AIM: To observe the effects of scleral buckling surgery for retinal detachment under microscope and under indirect ophthalmoscope.
METHODS: Forty - six patients ( 46 eyes ) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-six patients received surgeries under microscope was retrospectively analyzed and compared to that of 20 patients who received surgeries under indirect ophthalmoscope by the same operator.
RESULTS: No statistical difference was found in patients' operation method choice, including condensation reaction reattachment situation and the retina reset operation at a time ( P> 0. 05 ). The best corrected visual acuity of microscopic group after 1mo of operation was better than before operation, and the improving rate of vision after operation was higher than that of the traditional group (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION:The curative effect of external approach microsurgery has the similar efficacy with the conventional external approach surgery, and gets better visual acuity.

AIM:To establish the murine model of oxygen induced retinopathy ( OIR) and to evaluate the inhibition of retinal neovascularization by erythropoietin ( EPO) blockade.
METHODS: Neonates of C57BL/6 mouse ( P7 ) were exposed to 75%±2% oxygen for 5d and return to normal air environment when 12d ( P12 ) to establish oxygen-induced retinal neovascularization model. The neonates were divided into groups, injected with 0. 5μL solution containing 25ng ( group A), 50ng ( group B), 250ng ( group C) of soluble erythropoietin receptor ( EPO-R) or PBS (group D) at P12, P14 and P16 in the right eye. On P17, the litters were sacrificed and their right eyes were enucleated and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, made pathological section. The number of breakthrough internal limiting membrane neovascular nuclei was counted with pathological retinal morphology, understanding theproliferative degree of retinal neovascularization.
RESULTS: The pathological sections showed the neovascular cell nuclei which penetrating the inner limiting membrane in intravitreal EPO receptor injection group was reduced statistically than that in PBS injection group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). And, neovascular nuclei count differences in the
various concentrations of EPO receptor group was statistically significant (P<0. 01). With the EPO receptor concentration increase, neovascular endothelial cells broken through the internal limiting membrane was reduced.
CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of soluble EPO receptor can block EPO and improve neovascularization. The new method is expected to become new treatment of ocular neovascular diseases.

The chemical investigation on Ganoderma philippii led to the isolation of sixteen compounds by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. On the basis of spectroscopic data analyses, their structures were elucidated as 2, 5-dihydroxyacetophenone (1), methyl gentisate (2), (S) -dimethyl malate (3), muurola-4, 10 (14) -dien-11beta-ol (4), dihydroepicubenol (5), 5-hydroxymethylfuran carboxaldehyde (6), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (7), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3-one (8), ergosta-7, 22E-diene-2beta, 3alpha, 9alpha-triol (9), 6/beta-methoxyergo-sta-7, 22E-dien-3beta, 5alpha-diol (10), ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22E-tetraen-3-one (11), ergosta4, 6, 8-(14), 22E-etetraen-3beta-ol (12), 5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxy-ergosta-6, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (13), 7alpha-methoxy-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxyergosta-8-(14), 22E-dien-3beta-ol (14), ergosta-8, 22E-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta, 7alpha-tetraol (15), and ergosta-5, 23-dien-3beta-ol, acetate (16). All the compounds were obtained from this fungus for the first time, and compounds 4 and 5 were isolated from the Ganoderma genus for the first time.
Ganoderma ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; isolation & purification

AIM:To evaluate the effect of lipoic acid ( LA) on LPS-induced Parkinson disease ( PD) model of mice.METHODS:Female C57BL/6 mice of 10-month-old were randomly divided into saline control group , PD group and LA group.The PD mouse model was induced by intranasal instillation of LPS .Assays of tyrosine hydroxylase , microglia and nuclear factor kappa B ( NF-κB) were performed by the methods of immunohistochemistry and Western blotting .RE-SULTS:Intranasal LPS instillation exhibited basic characteristics of PD model .However, LA administration significantly improved motor dysfunction , protected dopaminergic neurons from damage , and inhibited NF-κB activation in inflammatory microglia in the substantia nigra area of the brain .CONCLUSION:LA may exert a profound neuroprotective effect by an-ti-neuroinflammatory reaction to arrest the progression of PD .

