Objective and Methods:The scavenging effects of the extracts, phycocyanin and polysaccharose from Spirulina platensis (S.P) or from selenium enriched S.P (Se-S.P), and sodium _ selenite on superoxide anions( O2? )and hydroxyl radicals (?OH) were investigated respectively with chemoluminescence technique. Results:The extract, Se-phycocyanin and Se-polysaccharose from Se-S.P had higher scavenging effect on both kinds of active oxygen radicals than those from S.P and the scavenging _ rates of extract on O2 ? and ?OH were enhanced about 30%and 20% at a concentration of 400?g/ml.Those effects of Se-phycocyanin were characterized dose-dependently and the concentration of 50% scavenging rate on superoxide anions was above 500 ?g/ml. With increase of the concentration of Se-phycocyanin, the scavenging rate on ?OH was elevated steadily and 50% scavenging rate was found at protein concentration above 125?g/ml. The scavenging effect of the Se-polysaccharides on oxygen free radicals was more _ noticeable and the concentration for 50% scavenging rate on ?OH and O2 ? were 60 ?g/ml and 12 ?g/ml _ respectively. However, there was no evidenced scavenging effect of sodium selenite on both ?OH and O2 ? . Conclusion : The active organic Se-containing molecules such as Se-containing proteins and Se polysaccharides, which were produced by selenium metabolism in microalgae, might contribute to the scavenging effects of Se enriched S.P. on oxygen free radicals.

Objective To analyze the results of treatment of complicated tibial plateau fractures with open reduction and internal fixation with bilateral plates .Methods 29 elder patients with C type tibial platform fractures underwent internal fixation with bilat-eral plates and bone grafting .Fixation with bilateral plates was performed during operation with dynamic compression plate or 1/3 Tubular steel plate placed medially and the dissection plate or LISS system ones inserted laterally after the underlying separation . Meanwhile ,sufficient bone grafting during operation could effectively support reduction of articular surface .Results All patients were followed up of an average of 13 .8 ± 2 .43 months .According to Rasmussen score standard ,the excellent and good rate was 82 .7% .There was significant difference of TPA and PA between postoperation and postoperation one year later .Conclusion It is a simple and effective method to treat complicated elder tibial platform fractures with bilateral plates .It will improve the effect and re-duce complications significantly to perform sufficient bone grafting intraoperatively ,and make the drainage unobstructed and do the early functional exercises postoperatively .

A phytochemical investigation on the aerial parts of a Tibetan medicine Meconopsis horridula, by solvent extraction, repeated chromatographies on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative TLC techniques, led to the isolation of 9 compounds. By spectroscopic analysis and comparison of its 1H and 13C-NMR data with those in literatures, their structures were identified as oleracein E(1), N-( trans-p-coumaroyl) tyramine (2), chrysoeriol (3), apigenin (4), hydnocarpin (5), p-coumaric acid glucosyl ester (6), stigmast-5-ene-3beta-ylformate (7), 3beta-hydroxy-7alpha-ethoxy-24beta-ethylcholest-5-ene (8), and beta-sitosterol (9), respectively, among which compounds 6-8 were isolated from the genus for the first time,and 1,3 were isolated from the species for the first time. A MTT method was applied to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of compounds 14 against the human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2), and compound 1 showed significant cytotoxicity against HepG2,with its inhibitory rate of 52.2% at 10 micromol x L(-1).
Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Molecular Structure ; Papaveraceae ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Benzoates ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Senescence ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; genetics ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 ; genetics ; Methoxsalen ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Retinoids ; pharmacology ; Skin ; cytology ; metabolism ; Time Factors ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases ; metabolism ; Ultraviolet Rays

Litsea cubeba is one of aromatic medicinal plant belonging to family Lauraceae. The roots, stems and fruits of L. cubeba have been widely applied as folk medicines in some districts in China for relieving rheumatism and cold, regulating Qi (meridian) to alleviate pain. Previous studies revealed that this species contains major alkaloids, in specific aporphines, and minor flavonoids, lignans as well. Related pharmacological investigations demonstrated its activities and clinical applications on cardiovascular diseases, anti-cancer, against rheumatoid arthritis, relieving asthma and anti-allergic effects, as anti-oxidants, and so on. As an effort for further exploration of this bioactive ingredients and potential drug development, this paper summarizes most phytochemical and pharmacological results. Further, future prospects are also included.
Animals ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Litsea ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Animals ; Female ; Fluorosis, Dental ; blood ; etiology ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; blood ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sinoatrial Node ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Sodium Fluoride ; poisoning ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood

