Objective To evaluate the cranioplasty with Titanium mesh.Methods Clinical studies of 110 cases who accepted cranioplasty with Titanium mesh (2000-2001) were reviewed retrospectively.Results A satisfactory moulding with no complication occurred in 91%(100/110). The most common recent complication of cranioplasty with Titanium was subcutaneous hematoma(19/110); the next was epidural hematoma(3/110), intracerebral hematoma(3/110) and brain contusion(1/110). 69 cases more than 1 year after cranioplasty were followed, no one appeared long term complications such as infection, exposure or mobilization of the mending material.Conclusion The results of cranioplasty with Titanium mesh are satisfactory, the recent complications of the operation are mainly related to incompletely hemostasis, the long term complication occurred rarely.

Colon, Sigmoid/surgery* ; Colostomy ; Humans ; Ostomy ; Prolapse ; Surgical Stomas

To compare the effect and advantage of performing rhegmatogenous retina detachment surgery under operation microscope with under direct ophthalmoscopes .METHODS: Ninety - three patients ( 93 eyes ) were randomized to two groups, Group A ( under operation microscope during rhegmatogenous retina detachment surgery, 47 cases ) , Group B ( under direct ophthalmoscopes during rhegmatogenous retina detachment surgery, 46 cases ) . All patients were followed up for 2wk to observe success rate and visual improving rate.RESULTS: Total percentage of success was 95. 74% in group A and 80. 43% in group B. The visual improving rate of group A was 82. 98% and it was 67. 39% in group B. Operative time in group A was significantly shorter than that in group B (P<0. 05). CONCLUSlON: Performing rhegmatogenous retina detachment surgery under operation microscope is ascertaining and it is more effective and handy than performing that surgery under direct ophthalmoscopes.

Objective: To observe the effect of Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises) on the muscle strength in senile sarcopenia. Methods: Sixty-five old people with sarcopenia were randomized into Yi Jin Jing group and a blank control group. Thirty-three patients in Yi Jin Jing group practiced Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises), while 32 patients in the blank control group didn't receive any interventions. The muscle strength was measured before and after 12-week training. Results: During the study, each group had 1 dropout. The muscle strength was improved after 12-week training in Yi Jin Jing group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the blank control group (P>0.05). After the intervention, there was a significant difference between Yi Jin Jing group and the blank control group in comparing the muscle strength (P<0.05). Conclusion: Constant Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises) training can notably improve skeletal muscle strength in senile sarcopenia.

Objective To obtain the fusion genes of several human orphan G protein coupled receptors (oGPCRs) with Gi1α subtype of G protein and their expression system. Methods The whole open reading frames of GPR45, GPR85, GPR174 and Gilα were cloned by RT-PCR from HepG2 cDNA separately,and the corresponding fusion genes were amplified by overlap extension PCR. Then, the fusion genes-containing pBacmids were successfully constructed with the Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system indicated by specific transposition and virus recombination. The insect Sf9 cells were transfected with pBacmid-oGPCRs-Gi1α, and the supernatant containing recombinant virus was harvested. With the supernatant, insect Sf9 cells were infected under an optimized condition (MOI=5, infection time=72 h) and the fusion proteins were prepared and detected by Western blotting.Results The three fusion genes of GPCR45, GPR85 or GPR174 with Gi1α were obtained. The corresponding fusion proteins could be properly prepared in Sf9 cells.Conclusion Human oGPCRs could be fused with Gilα, and the fusion genes could be expressed using the Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system in insect Sf9 cells.

OBJECTIVETo explore the conversion rule of serological blood group and blood group substance after successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and to provide theory for clinical special blood type identification and blood transfusion.

METHODSThe growth cycle of recipient WBC and RBC, RBC chimera, blood group antibody production and remaining in full transition were observed. Conversion rule of blood group substance, contradiction between cells typing and sera typing were detected by saline medium tube method and microcolumn gel method after stem cells transplantation.

RESULTSThe average time of engraftment in 21 recipients was about 18.6 days, RBC growth cycle in 8 major blood type incompatibility was 56.6 days, 25.9 days in 9 minor blood type incompatibility, 67 days in 4 bidirectional blood type incompatibility (P < 0.01). The ratio of RBC chimeric growth was 1:9, gradually converse to donor's blood group. Residue of recipient anti-A(B) was left after conditioning regimen, disappeared after full transformation, and recipient anti-A(B) was converse to donor's blood type in major blood type incompatibility. 5 A blood type recipient donated by O blood type blood generated anti-B instead of anti-A, 3 B blood type recipient generated only anti-A instead of B in minor blood type incompatibility, and 1 AB blood type recipient donated by A did not generate anti-B. Among 4 bidirectional blood type incompatibility, 2 B blood type recipient donated by A blood type blood did not generate anti-B, 2 A recipient by B could not produce anti-A. Recipient blood group substance helped original ABO blood type substance remain unchanged.

CONCLUSIONAmong patient with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, recipient's ABO and RBC blood type can be converse to donor's, but there is significant difference between patients of serological blood group and of normal people (P < 0.01). Recipient blood group substance helps original ABO blood type substance remain unchanged (P > 0.01).