Adult ; Foot Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Melorheostosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; X-Rays

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; CDC2 Protein Kinase ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Glioma ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the possibility and mechanism of Dangguibuxue Decoction in early prevention of the development of atherosclerosis (AS) based on the study of the effect of Dangguibuxue Decoction on the signal transduction iter of nuclear transcription factor-kappa Bp65 (NF-κBp65) in monocyte activated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) in RAW264.7 cells. Methods The rabbits were randomly divided into the control group and medicated serum group and then given respectively normal saline and Dangguibuxue Decoction orally for preparing the medicated serum. The suspension of RAW264.7 cells was vaccinated into culture flask and cultured for 24 hours, and then divided into the blank control group, ox-LDL group, inhibitor group and medicated serum group. Except the blank control group all other groups were given 100 mg/L ox-LDL to activate RAW264.7 cells. After incubation the cells were collected. The expression of NF-κBp65 was detected by using immunohistochemistry assay, and the quantity of activated protein in RAW264.7 cells was detected by using immunoblotting technique. Results In ox-LDL group there were a lot of brown-yellow positive granules observed in the cytochylema and nucleus of RAW264.7 cells, and less in the medicated serum group. The ratio of protein band gray scale was 1.288 3±0.013 9 in the ox-LDL group and 0.918 9±0.015 3 in the medicated serum group. There was a significant difference statistically between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Dangguibuxue Decoction can down-regulate the protein expression and activation of NF-κBp65 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by ox-LDL. It may be one of the mechanisms of Dangguibuxue Decoction for antagonizing AS that the signal transduction iter of NF-κBp65 was blocked.

Objective To investigate the effect of escharectomy on rats' pulmonary NF-?B activation and the expression of pulmonary proinflammatory cytokines in early stage of burn injury.Method Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:group A(control group),group B(postburn without escharectomy),group C(escharectomy at early stage of burn injury).Thermal-injuried rats underwent 35% TBSA full-thickness burns. Activation of pulmonary NF-?B at 12 hours and 24 hours postburn was tested by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA),and at the same time expressions of pulmonary TNF-?mRNA were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and release of pulmonary TNF-?were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Compared with control group,activity of pulmonary NF-?B in group B was markedly increased,reached(19.56?1.36)?10~4 A at 12 hours and(15.23?1.94)?10~4 A at 24 hours,which was higher than that in group A[(4.36?0.38)?10~4 A,P

Technological improvement for microorgnism isolation is important since isolation provides substantial materials for the exploitation of new microbial resources. In this study, a new approach, dispersion and differential cetrifugation (DDC), was applied in the isolation of acidophilic and acidoduric streptomycetes from 12 acid soil samples. Contrast with traditional method, the new approach yielded satisfying results with 2 - 20 times isolation efficiency and good selectivity. 45 representatives out of 249 streptomycetes isolates, which belonged to 12 color groups, showed morphology and cell wall type consistent with streptomycetes. The optimum pH range for their growth were between pH 4.5 - 5.5. It is proved that we succeeded in the rare-streptomycetes isolation using DDC approach.

Objective To compare the diagnosis results of endemic skeletal fluorosis from clinical and X-rays examinations, in order to provide the foundation for revising clinical diagnostic standard of endemic skeletal fluorosis. Methods The 675 inhabitants aged 16 to 60 years old were retrospectively chosen as subjects in 15 villages drinking un-improved water, where they lived for 10 years or more. Drinking water fluoride were rated as 0.5,1.0, 1.5,2.0,2.2,2.4,3.0,3.5,4.0,6.0,7.0 mg/L levels in Qianan and Nongan County of Jilin Province. The clinical and X-rays results of endemic skeletal fluorosis were analyzed and compared at different drinking water fluoride levels. Results The clinically detectable rates of endemic skeletal fluorosis(21.43%,22.45% ,21.28%, 19.05%, 38.89%) were higher than that of X-rays(0,2.04%,0,4.76%, 12.96%, X2=7.96,9.49,11.19,4.08,9.45, P<0.05) when fluoride content of drinking water was 2.0,2.2,2.4,3.0,4.0 mg/L. X-rays detective rates were 0 at water fluorides levels of 2.0,2.4 mg/L and still low at water fluoride levels of 3.0,4.0 mg,/L. The difference of detective rates of endemic skeletal fluorosis between the clinical (1.00%,4.44%, 7.23%, 18.00%, 54.39%, 49.18%) and X-rays (0,2.22%, 3.61%, 8.00%, 36.84%, 52.46%) were not statistically significant at water fluorides levels of 0.5,1.0,1.5,3.5,6.0,7.0 mg/L(X2=1.00,0.17,0.47,2.21,3.54,0.13, P>0.05). Conclusions The detectable rates of skeletal fluorosis increase with the increased concentration of water fluoride, which is more reliable for clinical examination than for X-rays method.