Aged ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Epirubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged

Abnormalities, Multiple ; physiopathology ; Bronchoscopy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hirschsprung Disease ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Hypoventilation ; complications ; physiopathology ; Infant ; Laryngoscopy ; Male ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; complications ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Sleep Apnea, Central ; etiology ; Syndrome

Objective To establish a normal lumbar spine 3-dimensional(3D) finite element model(FEM) and discuss the biomechanics of the lumbar motions. Methods A geometrical model was constructed on the basis of a healthy adult male's lumbar CT image.The lumbar spine FEM was established by finite element analysis software.After setting the boundary and loading the burden,the lumbar spine's range of motion and stress distribution in different institutions such as anterior flexion,posterior extension,left or right bending and axial rotating were recorded. Results The lumbar spine FEM included 114 953 tetrahedron units.The results of the FEM matched the results of the in vitro experiment of biomechanics. Conclusion The lumbar spine FEM can imitate the motions of the lumbar spine.

Adolescent ; Biopsy ; Cough ; etiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fever ; etiology ; Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cyclophosphamide ; administration & dosage ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Trastuzumab

Objective To study the influence of electro-acupuncture(EA)at Zusanli points(足三里穴) on the apoptosis of thymocytes in rats with abdominal infection and its mechanism.Methods A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into four groups,including normal control group,model group,non-acupoint group and Zusanli group.The abdominal infection model of rat was made by cecal ligation and puncture(CLP).After abdominal cavity infection for 36 hours,the apoptosis of thymocytes was observed under electron microscope and light microscope,and the apoptosis ratio of thymocytes was determined by Annexin V-PI method with flow cytometry technique.The content of Bcl-2 protein of thymocytes and concentration of corticosterone in plasma were determined.Results Abdominal infection resulted from CLP could significantly increase the apoptosis of thymocytes and lead to the typical histopathological changes of apoptosis of thymocytes under electron microscope and light microscope.Apoptosis ratios of thyrnocytes in model group[(44.7?3.3)%],non-acupoint group[(42.7?3.0)%]and Zusanli group[(32.6?3.3)%] were significantly higher than the ratio in the control group[(21.2?2.3)%,all P0.05).Abdominal infection resulted from CLP also could reduce the content of Bcl-2 protein of thymocytes.The content of Bcl-2 protein of thymocytes in model group(71.2?5.6),non-acupoint group(73.5?5.9)and Zusanli group(82.4?6.8) were significantly lower than normal control group(95.3?6.3,all P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of external fixation combined with minimally invasive internal fixation for the treatment of distal radial fracture and dislocation of type IV based on Fernandez classification.

METHODSFrom January 2007 to October 2012,19 patients with the distal radius fracture and dislocation of type IV according to Fernandez classification were reviewed. There were 14 males and 5 females,ranging in age from 22 to 42 years old,with an average of 36.5 years old. All the patients were treated with minimally invasive reduction, and external fixation with finite internal fixation. The K-wire was used to fix radiolunate articular surface for correcting the instability of dorsal and volar intercalated segment. The radiolunate angle, scapholunate angle, and the length of the radial shorting were measured by the standard X-ray. Gartland and Werley evaluation system was used to evaluate recovery of function.

RESULTSNo complications such as injury of blood vessels and radial nerves and pin track infections occurred. After operation, the radiolunate angle, scapholunate angle and the length of the radial shorting time were (9.5 +/- 3.3) degrees, (51.3 +/- 11.2) degrees and (11.2 +/- 1.8) mm by the standard X-ray. On the 3rd month after operation, GW score was 3.02 +/- 3.05. There was no re-displacement and subluxation occurred during the follow-up period. Good functional recovery were improved wrist function significantly.

CONCLUSIONExternal fixation combined with minimally invasive internal fixation can treat distal radial fracture and dislocation of type IV based on Fernandez classification. Wrist joint stability depends on the structure of the bone and ligament around wrist joint. Emphasis on the diagnosis and treatment of carpal instability, and postoperative functional rehabilitation can improve wrist function.

Adult ; Bone Nails ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Radius Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Treatment Outcome ; Wrist Injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Wrist Joint ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of calcitonin(CT) in glutamate release from primary cultured neurons of midbrain periaqueductal gray matter(PAG).Methods Primary dissociated culture of PAG neurons was prepared from neonatal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.The cultured cells were divided into 4 groups:control group,salmon calcitonin (sCT) group,CT antagonist group (sCT8-32),and protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor chelerythrine(Che) group.Each group was further divided into subgroups representing low,middle,and high levels of drugs.Glutamate release from the cultured PAG neurons evoked by sCT and/or other interfering factors was detected by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay.Results (1) Compared with the control group,sCT group yielded a time-dependent and concentration-dependent glutamate release from the cultured PAG neurons,and the most effective concentration of sCT was 20 nmol/L(P＜0.01).(2) sCT8-32,a selective antagonist of CT receptor,significantly reversed the effect of 20 nmol/L sCT on glutamate release from cultured PAG neurons,and the most effective concentration was 100nmol/L sCT8-32 (P＜0.01).(3) Incubation of the cultured neurons with Che inhibited the glutamate release from cultured PAG neurons evoked by 20 nmol/L sCT,and 100 μmol/L Che was most effective(P＜0.01).Conclusion CT receptors participates in the glutamate release from PAG neurons in which intracellular protein kinase C signaling pathway is involved.

Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Niacinamide ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Phenylurea Compounds ; therapeutic use ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 ; genetics

Background and purpose:Intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT) can significantly improve the dosimetric distribution of both the target and organs at risk compared to tangential irradiation for whole breast. However,its optimized methods remain different and conflicting for many radiotherapy institutions.In order to achieve the optimized planning of IMRT for the irradiation of intact breast,we investigated different optimizing methods in three dimensional radiotherapy planning system.Methods:Ten patients with early-stage breast cancer after breast conserving surgery were eligible for the study.Two kinds of plans were performed on each patient in three-dimensional treatment planning system,inverse planning IMRT and forward planning IMRT which included 3 different optimizing methods as manual optimizing(MO),multiple points optimizing(PO) and automated inverse optimizing(AO).Various parameters were used to evaluate the efficacy of different IMRT plans.All plans were compared using dose volume histograms(DVH) for the planning target volume(PTV) and organs at risk(OARs).Results:For MO,PO,AO forward plans and inverse plans,median number of segments were 5,5.5,5 and 20 respectively,and mean total MU were 225.8, 228.4,226.4 and 345.8 MU,respectively.Comparing the different forward planning optimizations,the best target coverage and dose homogeneity of PTV was observed in AO plans(P(?)0.01),and PO and AO plans showed a better reduction of OARs exposure compared with MO plans(P(?)0.05).A further improvement of dose homogeneity in the PTV and better sparing of OARs was achieved using inverse planning(P(?)0.05).Conclusion:Forward planning IMRT with AO optimization for intact breast irradiation could provide both efficacy and dosimetric advantages better than others.The inverse IMRT plan showed more potential in improving the dosimetric outcomes.However,further studies are required for inverse optimizing plans.