The chemical investigation on Ganoderma philippii led to the isolation of sixteen compounds by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. On the basis of spectroscopic data analyses, their structures were elucidated as 2, 5-dihydroxyacetophenone (1), methyl gentisate (2), (S) -dimethyl malate (3), muurola-4, 10 (14) -dien-11beta-ol (4), dihydroepicubenol (5), 5-hydroxymethylfuran carboxaldehyde (6), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (7), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3-one (8), ergosta-7, 22E-diene-2beta, 3alpha, 9alpha-triol (9), 6/beta-methoxyergo-sta-7, 22E-dien-3beta, 5alpha-diol (10), ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22E-tetraen-3-one (11), ergosta4, 6, 8-(14), 22E-etetraen-3beta-ol (12), 5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxy-ergosta-6, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (13), 7alpha-methoxy-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxyergosta-8-(14), 22E-dien-3beta-ol (14), ergosta-8, 22E-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta, 7alpha-tetraol (15), and ergosta-5, 23-dien-3beta-ol, acetate (16). All the compounds were obtained from this fungus for the first time, and compounds 4 and 5 were isolated from the Ganoderma genus for the first time.
Ganoderma ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Yixintai Granule (YG) on mRNA and protein expression levels of AQP2 in renal medulla of chronic heart failure (CHF) rabbits.

METHODSCHF rat model was established by ear marginal vein injection of adriamycin. Successfully modeled rabbits were divided into the model group, the high (8.4 g/kg), middle (4.2 g/kg), and low dose (2.1 g/kg) YG group, and the Furosemide group (2 mg/kg). Besides, a normal control group was set up. Equal volume of physiological saline was administered to rabbits of the model group and the normal control group by gastrogavage. YG at different doses was administered to rabbits of the 3 YG groups by gastrogavage. The intervention lasted for 4 weeks, once per day. After treatment the urine volume and pathomorphological changes of renal medulla tissue were observed. mRNA and its protein expression levels of AQP2 were detected.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the urine volume decreased significantly, mRNA and protein expression levels of renal medulla AQP2 increased significantly in the model group (all P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the urine volume increased significantly, and mRNA and protein expression levels of renal medulla AQP2 decreased significantly in all medicated groups (all P < 0.01). Compared with the low dose YG group, the urine volume significantly increased and the mRNA expression level of renal medulla AQP2 significantly decreased in the middle and high dose YG groups (all P < 0.01). The expression level of AQP2 protein significantly decreased in the high dose YG group (P < 0.01). Pathological changes of the renal medulla was the most obviously seen in the model group. But they were alleviated to various degrees in all medicated groups. They were more obviously attenuated in the middle and high dose YG groups.

CONCLUSIONYG could improve CHF possibly through down-regulating mRNA and protein expression levels of AQP2 in renal medulla, and elevating the urine volume.

Animals ; Aquaporin 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Chronic Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adult ; Herpes Zoster ; etiology ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation

Objective To explore the mechanism of gastrointestinal dysfunction caused by chronic renal failure (CRF), and to determine whether colon is involved in the activation of oxidative stress (OS) in CRF. Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n＝10) and CRF group (n＝20). The rats in the CRF group were treated with 5/6 nephrectomy to establish CRF model, and the rats in the control group were only sutured after opening renal capsule. The rats were sacrificed at 10 weeks after model administration, and the serums and colon tissues near ileocecal valve were collected. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) were measured to evaluate the success of the model. Malonodialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the serum and colon tissues were detected to evaluate the level of OS. The ubiquinol cytochrome C reductase core protein(UQCRC1) was tested for the evaluation of mitochondrial function. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of BUN and SCr in serum of the rats in the CRF group were increased, suggesting that the model was successfully established. Compared with the control group, serum and colonic MDA levels were significantly increased in the CRF group (P0.05); however, there were no significant differences in 8-OHdG or anti-oxidative markers (SOD, TAC) in serum or colon tissues between the two groups (P0.05). The protein level of UQCRC1 in colon tissues was significantly reduced in the CRF group compared with the control group (P0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the mRNA level of UQCRC1 in colon tissues between the control and CRF groups (P0.05). Conclusion There is an imbalance between oxidation and antioxidation in the colonic tissues of CRF rats, which may be related to mitochondrial dysfunction.