Objective: To study the anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity constituents from the leaves of Hippophae rhamnoids. Methods: Several open-column chromatographic techniques and semi-preparative HPLC were used to separate and purify the compounds in H. rhamnoids. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by the spectroscopic analysis. Their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells, and triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells were examined. Results: Eighteen tannins and other compounds were isolated and identified as 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (1), 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D- glucopyranose (2), 1,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (3), 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (4), 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl- β-D-glucopyranose (5), 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (6), 1-O-galloyl-4,6-(S)-HHDP-β-D-glucopyranose (7), 1-O- galloyl-2,3-(S)-HHDP-β-D-glucopyranose (8), 1,3-di-O-galloyl-4,6-(S)-HHDP-β-D-glucopyranose (9), 1,6-di-O-galloyl-2,3-(S)- HHDP-β-D-glucopyranose (10), casuarictin (11), 1,2,3-tri-O-galloyl-4,6-(S)-HHDP-β-D-glucopyranose (12), 1,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-2,3-(S)- HHDP-β-D-glucopyranose (13), hippophaenin B (14), pedunculagin (15), casuarinin (16), ellagic acid (17), and pinitol (18). Conclusion: Tannins from the leaves of H. rhamnoides showed anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity activities. Compounds 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 13 were isolated from this genus for the first time.

AIM: To investigate whether hypercapnia is protective against acute lung injury (ALI) in a rabbit model, and study it's potential mechanisms. METHODS: Twenty-two healthy New Zealand white rabbits were involved in this study, and randomly allocated to control group (group C), normocapnic group (group N) and hypercapnic group (group H). Oleic acid (0 1 mL/kg) was injected intravenously to establish ALI model. Lung mechanics, hemodynamics, blood-gas analysis, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in lung tissue were measured. Apoptosis was analyzed after 3h mechanical ventilation. RESULTS: (1) Peak airway pressure in group H was significantly lower than that in group N (P

Objective To investigate the protective effects of hypereapnia on acute lung injury(ALI)in an model of rabbits in vivo,and to observe its effect on oxygen free radicals in the lung tissue in order to uncover the potential mechanisms.Method In the laboratory of pharmacology,China Medical Univereity,twenty-two healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to control group(Group C,n=6)with the injection of normal saline(0.1 ml/kg),and sixteen rabbits were injected with oleic acid(0.1ml/kg)intravenously,and then were randomly dirided into normocapnia group(Group N,n=8)and hypercapnia group(Group H,n=8,FiCO2=8%).Then tracheostomy was performed,and the experimental animals were ventilated for 3 hours after oleic acid or sterile normal saline administration.Lung mechanics,hemodynamics,blood-gas analysis were monitored.The rabbits were exsangninated.and the lungs and heart were taken out from the thorax.The concentration of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in the lung tissue were assayed.Lung tissue wet/dry ratio and pulmonary permeability index were measured and histologic damage was assessed after three hours'mechanical ventilation.Results Peak airway pressure in Group H was significantly lower than that in Group N and the dynamic lung comphance Was significantly higher than that in Group N(P＜0.05).PaO2 in Group H was significantly higher than that in Group N(P＜0.05).The concentration of MDA in the lung tissue in group H was significantly lower than that in Group N(P＜0.05),and SOD in group H was significantly higher than that in Group N(P＜O.05).Lung tissue wet/dry ratio and pulmonary permeability in group H were significantly lower than that in Group N(P＜0.05).Histological tissus damage in Group N wassignificantly severer than that in Group H.Conclusions Hypercapnia induced by inhalation of high concentration of carbon dioxide(8%)plays protective role in this in vivo model of ALI.The mechanisms may be associated with enhanced SOD activity and the attenuation of lipid peroxidation in the lung tissue.

Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of testicular masses associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia(CAH).Methods A 25-year-old man presented with bilateral testicular nodules.Physical examination revealed palpable multiple nodules in the bilateral testes and epididymides as well as enlarged and hard right testis with uneven surface.Biochemical examination showed testosterone(T) of 18.7 nmol/L,17?-(OH)P＞20.0 ng/ml,positive results of rapid ACTH stimulation test and dexametha- sone suppression test.B-ultrasound demonstrated diffuse testicular lesions with nodules in parts of the bilater- al testes.Bilateral testicular nodules were biopsied,and pathological diagnosis was interstitial cell hyperplasi- a.Positive staining for?-inhibin was observed immunohistochemically.The clinical characteristics of testicular masses associated with CAH were reviewed in combination with the literature.Results Based on medical history,imaging,laboratory and pathologic examinations,the patient was diagnosed with testicular masses as- sociated with CAH.He received oral cortisol at dose of 40 mg daily for 2 weeks,and then at dose of 30 mg daily as maintenance therapy.After treatment of 8 months,B-ultrasound showed complete regression of the testicular tumors.Follow-up of 24 months showed no recurrence of the tumor.Conclusions For patient with bilateral testicular masses,endocrinological evaluation and clinical history taking are indicated to exclude testicular interstitial cell hyperplasia associated with CAH.By oral steroid replacement therapy,hormone-sen- sitive testicular masses can regress.

