Aim The relative bioavalability of hydrochloride eperisone granule in 10 healthy volunteers was studied. Methods The time-plasma concentrations of hydrochloride eperisone granule, as test drug, and myonal, as reference drug, were determined by GC-MS, with tolperisone senuing as internal standard.The pharmacokinetic parameters of both reference and test drug were calculated and analyzed with two-one side test and confidential interval test. Results The results showed that the AUC0-8, AUC0-∞, Cmax, Tpeak, t1/2(?) and t1/2(?) were (17.9?1.3)ng?h?ml-1 and(18.6?1.6)ng?h?ml-1, (19.1?1.2)ng?h?ml-1 and (20.2?1.6)ng?h?ml-1, (5.2?0.5)ng?ml-1 and (5.4?0.5) ng?ml-1, (1.05?0.18)h and (1.08?0.23)h, (0.78? 0.13)h and ( 0.82?0.14)h,( 1.8?0.3)h and (1.8?0.3)h, respectively. The relative bioavalability of test drug was (105? 5)%. Conclusion It can be concluded that the test and reference are bioequivalented between individuals, preparations and periods.

To observe the effects of total flavones of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng (TFM) on volume-overload cardiac hypertrophy and the expression of c-Fos protein in rat. Methods　Volume-overload cardiac hypertrophy of rat was induced by aortocaval shunts. The rats were given ig TFM (400, 40 and 4 mg/kg/d). c-Fos protein in the ventricles were measured by immunocytochemical study. Results　TFM at the above dosage decreased heart weight and contents of RNA and protein in the myocardium, inhibited the expression of c-Fos protein in the ventricles. Conclusion　TFM can prevent volume-overload cardiac hypertrophy in rats. The inhibitory effects on the expression of c-Fos protein may be its mechanism in the molecular level.

AIMTo explore whether the anti-tumor action of 17beta-estradiol is enhanced by re-expression of the homeodomain transcription factor Nkx3.1 in PC3 human prostate cancer cells.

METHODSPC3 cells were stably transfected with pcDNA3.1-Nkx3.1-His vector, which carries a full-length cDNA of human Nkx3.1. The PC3 cells stably transfected with vector pcDNA3.1 were set as a control. The expression of Nkx3.1 protein in the cells was confirmed by Western blot analysis. The effect of Nkx3.1 on cell proliferation of PC3 cells was examined with MTT assay. The antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of 17beta-estradiol alone or in combination with Nkx3.1 were estimated on PC3 cells by using MTT growth tests and flow cytometric analyses. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was analyzed using Western blotting.

RESULTSThe plasmid carrying Nkx3.1 gene induced high expression of Nkx3.1 protein in PC3 cells. The re-expression of exogenous Nkx3.1 did not cause a significant reduction in cellular proliferation, whereas the expression of Nkx3.1 enhanced the 17beta-estradiol anti-proliferative effect in PC3 cells. Nkx3.1 expression promoted 17beta-estradiol-induced apoptosis of PC3 cells, as shown by analysis of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase expression.

CONCLUSIONThe present study demonstrates that re-expression of Nkx3.1 enhances 17beta-estradiol anti-tumor action in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. The in vitro study suggests that re-expression of Nkx3.1 is worthy of further consideration as an adjuvant treatment of androgen independent prostate cancer with estrogen anti-tumor therapies.

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Estradiol ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; genetics ; Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the protective effects of affiliating portasystemic shunt on small-for-size graft in liver transplantation.

METHODSFifteen Chinese Bama miniature pigs were divided into three groups: group A (small-for-size liver transplantation), group B (distal splenorenal shunt + small-for-size liver transplantation), and group C (mesocaval H-shape shunt + small-for-size liver transplantation). Animals were followed up for 7 days with survival, dynamical liver function biochemical parameters, liver biopsies, portal venous pressure (PVP) and portal blood flow (PBF).

RESULTSAnimal survivals were as follows: group A, 1/5, group B, 3/5 and group C, 5/5.Group A resulted in abnormal liver function parameters that were significantly ameliorated in group B and C. The histological examination of graft in group A displayed severe pathologic changes including hepatocyte vacuolar change or necrosis, sinusoidal congestion, parenchymal hemorrhage. Affiliating portasystemic shunt significantly alleviated graft injuries in group B and C. PVP rose and peaked up to 28.6 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa), PBF fluctuated after reperfusion in group A, but group B and C with affiliating portasystemic shunt showed significantly lower PVP and maintained rather stable PBF after reperfusion. There were also statistical differences in PVP or PBF between group B and C.

CONCLUSIONSAffiliating portasystemic shunt effectively might protect small-for-size graft from injuries after reperfusion.

