Adult ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Surgical Instruments ; Tonsillectomy ; instrumentation

Effect of organic acids on the synthesis of 1,3 propanediol was studied.The adsorption of organic acids from glycerol fermentation liquor by ion-exchange resins was investigated.The results showed that organic acid and 1,3 propanediol production was in negative relationship.The static adsorption showed that ion-exchange resin 005 had the best adsorption abilities of the organic acids in the glycerol fermentation liquor.It was showed that the yield of 1,3propanediol increased by 166% after the extraction of organic acids from glycerol fermentation liquor and the convertion rate increased by 34%.

Objective To investigate the effect of MDM2-p53 feedback loop on the sensitivity to cis- platin in ovarian cancer xenograft in vivo and explore its mechanism.Methods Human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 with wild type p53 was inoculated subcutaneously into the back of nude mice.When tumor nod- ules could be observed after 7 days of inoculation,the mice were randomly divided into 5 groups with each of 6 mice.Treatment group received an intratumoral injection of a combination of pCMV-MDM2-Lipofectamine and cisplatin.Control groupⅠwas injected with cisplatin,control groupⅡwas injected with pCMV-MDM2- Lipofectamine,control groupⅢwas injected with empty pCMV-Lipofectamine,control groupⅣwas injected with RPMI1640.General conditions and tumor growth rate were observed.The volume and the weight of the tumor were compared among these five groups.The expression of MDM2 and p53 in these tumors were de- tected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.The changes of cell cycles in these tumors were examined by using flow cytometry assay.Results Tumor volume in treatment group[(0.321?0.086) cm~3]was significant- ly smaller than control groupⅠandⅡ[(1.832?0.165) cm~3 and (3.251?0.179) cm~3,respectively)].The weight of the treatment group [(0.513?0.089) g]was also significantly lower than control groupⅠandⅡ[(1.412?0.134) g,and (2.665?0.153) g,respectively)].There was a significant difference between control groupⅠandⅡ, but no difference between the other three control groups.Obvious MDM2 protein expression and pronounced S-phase arrest were observed in treatment group.However,control groupⅠwas with intact wild type p53,and arrested primarily in G_2/M phase.Conclusion MDM2 overexpression can increase cisplatin cytotoxicity on experimental ovarian cancer through inhibition of p53 expression and the loss of G_1 check point of cell cycle.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience with acoustic neuroma resection via the suboccipito-retrosigmoid keyhole approach. Methods Thirty-eight patients with acoustic neuroma received surgical tumor resection via the suboccipito-retrosigmoid keyhole approach. During the operation, a small vertical incision was made at 1.5 cm medial to the posterior margin of the sigmoidal sinus to prepare a bone window 2.5-3.0 em in diameter. The bone flap was reduced and fixed after the tumor resection. Results Total tumor resection was performed in 33 cases, and 5 cases had subtotal resection. Anatomical preservation of the facial nerve was achieved in 35 cases and hearing was preserved in 2 cases, No death occurred in these cases. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred after the operation in 1 ease. No patients required blood infusion during the operation, nor was subcutaneous effusion found after the operation. Conclusion Acoustic neuroma can be safely and effectively resected via the suboccipito-retrosigmoid keyhole approach, which allows good exposure of the tumor and causes minimal invasiveness.

OBJECTIVETo carry out expert survey for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome characteristics of different clinical types of coronary artery disease (CAD).

METHODSBy using Delphi method, we carried out two rounds of nationwide expert surveys for modern TCM characteristics of syndrome elements and syndrome types of CAD.

RESULTSBased on expert consensus, qi deficiency, blood stasis, phlegm turbidity, qi deficiency blood stasis, and intermingled phlegm and blood stasis are common TCM syndromes for different clinical types of CAD. Of them, qi stagnation, blood stasis, phlegm turbidity, heat accumulation, cold coagulation, yang deficiency, deficiency of both qi and yang were more often seen in patients with unstable angina than in those with stable angina. Qi deficiency, yin deficiency, and deficiency of both qi and yin were less seen. We could see more excess syndrome and less deficiency syndrome (such as qi deficiency, yin deficiency, etc.) in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) than acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Qi deficiency, blood stasis, water retention, yang deficiency, phlegm turbidity, yin deficiency, Xin-qi deficiency, and qi deficiency blood stasis induced water retention are the most common TCM syndrome types of CAD heart failure (HF). Blood deficiency, yin deficiency, heat accumulation, deficiency of both Xin and Pi, deficiency of both qi and blood, deficiency of both qi and yin, yin deficiency and fire hyperactivity were more often seen in CAD arrhythmias.

CONCLUSIONSTCM syndrome distributions of different clinical types of CAD have common laws and individual characteristics. Results based on the expert consensus supplied evidence and support for clinical diagnosis and treatment of CAD.

Angina Pectoris ; Angina, Unstable ; China ; Coronary Artery Disease ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Coronary Disease ; diagnosis ; Data Collection ; Heart Failure ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Qi ; Syndrome ; Yang Deficiency ; diagnosis ; Yin Deficiency ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo discuss the mechanism, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of thoracolumbar Chance fractures.

METHODSAmong all the 21 patients, 13 patients were male and 8 patients were female, ranging in age from 23 to 57 years, with an average of 32 years. The injury was at the level of T11 in 3 patients, at the level of T12 in 9 patients, at the level of L1 in 8 patients and at the level of L2 in 1 patient. According to Denis classification, 10 patients were type A, 2 type B, 5 type C, and 4 type D. All the patients were treated with pedicle screw internal fixation and posterior lateral fusion at the level of injury.

