Animals ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Streptococcal Infections ; epidemiology ; etiology ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Streptococcus suis ; immunology ; physiology ; Vaccination

Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Melanoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Melanoma-Specific Antigens ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

Select patients diagnosed of hypertension in the first place in 16 hospitals and the patients were described by association rules analysis and distribution for the analysis in the study,in order to understand the information of diagnosis and treatment in hypertension patients in real world. The information include age, gender, admission condition, inpatient department, hospitalization expenses, western medicine comorbidities, the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome and the medicine. The average age of patients was 64 years in the study. The proportion of men to women about 1. 10: 1. Admission condition is critical for about 10.12% of the total and more concentrated in the cardiovascular department. Hospital stay ranged from 8 to 14 d. Inpatients with medical insurance is 62.93%. Total hospitalization cost distribution most is the 5 000-10 000 RMB. Hypertension complicated with coronary heart disease, blood lipoprotein disorder disease; phlegm and blood stasis and Yin deficiency of liver and kidney are the most in TCM syndrome type. Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is the major in Chinese medicine treatment. Western medicine treatment basically conforms to the guidelines. The most antihypertensive drugs is calcium antagonistst, accounting for about 81.2% of the total number. Class ACEI, class ARB, beta blockers, diuretics class are accounted for 43.0%, 43.4%, 42.4%, 42.4%, fixed compound is only 2 393, accounting for about 8%. the total frequency of five classes of antihypertensive drugs is 78 206 times. The principal conclusions of this analysis are as follows: the elderly people is the most in hypertension, more men than women; medical insurance is the majority type in hospitalization cost; nearly half of the population is combined with coronary heart disease; phlegm and blood stasis and yin deficiency of liver and kidney are the most in TCM syndrome type; western medicine treatment basically conforms to the guidelines. Combination therapy is more, less fixed compound preparation in western medicine. Chinese medicine is mainly to promoting blood circulation. Suggesting that the clinical treatment in strict blood pressure and at the same time, pay attention to combination therapy and the use of fixed compound preparation,it's useful to control the blood pressure better. Combined with traditional Chinese medicine and resolving phlegm and removing blood stasis, reduce the target organ damage, reduce complications, the prevention and control work of hypertension in China still faces enormous challenges at present. The result provides reference information for clinical medicine and medical research.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; drug therapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Adult ; Biopsy ; DNA ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo prepare and characterize the heavy metal reference material of radix salvia planted in Zhongjiang, Sichuan province under the good agricultural procedure (GAP).

METHODAfter being prepared, the reference material was digested with 65% HNO3 and H2O2 by microwave-assisted oven systems, and the heavy metals in Radix salvia reference material were accurately determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

RESULTThe measuring method was validated by running certificated reference materials, including bush twigs and leaves (GBW07602) and tea twigs and leaves (GBW07605) under the same conditions. The recoveries of the elements mostly ranged from 90% to 110%, and the RSD was within 5%. The measurement of radix salvia reference material was carried out by different laboratories with ICP-MS and by several time intervals in one year for the stability. The results showed that the concentration of the heavy metals provided were accurate and the reference material was stable.

CONCLUSIONThe reference material is suitable to be the criterions of heavy metals for radix salvia in the qualities controlling, and is also suitable to be the criterion of poisonous heavy metals of other herbs in the administration of GAP.

Agriculture ; standards ; Arsenic ; analysis ; Cadmium ; analysis ; Drug Stability ; Lead ; analysis ; Metals, Heavy ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Quality Control ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

METHODSOne hundred and seven cases, admitted to our hospital from Apr. 1996 to Oct. 2005, were detected by Envision immunohistochemical method and diagnosed as GISTs. Their pathological features, immunohistochemical phenotypes, clinical manifestations and imaging findings were analyzed.

RESULTSOf the 107 GISTs, 107 cases were positive for vimentin (107/107, 100%), 107 cases were positive for CD117 (107/107, 100%), 89 cases were positive for CD34 (89/107, 83.2%), 14 cases were positive for SMA (14/107, 13.1%), 10 cases were positive for desmin (10/107, 9.3%), 22 cases were positive for S-100 (22/87, 20.6%) and 15 cases were positive for NSE (15/107, 14.0%). Among all the GISTs, 73 cases occurred in stomach (68.2%), 28 in small intestine (26.2%), 1 in colon (0.9%) and 5 occurred in other position including mesentery, omentum, and retroperitoneum (4.7%). Fifteen cases were diagnosed as very low grade (14.0%), 25 cases as low grade (23.4%), 33 cases as low malignancy (30.8%) and 34 cases as high malignancy (31.8%). The follow-up was obtained successfully in 89 cases (83.2%). Fourteen cases (13.1%) were confirmed to have recurrences or metastases by review and medical records.

CONCLUSIONSThe diagnosis of GIST depends on pathological observation and immunohistochemical study. CD117 is a sensitive marker for the diagnosis of GIST. Surgical resection is the choice for treating GIST. Extended resection, even combined resection of involved organs, is required for malignant GIST.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo summarize prevalence rate and region distribution of congenital heart disease (CHD) in 12-month-old and younger infants among four regions of Guangdong province, China.

METHODSData from Guangdong CHD monitoring network including 34 monitoring units covering different geographic regions were analyzed. Professional training on screening and diagnosing CHD was provided to each work group member to improve the diagnosis level. CHD infants under or aged 12 months detected in the monitoring unit were included. CHD was diagnosed by fetus and infants echocardiography.

RESULTSFrom July 2004 to December 2010, 383 281 perinatal were registered and 3263 cases of CHD were detected in the 34 member units of Guangdong CHD monitoring network [total prevalence rate of CHD: 0.851% (3263/383 281), male prevalence rate: 0.868% (1799/207 347), female prevalence rate:0.828% (1456/175 843)].Stillbirth CHD prevalence rate was significantly higher than livebirth CHD prevalence rate [10.627% (676/6361) vs. 0.686% (2587/376 920), P < 0.01]. The total prevalence of CHD was significantly higher in Pearl River Delta region [0.906% (2826/311 823)] than in other regions [0.611% (437/71 458), P < 0.01]. Ventricular septal defect [39.93% (1033/2587) in livebirth] was the most dominant CHD, followed by patent ductus arteriosus [29.84% (772/2587)] and secundum atrial septal defect [13.76% (356/2587)].

CONCLUSIONSThe present data indicate that the prevalence of CHD in Guangdong is at the medium-upper level of the country associated with high stillbirth rate. The dominant type of CHD is ventricular septal defect. CHD prevalence is higher in the Pearl River Delta region than in other regions.

China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVETo analyze the differences of risk factors on congenital heart defect (CHD)between floating population and permanent residents in Guangdong.

METHODSA multicenter case-control study was carried out to investigate the risk factors of CHD in floating population and in permanent residents. Data was from 34 Guangdong CHD Monitoring Network centers during the year of 2004 to 2011. Exposed information related to the parents at pre-pregnancy and early pregnancy periods, was collected, using the same questionnaire survey methodology in the two populations. Possible risk factors were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression(ENTER method)methods. Risk factors were compared between the two populations.

RESULTSTotally, 855 CHD cases and their controls from the floating population, as well as 1673 cases and their controls from the permanent residents were included in this study. Age of the children under study was defined from 28th week of gestation to 1 year old postnatal. In the floating population, specific risk factor for CHD appeared as:maternal passive smoking in early pregnancy, while the specific protective factor as high family income. However, the specific risk factors would include: having diseases as maternal diabetes mellitus or syphilis, living in a newly (within half a year) decorated house or with fetal macrosomia in the permanent residents. High education level showed as a risk factor in floating population, however contrarily, as protective factor to the permanent residents. Except for the factors related to having fever of the mother and infant with low birth weight, factors as having history of deliveries more than two, with maternal virus infection, exposure to chemical agent and negative bearing history etc., have higher OR values in floating population than in the permanent residents.

CONCLUSIONSignificant differences of risk factors for CHD were noticed between floating population and the permanent residents, which have their individual specific risk factors. Most of the ORs appeared higher in floating population than in the permanent residents.

Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Transients and Migrants

OBJECTIVETo assess the value of urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) in early assessment of the severity of traumatic brain injury and in predicting the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) following the brain injury.

METHODSSixty-five patients with traumatic brain injury patients were divided into 4 groups according to their Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores. Blood and urine samples were collected at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after the injury to detect serum creatinine (SCr) level using biochemical analyzer and urinary L-FABP using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with samples from 15 healthy adults as controls. The correlations were analyzed among SCr, urinary L-FABP, GCS score upon admission and AKI occurrence.

RESULTSThe patients with moderate to severe brain injuries showed significantly higher SCr and urinary L-FABP levels than the control group (P<0.05). GCS score of the patients was inversely correlated with the levels of SCr and urinary L-FABP (P<0.05), and the changes were more prominent in urinary L-FABP than in SCr. The incidence of AKI was 21.54% in these patients. In patients with AKI, urinary L-FABP reached the peak level as soon as 6 h after the injury, as compared with 24 to 48 h when peak SCr level occurred.

CONCLUSIONUrinary L-FABP can be used as a marker for early assessment of the severity of traumatic brain injury and for predicting the occurrence of AKI following the injury.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application and significance of aerodynamic parameters in voice function assessment.

METHODSThe phonatory aerodynamic system (PAS) was used to collect aerodynamic parameters from subjects with normal voice, vocal fold polyp, vocal fold cyst, and vocal fold immobility. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to compare measurements across groups.

RESULTSPhonation threshold flow (PTF), mean flow rate (MFR), maximum phonation time (MPT), and glottal resistance (GR) in one hundred normal subjects were significantly affected by sex (P < 0.05), while phonation threshold pressure (PTP), subglottal pressure (SGP), and vocal efficiency (VE) were not (P > 0.05). PTP, PTF, MFR, SGP, and MPT were significantly different between normal voice and voice disorders (P < 0.01), and there were no significant differences among the three disorders (P > 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis found that PTP, PTF, SGP, MFR, MPT, and VE in one hundred thirteen voice dis orders had similar diagnostic utility (P < 0.01), with PTP exhibiting the highest area under the curve. The aerodynamic parameters of the three degrees of voice dysfunction due to vocal cord polyps were compared and found to have no significant differences (P > 0.05). PTP, PTF, MFR, SGP and MPT in forty one patients with vocal polyps were significantly different after surgical resection of vocal cord polyps (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe aerodynamic parameters can objectively and effectively evaluate the variations of vocal function, and have good auxiliary diagnostic value.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Glottis ; physiology ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Phonation ; physiology ; Polyps ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Vocal Cords ; physiology ; Voice Disorders ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Voice Quality ; Young Adult