ObjectiveTo study the protection of Chinese herbs on the ischemic brain of rats. Methods 75 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, Group 1 for false operation. For the other four groups, the common carotid artery was exposed then was ligatured and cut off, Group 2 for model. From the 20th hour after operation on,Group 3, 4, 5 were fed with complex prescription of Chinese medicine named Prescription 1, 2 and 3 once a day respectively. 3 hours after taking medicine, Groups 2-5 were put in the hypoxia environment for 1 hours, then taking the medicine for 7 days. On the 7th day after operation,the blood was taken from R. atria then the rats were killed and the whole right brains were cut off. Malonaldehyde (MDA), notric oxide synthetase (NOS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the brain tissue and serum, and calcium in the brain were measured respectively. ResultsThe three prescriptions can decrease the quantity of MDA both in brain tissue and serum and the calcium in brain tissue(P<0.05-0.001).Prescription 1 can enhance the activity of SOD in brain tissue while the others can decrease the activity of NOS. The hippocampus cells show tidy, and the number of the necrotic cells decrease greatly among them, Groups 4 and 5 are better than Group 3.Conclusions Prescriptions 1-3 can protect the brain tissue of the rat form ischemic brain injury.

OBJECTIVETo study on characteristics and application of key acupoints in Elongated Needle Therapy.

METHODSProbe into method of determining key acupoints and their clinical application from characteristics of channels, characteristics of acupoints, position of diseases, pathogenesis, syndromes and other aspects.

CONCLUSIONEstablishment of the theory of key acupoints of enlongated needle therapy reflects the principle of "fewer but better" in acupoint selection of enlongated needle therapy, which can reduce pain of the patient and increase the therapeutic

AIM: To analyze the composition, distribution and characteristics of the elderly primary ocular tumors.
METHODS: This was a retrospective study and all 504 cases with primary ocular tumors aged 60 years or older were collected in Shanxi Eye Hospital, during the year 2000- 2012. The onset age, location and pathological pattern were analyzed.
RESULTS: There were 346 cases of benign ocular tumors (68. 7%), and 158 cases of malignancy (31. 3%). Papillomas was the most common type of the benign with 83 cases (16. 5%), followed by a variety of inflammatory cysts and lesions with 69 cases ( 13. 7%) and 64 cases (12-7%) respectively. Among malignant tumors cases, eyelid basal cell carcinoma originated from epithelial was the most common with 72 cases (14. 3%), followed by skin appendages sources malignant tumors with 39 cases (7. 7%). Concerning the location of ocular tumors, there were 282 cases of eyelid tumor (56. 0%) occupied the first position followed by conjunctival tumor with 157 cases (31. 2%).
CONCLUSION: The prevalence and type of primary ocular tumor in elderly people are significant differences from the general population and children's, and the proportion of malignant tumors tended to increase along with the increase of age.

ABSTRACT:OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of Annaoning granule on hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),inter-leukin-1β(IL-1β),and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in the serum of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemor-rhage(HICH).METHODS 90 patients with HICH were randomly divided into 3 groups:the control group,the treatment group and the positive control group.The control group was given regular treatment with reducingintracranial pressure and taking hemostatic drug.The treatment group and the positive control group were given Annaoning granule and Ulinastatin re-spectively on the base of regular treatment.The blood samples of patients were collected before treatment and 3 days,7 days, 14 days after treatment.The serum hs-CRP was measured with immunoturbidimetry,the IL-1βwas measured with electro-chemiluminescence(ECLIA),and the MMP-9 was measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The scores of Scandinavian Stroke Scale(SSS) were recorded in the three groups.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the serum levels of hs-CRP,IL-1β,MMP-9 in the treatment group and the positive control group were obviously decreased,and the SSS scores were increased on the 14th day(P <0.01~0.05).The comparison between the treatment group and the positive control group had no statistic significance(P >0.05).CONCLUSION Annaoning granule shows significant efficacy in treating HICH and advantage in cerebral protection.

Objective To investigate the expression of osteopontin(OPN)and osteonectin(ON) in breast cancer and its relationship with formation of microcalcification.Methods Acoording to the number of microcalcification of breast cancer in mammography,93 cases were divided into three groups:non- microcalcification group,little microcalcification group,and much microcalcification group.The relationship between expression of OPN\ON and microcalcification was studied.At the same time,breast cancer with microcalcification was observed in 3 cases by using patho-histological method and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Results Microcalcification was detected not only in necrosis foci,but also in nest of breast cancer without necrosis.Microcalcification was found in intracytoplasm of breast cancer cells through TEM.Expression of OPN\ON was significant related with the presence and number of microcalcification. There was obviously different expression between microcalcification group and non-microcalcification group (x~2=11.454,5.540,P

Articular osteocartilage injury caused by trauma or bone disease is very common in clinical practices,the proportion of cartilage defects reached 40.31%. As the low self healing abilities of articular cartilage, the technology of tissue engineering becomes a new method to treat articular cartilage injuries with regenerative medicine. Scaffolds can be divided into preformed and hydrogel scaffolds according to properties. The traditional graft of pre-formed scaffold will bring the secondary injury to the cartilage around the defect, and the loose graft intergration with the defect surface is still a problem. Repairing irregular articular cartilage defects with ideal biomimic materials on the basis of avoiding secondary damage will become a main issue. The method of minimally invasive injecting, biomimics, and in situ remodeling brings hope to articular cartilage repairing. Below is a summary of the international and domestics reference data of recent years on collagen hydrogel in cartilage tissue engineering.
Collagen ; Humans ; Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate ; Tissue Engineering ; methods