the time of cumulative release reached 85% at 300 min, the highest percentage of gastric retention in the range of this experiment were procured.
Acrylates ; chemistry ; Animals ; Berberine ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Capsules ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Emulsions ; Gastric Mucosa ; metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ion Exchange Resins ; chemistry ; Male ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo study the change of tissue oxygen index (TOI) by non-invasive near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and to investigate the blood flow variety of fibula flaps after operation.

METHODSThirty-six patients who accepted fibula flap reconstruction were chosen as subjects. Authors measured the TOI of the fibula flaps and the control side every four hours in the first twenty-four hours, and measured these positions with the intermittence of twelve hours from second to eighth day after operation.

RESULTSThirty-five flaps were successful and one failed. The TOI of fibula flaps shortly after operation was significantly lower than that before the operation( P<0.05). In the successful cases the TOI of fibula flaps and the control sides was fluctuated from 50.0% to 72.0%. The TOI of fibula flaps was significantly lower than that of the control sides within 144 hours after operation(P<0.05). After 144 hours the TOI was equal to that of the control side. TOI of the failed case decreased dramatically.

CONCLUSIONSNIRS can reliably indicate the change of TOI in buried flaps and detect ischemia at the early stage. The TOI of the fibula flaps depress at the early stage and returns to normal at 144 hours after operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fibula ; transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oximetry ; methods ; Oxygen ; blood ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Young Adult

In 2012, the preparation process and quality standard for Guizhi Fuling capsule were improved. To compare the effects and differences of capsules before (2011) and after(2012-2014) the improvement, evaluation models for intrinsic dysmenorrhea, pelvic inflammation and hysteromyoma were applied in rats. Models were induced by oxytocin, liqiud bacteria mixture and estrogen loading, respectively. The capsules (12 batchs/year, 48 bathcs in all), sampled randomly in 2011-2014, the effects were assessed using the three models. In anti-dysmenorrhea models, remarked reduction of writhing frequency, ET-1 and PGF2α content in uterus could be detected, as well as extension of writhing latency. In pelvic inflammation rats, depression of TNF-α and raise of IL-2 were induced by earh batch of capsules. In hysteromyoma model, uterine weight and smooth muscle proliferation, including E2 and P level in plasma, were lowered obviously by all batchs of capsules. Secondly, Guizhi Fuling capsules produced in 2012-2014 revealed better effectiveness than the ones manufactured in 2011. Moreover, pharmacodynamics indexes of the samples made in 2011 differed significantly between groups, which could not be observed in the ones ot 2012-2014. After tne preparation process and quality standard improvement, the effectiveness and homogeneity of Guizhi Fuling capsules were enhanced.
Animals ; Capsules ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; standards ; Depression ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Dinoprost ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; standards ; Dysmenorrhea ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Quality Improvement ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism