Phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor with dual protein and lipid phosphatase activity.PTEN is involved multisystem diseases and cancer,though the mechanisms of PTEN regulation are far from clear.Recent advances concerning regulation of PTEN including protein-protein interaction,phosphorylation,ubiquitination,oxidation and acetylation will be discussed.

Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN) is a tumor suppressor which can inhibit proliferation and migration and control apoptosis in a number of cell types,mainly through inhibiting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K) signaling pathway.A number of in vitro and in vivo studies has been instrumental in uncovering a direct correlation between deregulated PTEN/PI3K signaling and changes in neuronal morphogenesis,which is likely to have profound bearings upon the pathogenesis of neurological symptoms.This review outlines recent work on the function of PTEN during the formation and maintenance of neuronal circuits in the brain.

Adult ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; etiology ; Dinitrobenzenes ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; chemically induced

Objective To observe the curative effect of autologous bone marrow stem cells implantation to bone inducing active material combined with core decompression in the treatment of early femoral head osteonecrosis (FHON).Methods From April,2010 to March,2012,in Department of Orthopaedics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,a total of 79 adult patients with 108 hips suffered from the early stage FHON were treated with autologous bone marrow stem cells implantation to bone inducing active material combined with core decompression through the core of the femoral canal,male of 65 cases,female of 14 cases,the mean age was 29.5 (20-50) years old.According to the etiology classification:the alcohol-induced FHON was in 54 patients with 66 hips,steroid-induced FHON in 14 patients with 20 hips,steroid and alcohol-induced ONFH was in 11patients with 22 hips.According to association research circulation osseous (ARCO)classifying,Ⅰ-A,Ⅰ-B,Ⅱ-A,Ⅱ-B phases were 6,16,8,and 78 hips,respectively.There were 43 hips in left side and 65 hips in the right side.Results All patients were followed up from 4 to 6 (4.8 ± 0.6) years.Compared with before operation,the scores of all patients were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05).All patients with hip pain symptoms were relieved or disappeared.The healing tine of the patients in all age groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05),and with the increase of age,the healing time was prolonged.The excellent and good rates of Ⅰ-A,Ⅰ-B,Ⅱ-Aand Ⅱ-B were 100％ (6 / 6),100％ (16/16),100％ (8/8),and 98.7％ (77/78).The X-ray showed that coarse channel osteogenic phenomenon is obvious,there is 1 case collapse of femoral head of stage Ⅱ-B,the rest were not collapse.Conclusion The treatment of early osteonecrosis of the femoral head with autologous bone marrow stem cells implantation to bone inducing active material combined with core decompressionis definitely effective,especially in patients with ARCO:Ⅰ-A,Ⅰ-B and Ⅱ-A phase,and the effect of ARCO:Ⅰ-A and Ⅱ-A is the best.

Objective To observe the changes of soluble L-selectin(sL-selectin) concentrations in children with viral encephalitis(VE) and probe its significance in pathogenesy and clinic.Methods Selecting 30 children with VE,including 14 mild case and 16 severe case.Collecting their venous blood and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) in acute and recovery stage.Using double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method to measure sL-selectin concentrations of serum and CSF and comparing with control group,respectively.Results SL-selectin concentrations from serum and CSF in the acute stage were significantly higher than those of control group(all P0.05).Conclusions L-selectin may participate in the pathologic course in VE.The concentrations of sL-selectin from serum and CSF are related with the patients′ condition and it has important reference value in judging patients′ condition,assessing their prognose and guiding clinical treatment.

Objective - （ ） To investigate the effects of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 NRF2 on the oxidative stress （ ） Methods ） ，， induced by trichloromethane TCM in human normal hepatocyte L02 cells. i L02 cells were stimulated with 1 2 ， ， ， （ ）， 4 8 12 16 and 20 mmol/L TCM solution dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and the control group and blank group were set ， - ， up. After culturing for 24 hours the cell viability was detected by CCK 8 colorimetric method and the concentration of TCM ） -， - stimulation was screened. ii L02 cells in logarithmic growth phase were randomly divided into control group and low medium - ， ， ， and high dose groups. After 24 hours of exposure to 0 4 8 and 12 mmol/L TCM the cells were collected. The activity of （ ）， （ ）， （ - ） （ ） superoxide dismutase SOD catalase CAT glutathione peroxidase GSH Px and the level of malondialdehyde MDA NRF2， - （HO-1）， were detected by colorimetric analysis. The mRNA expression levels of heme oxygenase 1 glutamate cysteine （GCLC） （） （NQO1） - ligase catalytic subunit and NAD P H quinone dehydrogenase 1 were detected by real time fluorescence ， - ， polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of NRF2 HO 1 GCLC and NQO1 were detected by Western blotting.Results ） ， ， ， ， i When the concentration of TCM was 4 8 12 16 and 20 mmol/L the survival rate of L02 cells decreased （ P ） ， ， significantly compared with the control group all <0.05 . The concentration of 0 4 8 and 12 mmol/L were selected as the ） ， - stimulation doses for subsequent experiments. ii Compared with the control group the activities of SOD and GSH Px in L02 （ P ） （ P ）， - cells in the three doses groups decreased all <0.05 and the levels of MAD increased all <0.05 with a dose effect - （P ）， relationship. The CAT activity of L02 cells in the medium dose group was lower than that in the control group <0.05 and the - （ P ） CAT activity of L02 cells in the high dose group was lower than that in the others three groups all <0.05 . Compared with the ， NRF2 - （P ），NRF2 control group the relative expression levels of mRNA in L02 cells in the low dose group decreased <0.05 - （P ）， NRF2 mRNA in L02 cells in the medium dose group increased <0.05 mRNA and NRF2 protein expression in L02 cells in （ P ） HO-1，GCLC， NQO1 ， the highdose group increased both <0.05 . The relative expression level of mRNA and GCLC NQO1 （ P ） protein expression in L02 cells in the three doses groups increased compared with the control group all <0.05 . The relative NRF2 - - - expression level of mRNA in L02 cells in the high dose group was higher than that in the low and medium dose groups （ P ）， - （P ）， both <0.05 and the relative expression of NRF2 protein was higher than that in the low dose group <0.05 but the HO-1 GCLC - - （ relative expression levels of and mRNA and HO 1 protein level were lower than those in the medium dose group all P ）Conclusion - <0.05 . TCM exposure can inhibit the proliferation of L02 cells by inducing oxidative stress with a dose effect ， relationship. In this process the antioxidant mechanism mediated by NRF2 was activated. The expression of antioxidant defense ， - ， and detoxification related target genes downstream of NRF2 signaling pathway was activated and the expression of HO 1 - GCLC and NQO1 was up regulated to alleviate the oxidative damage caused by TCM.

Animals ; Cadmium Chloride ; toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Estradiol ; toxicity ; Female ; Organ Size ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Uterus ; drug effects ; pathology

BackgroundRetinal pigment epithelial(RPE) cells can secrete platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and PDGF receptor(PDGFR).Studies have shown that PDGF plays a key role in the formation of proliferative vitreous retinopathy(PVR). ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the proliferation and apoptosis changes of RPE after blockage of the PDGFR-α expression by antisense oligonucleotide ( ASODN ) in vitro. Methods Human RPE cells strain was cultured in low glucose DMEM with 10％ fetal bovine serum.Logarithmic phase cells were collected and incubated in 96-well plate at the density of 5 × 105 cells/hole.PDGFR-α ASODN was transfected into RPE cells at different concentrations for 48 hours.The cells of the blank control group were regularly cultured without any transfection.The changes of PDGFR-α expression were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and the proliferation of RPE was detected by MTT as the A490 value.Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining was used to determine the apoptosis of RPE.Flow cytometry method (FCM) was applied to detect the change of cell cycle and apoptosis rate of RPE cells. ResultsThe A490 values of RPE cells were 1.45±0.12,1.07±0.06,0.65±0.05 in blank control group,1.0 μmol/L Lipo-ASODN group and 2.0 μmol/L Lipo-ASODN group with the significant difference(P=0.00 ),and that of 1.0 μmol/L Lipo-ASODN group and 2.0 μ mol/L Lipo-ASODN group were significantly lower than the blank control group ( P =0.00,0.00).Hoechst 33258 staining showed that the apoptosis cells were obviously more in Lipo-ASODN group compared with blank control group.PDGFR-α ASODN transfection induced an increase of percentage of RPE cells in G0/G1 phase( F =206.70,P =0.00),and the apoptosis rates in 1.0 μmol/L Lipo-ASODN group and 2.0 μmol/L Lipo-ASODN group were significantly enhanced in comparison with blank control group ( 37.8 ± 1.3 vs 10.5 ± 0.1,61.2 ± 1.9 vs 10.5 ± 0.1 ) ( F =1808.90,P =0.00 ).Expression intensity of PDGFR-α mRNA in RPE cells in Lipo-ASODN groups was lower. ConclusionsBlocking the PDGFR-α expression with ASODN technology can suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis of RPE cells.Intensity of PDGFR-α mRNA expression in RPE cells is ASODN dose-dependent.ASODN targeted to PDGFR-α offers an experimental basis of the gene therapy for PVR.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) is an important molecular marker in traditional Chinese medicine research, and it is widely used in TCM authentication. The present study created a new genotyping method by combining restriction endonuclease digesting with melting curve analysis, which is a stable, rapid and easy doing SNP genotyping method. The new method analyzed SNP genotyping of two chloroplast SNP which was located in or out of the endonuclease recognition site, the results showed that when attaching a 14 bp GC-clamp (cggcgggagggcgg) to 5' end of the primer and selecting suited endonuclease to digest the amplification products, the melting curve of Lonicera japonica and Atractylodes macrocephala were all of double peaks and the adulterants Shan-yin-hua and A. lancea were of single peaks. The results indicated that the method had good stability and reproducibility for identifying authentic medicines from its adulterants. It is a potential SNP genotyping method and named restriction endonuclease digest - melting curve analysis.
Atractylodes ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; metabolism ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; Drug Contamination ; Genotype ; Lonicera ; classification ; genetics ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Objective　To review the experience in the management of burned patients inflicted by inhalation injury in our institute in the past 42 years. Methods　Patients with inhalation injury were analyzed chronically in three different periods as 1958 to 1980, 1981 to 1990, and 1991 to 2000. Results　The mortality rates in general and in terms of different degrees decreased obviously with the elapse of time. In other words, the rates were 48.93%, 26.60% and 8.53 for the above three periods. Conclusion　The mortality of inhalation injury was decreased dramatically during the last decade in our institute. Five main measures consisting of inhalation of high concentration or pure oxygen, preventive tracheotomy, frequent tracheal lavage with small amount of lavage fluid at early stage of postburn, mechanical ventilation with PEEP and humidification as early as possible, and application of exogenous pulmonary surfactant contribute greatly to the decrement of death rate in the patients with inhalation injury.