Adult ; Blood Donors ; Blood Group Antigens ; immunology ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; immunology ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Blood Transfusion ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Transplantation, Homologous ; immunology ; Young Adult

·AIM: To study the expressive variation of Nogo-A on rat retina in the process of chronic ocular hypertension. · METHODS: Thirty-six healthy adult male Wistars were randomly divided into control group (6 rats) and chronic hypertension group (30 rats). Chronic hypertension was created by cauterizing the superficial scleral veins. Immunohistochemistry technique was used to evaluate the expressive varieties of Nogo-A at different time points during the course of chronic ocular hypertension. · RESULTS: The success of the model was indicated by over 40% of increase in the IOP as compared with normal rats. Compared with control group, as time passed chronic hypertension group gradually had detectable morphology changes in the retina. At the 21st day of chronic ocular hypertension, retinas became thinner and the quantity of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) decreased (P<0.05). Assoicated with the morphological changes, the expression of Nogo-A was strongly increased (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Myelin associated protein Nogo-A plays a part in the process of chronic ocular hypertension.

Background Neovascular glaucoma is a type of refractory glaucoma.Biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation is a primary therapy and its long-term effectiveness is noticeable. Objective The goal of this Survey was to evaluate the effectiveness of biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation for neovascular glaucoma and compare the clinical outcome with simple glaucoma valve implantation. Methods This was a retrospective observational case series.The clinical data of 44 eyes of 44 patients received biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation for neovascular glaucoma and 43 eyes of 43 patients received simple glaucoma valve implantation for neovascular glaucoma were retrospectively analyzed and compared.The age,sex and disease-cause were matched between these two groups.Patients were followed-up for 24 months after operation.Surgery success was identified as the intraocular pressure(IOP)<21 mmHg after operation.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to the operation.Results The IOP was<21 mmHg throughout the follow-up duration in both groups.No significant difierence was found in the IOP value in 1 week after operation between two groups(t=-5.34,P=0.60).However,IOP values were lower in biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation group in 3,12 and 24 months after operation than those of simple glaucoma valve implantation(t=6.64,t=5.00,t=7.81,P<0.01).Operation successful rates in biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation group were 97.73％.93.18％。90.24％and 82.05％in 1 week,3 months,12 months and 24 months respectively after operation.and those in simple glaucoma valve implantation were 95.35％,71.43％,65.00％and 60.53％in corresponding time points,showing considerably significant differences between two groups (χ2=7.06,χ2=7.47,χ2=4.37,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in Ihe number of eyes with complication between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion The biological amnion combined with glaucoma valve implantation surgery may be more effective and safe for the treatment of neovascular glaucoma than with glaucoma va]ve only.

A2B adenosine receptor is involved in the control of mast cell degranulation, interleukin-8 synthesis and cell growth. A2B adenosine receptor antagonists may serve as novel drugs for asthma, Alzheimer' s disease, cystic fibrosis and type-II diabetes. Therefore, seeking for the highly selective A2B adenosine receptor antagonists has been one of great interest. The molecular basis, structure-activity relationship of selective A2B adenosine receptor antagonists and their interactions with A2B adenosine receptor were reviewed.
Adenosine ; pharmacology ; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists ; Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists ; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Xanthines ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects and complications of subinguinal microscopic ligation, laparoscopic transperitoneal varicocelectomy, laparoscopic retroperitoneal varicocelectomy, open retroperitoneal high ligation, and interventional embolotherapy in the treatment of varicocele.

METHODSWe conducted a retrospective study that included 632 varicocele patients treated by subinguinal microscopic ligation (group A, n = 79), laparoscopic transperitoneal varicocelectomy (group B, n = 120), laparoscopic retroperitoneal varicocelectomy (group C, n =137), open retroperitoneal high ligation (group D, n = 283), and interventional embolotherapy (group E, n = 13). We compared the baseline and 3-month postoperative semen parameters, postoperative complications, and pregnancy rate among the five groups of patients.

RESULTSThe operation time was longer in groups A ([2.02 ± 1.25] h) and E ([2.17 ± 1.02] h) than in the other three groups, while the postoperative hospital stay was the shortest in group E ([1.1 ± 0.1] d). Intestinal injury or incision bleeding occurred intraoperatively in 2 cases in group B and 1 case in group E. Postoperative scrotal edema developed in 3.7, 17, 10, and 19% of the patients in groups A, B, C, and D, respectively, but not in group E. The rate of 1-year recurrence was the lowest in group A (1.6%) and highest in group E (22%). Sperm concentration and the percentages of progressively motile sperm and morphologically normal sperm were improved postoperatively in all the patients (P < 0. 05), but there were no statistically significant differences among the five groups either in the above three parameters or in the postoperative pregnancy rate (P > 0. 05).

CONCLUSIONIn the surgical treatment of varicocele, laparoscopic retroperitoneal approach involves short operation time and few complications, subinguinal microscopic ligation has the advantages of little injury, rapid recovery, and few complications but requires specialized microsurgical techniques, and interventional embolotherapy leaves no incision scar and needs only local anesthesia and 1-day postoperative hospital stay, which is uitable for those with a contraindication to anesthesia.

Embolization, Therapeutic ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Length of Stay ; Ligation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Male ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Recurrence ; Retroperitoneal Space ; Retrospective Studies ; Sperm Count ; Urogenital Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Varicocele ; surgery ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods