Background:The clinical outcome of transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy (TRO) for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) remains controversial,and the promising clinical results of several Japanese studies could not be reproduced in American and European studies.Trying to solve controversies on TRO for ONFH rising from apparently conflicting studies,a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the 5-and 10-year hip survival rates (with conversion to artificial joint replacement and radiographic failure as endpoints) after TRO.Methods:All eligible studies were searched in seven comprehensive databases including PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,VIP Database,China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database,and Wan Fang Database prior to June 2019.The outcomes evaluated were 5-and 10-year hip survival rates after TRO.The odds ratio and risk difference for the non-comparative binary data with the 95％ confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each outcome.The included studies were assessed for methodologic bias and potential reasons for heterogeneity were explored.Results:Nineteen studies of TRO for ONFH were eligible for this meta-analysis according to inclusion criteria.Based on the previous report,two calculation methods (Methods 1 and 2) were adopted in this meta-analysis.Furthermore,we performed a subgroup analysis of the 5-and 10-year hip survival rates (Method 1) after TRO for ONFH:Asian sub-population and non-Asian subpopulation.Taking conversion to artificial joint replacement as the endpoint,5-and 10-year hip survival rates (Method 1) after TRO for ONFH in the Asian population were 0.86 (95％ CI =0.82-0.89) and 0.72 (95％ CI =0.65-0.78),respectively,and 5-and 10-year hip survival rates after TRO for ONFH in the non-Asian population were 0.55 (95％ CI =0.43-0.67) and 0.42 (95％ CI =0.28-0.55),respectively.The 5-and 10-year hip survival rates (Method 2) after TRO for ONFH were 0.90 (95％ CI =0.79-0.95) and 0.89 (95％ CI =0.81-0.94),respectively.Taking radiographic failure as the endpoint,5-and 10-year hip survival rates after TRO for ONFH were 0.70 (95％ CI =0.64-0.76) and 0.53 (95％ CI =0.46-0.61),respectively.Conclusions:The 5-and 10-year hip survival rates after TRO for ONFH were satisfactory in the Asian population,and were acceptable in the non-Asian population despite high early failure rates.

In order to study the role of PML-RARalpha fusion gene and its expression product during apoptotic process in NB4 cells induced by arsenic trisulfide (As(2)S(3)), the apoptotic effects of NB4 cells were observed by cell morphology, flow cytometry and DNA electrophoresis. The change of PML-RARalpha fusion gene and its expression product were also assayed by chromosomal G banding, RT-PCR and Western blot. The results showed that arsenic trisulfide induced apoptosis of NB4 cells, during this process, PML-RARalpha fusion gene had no significant changes, but the expression of PML-RARalpha fusion protein and wild-type RARalpha were all reduced. It is concluded that arsenic trisulfide can induce apoptosis of NB4 cells, the degradation of PML-RARalpha fusion protein and wild-type RARalpha may play an important role during apoptotic process.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; physiology ; RNA, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sulfides ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

BACKGROUNDTo construct human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18 E6E7) adeno-associated virus (AAV) for studying the role of HPV E6E7 in the development of human cancer.

METHODSHPV18 E6E7 genes were inserted into adeno-associated virus expression vector and then infected 293 cell line. The expression of HPV18 E6E7 genes were confirmed by using RT-PCR/Southern blot assay.

RESULTSThere was HPV18 E6E7 genes in the malignantly transformed cell line. The 293TL cells compared with the parent cells transformed cells grew more rapidly, lost their contact inhibition and formed more and large colonies in soft agar.

CONCLUSIONSHPV18 E6E7 AAV was successfully constructed and could induce malignant transformation. HPV18 E6E7 AAV can be use for studying the immortalization and malignant transformation of human normal epithelial cells.

Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Dependovirus ; genetics ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; virology ; Fetus ; Humans ; Kidney ; cytology ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; genetics ; Papillomaviridae ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

AIMTo investigate the ameliorations of pioglitazone, a member of the thiazolidinedione group of antidiabetic agents, on insulin resistance in spontaneous OLETF rats with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT-OLETF).

METHODSOne group of IGT-OLETF rats was orally administered pioglitazone at the dose of 20 mg x kg(-1) (qd) for 2 weeks. Another group was given the same volume of solvent as control. Glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance were tested, and blood glucose concentrations, insulin levels and lipids in serum, liver and muscle were determined. Insulin sensitive index (ISI) was calculated by the reciprocal of fasting blood glucose times fasting insulin.

RESULTSPioglitazone was shown to markedly enhance the glycemic response to exogenous insulin (0. 4 x kg(-1), sc) in the model. The falls of blood glucose at 40 and 90 min in the insulin tolerance test were augmented by 70% and 158% in the treated group than the control. The serum insulin levels were significantly decreased and the ISI nearly normalized after treatment. Pioglitazone also lowered the serum TG and FFA levels and the lipids in liver and muscle. No effect was found on the expression of leptin in epididymal adipose tissues and on the activity of GFAT, a key enzyme in hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (data were not shown).

CONCLUSIONPioglitazone can improve the insulin resistance state in IGT-OLETF rats. Correction of lipid disorder may be associated with it.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; blood ; metabolism ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred OLETF ; Rats, Wistar ; Thiazolidinediones ; pharmacology ; Triglycerides ; blood ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between sympathetic remodeling and electrical remodeling at the infarcted border zone (IBZ) of rabbit with chronic myocardial infarction (MI).

METHODSThirty rabbits were randomly assigned into two groups: MI group (n = 20): ligation of the anterior descending coronary; sham operation (SO) group (n = 10): without contrary ligation. Eight weeks after surgery, transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) at baseline, during sympathetic nerve stimulation, TDR change (DeltaTDR) during sympathetic nerve stimulation and ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) were measured at the IBZ in MI group and corresponding zone in SO group. The distribution and densities of growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive nerves in ventricle were also detected with immunohistochemical techniques.

RESULTSEighteen rabbits in the MI group and 10 in the SO group survived to the end of the study. The densities of GAP43 and TH at the IBZ in the MI group were significantly higher than that at the corresponding zone in the SO group (both P < 0.05). The densities of GAP43 and TH in MI rabbits positively correlated with TDR at baseline, TDR or DeltaTDR during sympathetic nerve stimulation (all P < 0.01) and both showed a weak negative correlation with VFT (r =-0.44, P = 0.07; r = -0.41, P = 0.09, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSympathetic remodeling is correlated with electrical remodeling at the IBZ in rabbits with chronic MI.

Action Potentials ; Animals ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Sympathetic Nervous System ; physiopathology

BACKGROUNDStudy on the promotive effects of N-nitrosopiperidine on carcinogenesis process was performed, based on the immortalization of human fetal esophageal epithelium induced by human papillomavirus (HPV) 18E6E7 genes.

METHODSThe immortalized esophageal epithelium SHEE was induced by HPV18E6E7. The cells at 17th passages were cultured in 50 ml flasks. The N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) 0, 2, 4, 8 mmol/L added to the cultured medium of SHEE cells for 3 weeks. The morphology, proliferation and apoptosis of the cells were studied by phase contrast microscopy and flow cytometry. Modal number of chromosomes was analyzed by standard method. Tumorigenicity of the cells was assessed by soft agar colony formation and by transplantation of cells into nude mice. Expression of HPV was detected by Western blot.

RESULTSWhen cells were exposed to high concentration (8 mmol/L) of NPIP, cell death was increased, leaving a few live cells. In normal cultural medium instead of NPIP proliferative status of the cells restored after 4 weeks and the cells progressed to the proliferation stage with continuous replication and atypical hyperplasia. At the end of the 8th week, the cells appeared with large colonies in soft-agar and tumor formation in transplanted nude mice. When the cells were cultured in 2, 4 mmol/L NPIP the doubling passage was delayed and without tumor formation in transplanted nude mice. Modal number of chromosomes was 61-65, in 8 mmol/L NPIP group and control group, 56-61. Expression of HPV18 appeared in experimental and control groups.

