OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect and safety of imaging-guided percutaneous catheterization drainage and alcohol sclerosis for treatment of renal cysts.

METHODSThirty-six patients with primary renal cysts, including 22 men and 14 women aged 18-65 years (mean 42.5 years), were treated with imaging-guided percutaneous puncture catheterization drainage and alcohol sclerosis treatment. The location of the renal cysts and puncture route, angle and depth were determined by ultrasound or CT scan. Paracentesis and catheterization external drainage were carried out under fluoroscope. Absolute alcohol was used as the sclerosis agent.

RESULTSThirty-eight cysts were detected in the 36 patients, locating at the upper pole (n=21), subtus pole (n=10) and intermediate pole (n=7). The length of renal cysts was 4.5-8.5 cm (mean 5.5 cm). Puncture was performed through the lumbar back and the success rate was 100%. Thirty-eight multi-lateral holes 5-7F drainage catheters were placed in the 38 cysts. Alcohol was injected for 169 times through the drainage tube and the average volume was 25 ml, with an average injection of 4.45 times. During the follow-up for 1 to 6 years (mean 3.5 years), 37 renal cysts disappeared and 1 cyst was reduced in a patient with polycystic kidney. The total cure rate was 97% in this series, and no serious complications occurred after the operation.

CONCLUSIONImaging-guided percutaneous puncture catheterization drainage and alcohol sclerosis is effective and safe for treatment of renal cysts.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Catheterization ; Drainage ; methods ; Ethanol ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases, Cystic ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sclerosing Solutions ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Sclerotherapy ; methods ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult

The combination effect of high hydrostatic pressure and moderate heat on the inactivation kinetics of Bacillus coagulans spore in phosphate buffer and UHT(Ultra High Temperature)whole milk was investigated.The pressure come-up time and corresponding log-reduction of spore inactivation were considered during pressure-thermal treatment.Bacillus coagulans spore had a much higher resistance to pressure in UHT whole milk than in phosphate buffer.Survival data were modeled using the linear,Weibull and log-logistic models to obtain relevant kinetic parameters.The tailing phenomenon occurred in all survival curves,indicating the linear model was not adequate for describing these curves.The log-logistic model produced best fits to survival curves,following by Weibull model.

The epieardial adipose tissue in 210 subjects with or without metabolic syndrome (MS) was measured by echocardiography.The thickness of epicardial adipose tissue in male with MS group was significantly greater than that in men without MS [(9.10?3.59) mm vs (6.82?3.00) mm,P

Coinfection/drug therapy* ; HIV ; HIV Infections/drug therapy* ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis B/drug therapy* ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Prevalence

Objective To investigate the image changes of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in children with epilepsy and their clinical significance. Methods Sixty-four patients with epilepsy,admitted to our hospital from March 2008 to March 2011,and 10 healthy children as control group were chosen in our study; the patients were divided into MR normal group and MR abnormal group according to the results of MR imaging. All of them received 1H-MRS examination on the hippocampal area.The ratio of NAA/Cho+Cr was compared between each 2 groups. Results No significant differences on the ratio of NAA/Cho+Cr were noted between the fight and left sides in all the groups (P＞0.05).The ratio of NAA/Cho+Cr was significantly different:MR normal group and control group enjoyed obvious difference as compared with MR abnormal group (P＜0.05); however,MR normal group and MR abnormal group existed no statistically significant differences (P＞0.05). Conclusion 1H-MRS is more sensitivity than MRI in children with epilepsy,therefore,1H-MRS can find the lesions earlier than MR imaging.

OBJECTIVESelecting variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) loci for different serogroups of Shigella spp to explore and establish multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) method, in order to study the molecular characteristic of the isolated strains.

METHODSOf the Shigella strains found by dysentery surveillance in Beijing from 2001 to 2009, 180 strains were selected for this study, according to the number and serotypes of the surveillant strains, at the ratio of 15%; including 50 strains of Shigella sonnei and 130 strains of Shigella flexneri. After screening the polymorphism of the 18 VNTR loci, 10 VNTR loci (sh1-sh10) were retained and constructed three groups of multi-PCR methods to detect all he 180 strains and analyze MLVA molecular subtypes using capillary segments.

RESULTSA range of 2 to 11 alleles were found on the 10 VNTR loci among the 180 Shigella strains, with a diversity index value between 0.158 and 0.766. The 10 loci showed diversity in different serogroups, such as only one allele found in sh6 of Shigella flexneri, sh2 and sh3 of Shigella sonnei individually. The isolated 180 strains were divided into 84 MLVA subtypes, with a resolution ratio D value at 0.967 (95%CI: 0.956 - 0.978). The 130 strains of Shigella flexneri were divided into 63 subtypes, named as TF001-TF063; among which TF001, TF002 and TF 005 were the dominant subtypes, accounting to 17, 16 and 15 strains respectively. The 50 strains of Shigella sonnei were divided into 21 subtypes, named as TS001-TS021; among which TS002 (14 strains) and TS001 (7 strains) were the dominant subtypes.

CONCLUSIONMLVA subtyping method including 10 VNTR loci was preliminarily developed. The MLVA cluster analysis revealed that the subtypes of Shigella strains isolated in Beijing were diverse, and suggested the possibility of multiple-clone source.