RESULTSTwenty-one patients had been followed up for an average of 18 months (13 to 28 months). According to ASIA neurologic grading system, 4 cases in grade C or D recovered to grade E postoperatively and one case in grade B was not improved. Postoperative X-ray showed good reduction and fixation in all cases and no looseness or breakage in the fixation system. The results of postoperative back pain and function assessment were mostly satisfactory.

CONCLUSIONThoracolumbar Chance fractures are due to flexion-distraction injuries and regarded as unstable, which are uncommon and usually not present with a neurologic deficit. Reduction and stabilization with posterior pedicle screw internal fixation is suggested in patients with thoracolumbar Chance fractures.

Adult ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries

OBJECTIVETo study the formulation and technique of preparation of rapid-dissoluted EGb (Extract of Ginkgo biloba) droppills.

METHODTaking the dissolution percentage of total flavonoids in EGb and weight variation as index, the formulation and technique of EGb droppills were optimized by the orthogonal experiment.

RESULTT50 was 3.62 min and mean weight variation was 2.80%.

CONCLUSIONRapid-dissoluted EGb droppills can increase the dissoluting rate distinctly and reach the purpose of preparation.

Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

BACKGROUNDThe association between vulnerability of plaque assessed with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and plasma levels of fibrinolytic biomarkers was determined in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, few data are available on the relationship between the levels of tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and virtual histological intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) signs of plaque instability.

METHODSEighty-nine patients with ACS were enrolled in the study. Blood was collected to measure t-PA levels by liquid phase bead flow cytometry. Eighty-nine nonbifurcate lesions (identified by coronary angiography and ECG) were investigated using IVUS before catheterization. IVUS radiofrequency data obtained with a 20 MHz catheter were analyzed with IVUS virtual histological software. The areas of plaque and media were calculated and lesions were classified into two groups: VH-IVUS derived thin cap fibroatheroma (VH-TCFA) and non-VH-TCFA plaque.

RESULTSPlasma t-PA level in the patients with TCFA was significantly lower than that with non-TCFA ((1489+/-715) pg/ml vs (2163+/-1004) pg/ml). Decreased plasma levels of t-PA were associated with plaque vulnerability. Plasma levels of t-PA correlated negatively with plaque plus media and necrotic core in plaque in patients with ACS.

CONCLUSIONSt-PA is an independent risk factor and a powerful predictor of vulnerable plaques. Decreased levels of t-PA may reflect instability of atherosclerotic plaques and might therefore serve as noninvasive determinants of those at high risk for consequent adverse events.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; blood ; pathology ; Aged ; Coronary Artery Disease ; pathology ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; blood ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

Aim To investigate the effect of Aesculus hippocastanum seed extract(AH) on concanavalin A (ConA)-induced acute liver injury in mice,and to ex-plore whether the mechanism was related to the inhibi-tory effect of AH on oxidative stress and c-Jun N-termi-nal kinase (JNK). Methods ConA(20 mg·kg-1) was administered via tail vein injecting to induce he-patic damage in mice. The groups of AH were given at 12.5,25,50 mg·kg-1by oral gavage separately for 20 days. The serum levels of AST,ALT,TP,and Alb were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer and the A/G ratio was calculated. TNF-α and IFN-γ levels were assayed by ELISA. The liver tissue was attained by HE and the histopathological changes were calculat-ed. The MDA, SOD, GSH contents of liver tissues were assayed by related kits. The activity of caspase-3 was detected by spectrophotometry. The expressions of cytochrome C and Bax, Bcl-2, p-JNK and p-Akt were detected by Western blot. Results The serum levels of ALT, AST, IFN-γ and TNF-α in AH groups were significantly lower than those in ConA-injured group, while the levels of TP,Alb and A/G were significantly higher. The SOD and GSH levels of liver tissues signif-icantly increased and MDA level decreased; liver his-topathological changes were consistent with those of the serological indicators, and AH treatment significantly reduced the pathological damage induced by ConA. In AH group,the expression of cytochrome C,caspase-3, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and p-JNK markedly decreased, while the expression of p-Akt protein increased compared with ConA model group. Conclusion AH could sig-nificantly protect the ConA-induced acute liver injury in mice via inhibition of ROS and JNK pathway.

The risk factors of high trait anger of juvenile offenders were explored through question naire study in a youth correctional facility of Hubei province,China.A total of 1090 juvenile offenders in Hubei province were investigated by self-compiled social-demographic questionnaire,Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ),and State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-Ⅱ (STAXI-Ⅱ).The risk factors were analyzed by chi-square tests,correlation analysis,and binary logistic regression analysis with SPSS 19.0.A total of 1082 copies of valid questionnaires were collected.High trait anger group (n=316) was defined as those who scored in the upper 27th percentile of STAXI-Ⅱ trait anger scale (TAS),and the rest were defined as low trait anger group (n=766).The risk factors associated with high level of trait anger included:childhood emotional abuse,childhood sexual abuse,step family,frequent drug abuse,and frequent internet using (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Birth sequence,number of sibling,ranking in the family,identity of the main care-taker,the education level of care-taker,educational style of care-taker,family income,relationship between parents,social atmosphere of local area,frequent drinking,and frequent smoking did not predict to high level of trait anger (P＞0.05).It was suggested that traumatic experience in childhood and unhealthy life style may significantly increase the level of trait anger in adulthood.The risk factors of high trait anger and their effects should be taken into consideration seriously.