CONCLUSIONNPIP promotes malignant change of the immortalized esophageal epithelial cells induced by HPV18E6E7. HPV18E6E7 synergy with NPIP will accelerate malignant transformation in esophageal epithelium.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; drug effects ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; virology ; Esophagus ; cytology ; Flow Cytometry ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; physiology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasms, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nitrosamines ; toxicity ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; metabolism

ABSTRACT:OBJECTIVE To explore the preventive effect of evodiamine on inflammation associated colorectal carcinoma through the establishment of model in mice.METHODS The mice were administrated with AOM/DSS and divided into con-trol group,model group,low dose of evodiamine group(10EV)and high dose of evodiamine group(20EV).Body weights and death rates of mice were recorded once a week.The length of colorectum,tumor number and sizes were compared among all groups.Morphology of colorectal tissues in each group were stained by HE.Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect the expression of COX-2 and PCNA.RESULTS AOM/DSS caused the loss of body weight and increased mortality of mice, while evodiamine improved the condition,and also reduced the development of colorectal cancer,alleviated the inflammatory response and inhibited abnormal proliferation of cancer cells.CONCLUSION Evodiamine can display promising preventive effects on inflammation-associated colorectal cancer,which is relative to the reduction of inflammation and abnormal cell prolif-eration.

China ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; virology ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate angiogenesis of collagen-chitosan porous scaffold, and to study survive of skin grafts on the scaffold after bilayer dermal equivalent (BDE) was transplanted on wounds with full thickness skin defects.

METHODSThe full thickness skin defects were made on 10 Bama miniature pigs and the BDE composed of collagen-chitosan porous scaffold and silicone membrane was transplanted on wound. Angiogenesis in dermal equivalent, wound healing, and healing and survive of skin grafts on dermal equivalent were observed in 1, 2, and 3 weeks after the BDE transplantation. At the same time, CD34 positive signals (neo-forming micro-vessels) were detected by immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSInflammatory cells and fibroblasts infiltrated into dermal equivalent and a few new micro-vessels had been formed in 1 week after the BDE transplantation; neo-forming micro-vessels perpendicular to wound bed had increased significantly in 2 weeks after the BDE transplantation; neo-forming micro-vessels could be observed in almost all dermal equivalents in 3 weeks after the BDE transplantation. CD34 positive signals (neo-forming micro-vessels) in 3 weeks after the BDE transplantation was much more than those in 2 weeks after the BDE transplantation, and CD34 positive signals in 2 weeks after the BDE transplantation was much more than those in 1 week after the BDE transplantation. Survival rate of intermediate split thickness skin graft were 10%, 70% and 100% respectively after the skin grafts had been grafted for 2 weeks on surface of the scaffold which had been transplanted for 1, 2 and 3 weeks. Epidermis which had been grafted on surface of the scaffold for 1 or 2 weeks could perfectly survive after BDE had been transplanted for 1 or 2 weeks.

CONCLUSIONSCollagen-chitosan porous scaffold plays a very important role in wound healing of full thickness skin defect and can induce fibroblast infiltration and new micro-vessel formation. Epidermis grafted on surface of collagen-chitosan porous scaffold can perfectly repair wounds, and it has brilliant applied prospects in repairing skin defect.

Animals ; Chitosan ; Collagen ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Graft Survival ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Silicones ; Skin ; injuries ; Skin Transplantation ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Wound Healing

Purpose To evaluate the expression of Arginine-1 (Arg-1) and Glypican-3 (GPC-3) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-hepatocellular carcinoma,as well as to summarize the related researches.Methods 156 cases of HCC,5 cases of cholangiocarcinoma,20 cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma and 18 cases of other types of tumors were studied.Immunohistochemical study for Arg-1 and GPC-3 was performed on the formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor tissues.Results The positive expression rates of Arg-1 in HCC and non-hepatocellular carcinoma were 93.6％ (146/156) and 0 (0/43),respectively,meanwhile the expression rate decreased with decreasing of differentiation (r =-0.264,P =0.001).GPC-3 expression was observed in 141 of 156 cases of HCC (90.4％) and 6 of 43 cases of non-hepatocellular carcinoma (14％),and the expression rate increased with decreasing of differentiation (r =0.179,P =0.026).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Arg-1 and GPC-3 in distinguishing HCC from non-hepatocellular carcinoma were 93.6％,100％,100％,81.1％ and 90.4％,86％,96.0％,71.2％,respectively.Conclusion Arg-1 is a sensitive and specific marker of hepatocytes.The application of Arg-1 and GPC-3 is of great significance in diagnosis of HCC and liver metastatic adenocarcinoma.