Alleles ; Bacterial Typing Techniques ; methods ; China ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; Genotype ; Minisatellite Repeats ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Shigella ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVE: Aripiprazole, a dopamine system stabilizer, shows efficacy against both negative symptoms and positive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aripiprazole and haloperidol on c-FOS expression in rat brain. METHODS: Aripiprazole (1, 10 and 30 mg/kg, i.p.) and haloperidol (0.1 and 1 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered to adult Male Sprague-Dawley rats. After 2 h of drug or vehicle administration, the rats were killed and their brains were removed and perfused with fixative, then cut into 40 microm slices on a freezing microtome. Brain regions of interest were the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the nucleus accumbens core and shell (NAC-C and NAC-S), the hippocampus (CA1, CA3 and DG), the central amygdala (Ce), the basolateral amygdala (BL) and the temporal cortex (Tc). Immunohistochemistry was performed to label cell bodies containing c-FOS. RESULTS: The administration of aripiprazole at all doses (1, 10 or 30 mg/kg) resulted in greater Fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in the investigated brain areas, as compared to the vehicle. Comparable increases in FLI were demonstrated in the NAC-C and NAC-S in response to both aripiprazole and haloperidol treatment. The administration of haloperidol (0.1 or 1 mg/kg) also resulted in greater FLI in the investigated brain areas, except the mPFC, where no changes were observed. In the Ce and BL, a significant increase in Fos-positive neurons was observed only with 0.1 mg/kg of haloperidol. CONCLUSION: Both aripiprazole and haloperidol increased FLI in limbic areas, which are considered important targets of antipsychotic drugs. The differential action of aripiprazole on FLI in the amygdala and mPFC as compared to haloperidol may be a good way to differentiate atypical from typical antipsychotics.
Adult ; Amygdala ; Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Brain ; Dopamine ; Freezing ; Haloperidol ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Neurons ; Nucleus Accumbens ; Piperazines ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Quinolones ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Schizophrenia ; Aripiprazole

OBJECTIVE: The anti-apoptotic protein Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) is a regulator of apoptosis linked to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and BI-1-/- mice exhibit increased sensitivity to tissue damage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of BI-1 in the pathogenesis of chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced depression-like behaviors in BI-1-/- mice. METHODS: We delivered CMS for 2 or 6 weeks in BI-1-knockout and wild-type mice. Control groups of BI-1-knockout and wild-type mice were left undisturbed. The measured parameters were sucrose consumption at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, spontaneous locomotion, and a forced swimming test (FST) at weeks 2 and 6. RESULTS: Significant decreases in sucrose consumption and increases in immobility time in the FST were observed in both stress groups compared with the non-stress groups. Interestingly, at week 2, but not at week 6, BI-1-/--stress mice showed less sucrose intake and greater immobility time than did BI-1+/+-stress mice. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that BI-1 may play role in protecting against the depressogenic effects of CMS in the short term, but not in the long term. Further study is required to deepen understanding of the role of BI-1 in protecting against depression.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Depression ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; Female ; Humans ; Indenes ; Locomotion ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Motor Activity ; Sucrose ; Swimming

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between serum pepsinogen (PG) level and gastric mucosal changes of the residents who live in the high incidence area of gastric cancer, and investigate the value of serum PG level in screening for chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and gastric cancer (GC).

METHODSSerum PG level was detected with time resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA). The correlation between serum PG level and gastric mucosal changes was analyzed through endoscopic biopsy and pathological examination in 720 adult residents.

RESULTSThe median serum PG I, PG II level and PG I / PG II ratio in 30 healthy residents with normal gastric mucosa was 172.0 microg/L, 9.6 microg/L and 17.5, respectively. The median serum PG I level of GC patients was significantly lower than that of chronic gastritis patients, gastric ulcer (GU) patients and local healthy residents (P < 0.05). The median PG I level of GU patients was significantly higher than that of the healthy resident group and the other groups (P <0.05). Serum PG II level in CAG, GC and GU groups were all significantly higher than that in CSG and healthy resident group (P <0.05). The PG I/PG II ratio in CAG or GC patients was significantly lower than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of serum PG I < or = 60 microg/L for screening CAG or GC was 19.7% and 95.5% respectively, which were 34.7%, 89.3% for PG I/PG II < or =6, and 14.1%, 97.3% for PG I < or =60 microg/L + PG I /PG II < or =6. None in GU group was found to have serum PG I < or =60 microg/L. The median serum PG I level and PG I /PG II ratio in chronic gastritis (including CSG and CAG) with intestinal metaplasia were significantly lower than that of healthy resident group (P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity for screening of intestinal metaplasia were 16.6% and 92.9% by PG I < or =60 microg/L; 25.6% and 80.4% by PG I/PG II < or =6; 11.9% and 93.9% by PG I < or =60 microg/L + PG I/ PG II < or = 6.

CONCLUSIONSerum pepsinogen level of the residents in the high incidence area of gastric cancer is closely correlated with the pathological changes of gastric mucosa. Though the sensitivity of serum pepsinogen level is relatively lower in the screening for chronic gastritis, gastric cancer and intestinal metaplasia, the specificity was quite high. PG I < or = 60 microg/L may be usful in differential diagnosis of gastric cancer from gastric ulcer.

Diagnosis, Differential ; Gastric Mucosa ; pathology ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Metaplasia ; Pepsinogen A ; blood ; Pepsinogen C ; blood ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stomach Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Stomach Ulcer ; blood ; diagnosis ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo create a three dimension (3D) in vitro model for angiogenesis of hemangioma.

METHODThe fragment of hemangioma specimen was embedded in fibrin gel to set up the three-dimension (3D) in vitro model for angiogenesis of hemangioma.

RESULTIn the model, microvessels grew out from the tissue fragments at the 2nd to 3rd day after culture, and at the 8th to 9th day a compact network of microvessels come into being, then tending to be stationary. The compact network around the tissue fragment was confirmed to be blood vessels by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy.

CONCLUSIONThis model helps to study the mechanism of hemangioma angiogenesis and investigate the drugs of anti-angiogenesis.

Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Neovascularization, Pathologic