Animals ; Female ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Portal Pressure ; Portal Vein ; physiology ; Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical ; methods ; Random Allocation ; Regional Blood Flow ; Survival Rate ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature

To study the chemical constituents of K. oblongifolia, silica gel column chromatography, MCI and Sephadex LH-20 were used to separate the 70% acetone extract of the stems of K. oblongifolia. The structures of the isolated compounds have been established on the basis of physicochemical and NMR spectroscopic evidence as well as ESI-MS in some cases. Twenty compounds were obtained and identified as heteroclitalignan A (1), kadsulignan F (2), kadoblongifolin C (3), schizanrin F (4), heteroclitalignan C (5), kadsurarin (6), kadsulignan O (7), eburicol (8), meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid (9), kadsufolin A (10), tiegusanin M (11), heteroclitin B (12), (7'S)-parabenzlactone (13), angeloylbinankadsurin B (14), propinquain H (15), quercetin (16), kadsulignan P (17), schizanrin G (18), micrandilactone C (19) and (-)-shikimic acid (20). Compouds 1, 5, 8, 11-15, 18 and 20 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Toxicity of compounds 1-10 were evaluated with zebrafish model to observe the effect on its embryonic development and heart function. The results showed that compounds 7, 9 and 10 caused edema of zebrafish embryo and decreased the heart rate of zebrafish, which exhibited interference effect on heart development of zebrafish.
Animals ; Embryo, Nonmammalian ; drug effects ; Guaiacol ; analogs & derivatives ; toxicity ; Kadsura ; chemistry ; Lignans ; toxicity ; Plant Extracts ; toxicity ; Quercetin ; toxicity ; Triterpenes ; toxicity ; Zebrafish ; embryology

There are lot of orthodox drugs in Chinese traditional medicine, with good reputation, quality and characteristics, are well known for their place of origin. Appellation of origin and geographic indication (GI) should be protected. Implementing system of the protection of GI in Chinese traditional medicine field is very important to extend national elaborate orthodox drugs and raise competitiveness of the goods in international trade.
China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; Environment ; Pharmacognosy ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; Quality Control

Objective Radiological findings of very rare hemangioendotheliomas in the orbit have not been reported.Radiological findings on different imaging studies of four cases with hemangioendotheliomas in the orbit were described and the literature was reviewed so as to understand features of hemangioendotheliomas in the orbit.Methods CT and MR imaging findings of four cases with hemangioendotheliomas in the orbit confirmed by histopathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results A mass was found in the superotemporal quadrant in the anterior extraconal space of the orbit in three cases and in the inferonasal quadrant in one case. CT studies revealed a homogeneously ovoid tumor with benign remodeling of the adjacent bone in three cases and a homogeneously irregular mass without any bony change in one case.MR imaging showed a mass in the orbit that was mildly hypointense on T_1-weighted sequences and hyperintense on T_2-weighted images with areas of flow voids representing vessels within the peripheral portion of the tumor in four cases.All four patients demonstrated significant enhancement immediately after intravenous administration of contrast material and a type D time-signal intensity curve (TIC)pattern on MR dynamic contrast enhancement scanning.Conclusions Hemangioendotheliomas in the orbit appeared as a hypervascular tumor predominantly in the extraconal space with areas of flow voids within the tumor and early significant enhancement of the tumor after intravenous administration of contrast material.MR imaging is the best method in demonstration of features of hemangioendotheliomas in the orbit and in diagnosis of these tumors.

To study the application and effect of Role-playing in the teaching of Medical Immunology for foreign students.Role-playing method was tried using in the practical teaching of the pathway of complement activation and the related components in the"Medical Immunology" in Grade 2014(83 foreign students),and the teaching effect was analyzed and evaluated.In the study,we found that role-playing teaching method could not only help foreign students develop their initiative and comprehensively understand the difficulties of knowledge,but also cultivate their teamwork and interpersonal communication skills.At the same time,role-playing improved teaching efficiency and quality.Role-playing is a teaching method that meets the learning habits,characteristics,contents and rules of foreign students,which can improve the teaching quality and effect.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficiency of circumferential ablation around orifice of pulmonary vein by radiofrequency (RF) energy in the cure of chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with rheumatic valvular disease.

METHODSRadiofrequency catheter ablation was performed in 20 patients with rheumatic valvular disease and chronic AF who underwent heart valve surgery. The ablation temperature was 50 - 60 degrees C and the linear RF ablations were performed encircling the four openings of pulmonary veins and connecting the posterior mitral annulus with the probe made by ourselves especially for this ablative procedure. And amiodarone was given from the third day before the surgery and lasted for 3 months thereafter. Twenty patients with chronic AF who underwent valvular surgery but refused RF ablation were considered as the control group.

RESULTSSinus rhythm (SR) restored in 19 patients either spontaneously or after intraoperative direct current cardioversion, immediately after the operation, as compared with 16 patients in the control group. During the follow-up (24 +/- 3) months, 16 of 20 patients (80%) remained in sinus rhythm in patients received ablation, but in control group, SR was presented in only 7 of 20 patients (35%).

CONCLUSIONSCircumferential ablation around orifice of pulmonary vein by RF energy is safe and effective in restoration and maintenance of SR in patients with rheumatic valvular disease and chronic AF.

Adult ; Aged ; Amiodarone ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; therapeutic use ; Atrial Fibrillation ; etiology ; therapy ; Catheter Ablation ; Chronic Disease ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Veins ; surgery ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; complications

Adult ; Aged ; Amiodarone ; therapeutic use ; Atrial Fibrillation ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Heart Atria ; Heart Valves ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; surgery