Objective: To investigate the effect of Scutellaria barbata D. Don on the expression of ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10) in primary liver cancer tissues in rats. Methods: Total of 120 Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal, model, matrine and Scutellaria barbata D. Don groups. The model of rat bearing primary liver cancer was induced by diethylnitrosamine. The rats in the matrine group and Scutellaria barbata D. Don group were fed with matrine and Scutellaria barbata D. Don powder, respectively. The rats in the normal group and model group were fed with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The number of hepatocellular carcinoma nodules was calculated, and the tumor growth inhibition rate was also calculated. The pathologic changes of hepatic tissues in rats of each group were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expressions of ADAM10 in liver cancer tissues in these four groups were determined by immunohistochemistry and Western boltting. Results: The number of hepatocellular carcinoma nodules of the matrine group and Scutellaria barbata D. Don group was less than that of the model group (P < 0.05) with the appearance of apoptotic bodies. The tumor growth inhibition rate of Scutellaria barbata D. Don group was higher than that of the matrine group (P < 0.05). The positive expression rate and the expression level of ADAM10 in liver cancer tissues of the model group were significantly higher than those of the normal group (P < 0.05). The positive expression rate and the expression level of ADAM10 in liver cancer tissues of matrine group and Scutellaria barbata D. Don group were lower than those of the model group (P < 0.05). The positive expression rate and the expression level of ADAM10 in liver cancer tissues of Scutellaria barbata D. Don group were lower than those of matrine group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Scutellaria barbata D. Don may inhibit the growth of primary liver cancer in rats through down-regulating the expression of ADAM10. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

BACKGROUND:Clinical physicians should pay attention on how to reduce ankle fracture healing wounds, reduce bleeding, improve operating technique, and improve repair effect, especialy for comminuted fracture. It is necessary to understand how to develop a detailed plan before repair, observe specific circumstances of the fracture from multiple angles, and establish three-dimensional images using two-dimensional X-ray films or CT scan. These raise a chalenge for each physician. OBJECTIVE:To explore the application effect of three-dimensional print, minimaly invasive percutaneous screw and locking plate fixation in the repair of ankle fractures. METHODS: A total of 26 cases of fracture of ankle joint were treated from January 2012 to June 2014. There were 9 cases of double ankle fracture, 12 cases of three ankle fractures, and 5 cases of three ankle fractures involved PILON fracture on the lower tibia. They received spiral CT scanning on the ankle joint, and stored in the format of di.com. After processing with minics software, data were converted into STL format, and then input into the three-dimensional printer. Thus, models of ankle joint were made at the ratio of 1:1. The repair scheme was made. After discharge, X-ray films were checked every month to observe the healing condition of fractures. According to Mazur ankle score standard, ankle joint function was assessed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Al 26 cases were folowed up for 6-12 months. The fractures were healed. The healing time was 4-6 months, averagely 5.5 months. The healing was good, without vascular and nerve damage, or plate breakage. In accordance with the Mazur ankle score standard, there were excelent in 11 cases, good in 13 cases with an excelent and good rate of 92%. The operation time was (64±15) minutes, and intraoperative blood loss was (100±15) mL. The incision was healed in stage one. These findings confirm that the simulation training and operation in fracture models of three-dimensional print have smal injuries to patients with ankle fracture. The bleeding was less, the operation was simple, the healing time was short, and the functional recovery was rapid, especialy for comminuted fracture.

Human gut microbiota plays a key role in the development of obesity. Intestinal flora can regulate energy absorption and nutrition metabolism, increasing the energy harvesting from diet. Alteration of gut flora produces excessive lipopolysaccharide, which, when absorbed into the blood, can induce inflammatory reactions and promote the high-fat diet-associated obesity and metabolic syndrome. Intestinal flora increase visceral fat deposition by lowering the expression of Fiaf in intestinal mucosa. Different immune status also affects the intestinal flora.The gut microbiota is hypothesized to be an environmental factor that contributes to obesity; by interacting with factors such as host and diet, it adjusts the energy metabolism. Antibiotics or probiotics may alter the composition of intestinal microflora and improve the metabolic syndrome, and thus provides new treatment options.
Animals ; Diet, High-Fat ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; microbiology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; etiology ; Mice ; Obesity ; microbiology ; therapy ; Probiotics ; therapeutic use

Iodine, an essential component of the hormones produced by the thyroid gland, is widely but unevenly distributed in the earth's environment. Great difference exists in the iodine nutritional status of populations residing in different region. Both iodine deficiency and iodine excess can injure the thyroid gland. Iodine deficiency tigers endemic goiter, cretinism, and hyperthyroidism, while iodine excess can result in high iodine goiter, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, iodine-induced hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism; also, iodine deficiency or excess may affect the histological type of thyroid cancer. In 1996, China began to implement the universal salt iodization policy, which has basically eliminated the iodine deficiency disorders nationwide; however, it also caused the changes in the spectra of other thyroid diseases including iodine-induced hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroid disease, and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Individualized iodine nutritional status assessment for the populations, particularly those with thyroid diseases, will be beneficial.
China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Iodine ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; deficiency ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; adverse effects ; Thyroid Diseases ; epidemiology ; etiology

Bariatric surgery is an effective way to achieve long-term weight reduction in severely obese patients. This article illuminates the indications, procedures, complications, and results of bariatric surgery for severe obesity.
Bariatric Surgery ; methods ; Gastric Bypass ; methods ; Gastroplasty ; methods ; Humans ; Obesity, Morbid ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility of laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative partial gastrectomy,a minimally invasive surgery, in treating gastric submucosa lesion.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 63 patients [34 women and 29 men, aged (52.8±18.1) years (range:14 to 78 years)] who had undergone laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative partial gastrectomy with preserving cardia and pylorus for gastric submucosal tumor in the past 6 years. All of the patients were followed up for 2-69 months (average 35 months). The clinicopathological data, surgical approaches, and follow-up results were analyzed.

RESULTSThe surgery was successfully performed in all these 63 patients, among whom 61 were assisted by endoscopy. The most common symptom was dyspepsia. The mean distance from the lesions locating at fundus or antrum to cardia or pylorus was(2.9±1.1)cm. The minimum distance from tumor edge to cardia was 1cm. The diseases included gastrointestinal stromal tumor (n=54), carcinoid tumors (n=3), ectopic pancreas (n=2), lipoma (n=2), and leiomyoma (n=2). The tumor size ranged from 0.8 to 8.2cm, with 44 lesions (69.8%) less than 2cm. Forty-five lesions(71.4%) were located at fundus, 12 (19.0%) at body, and 6 (9.6%) at antrum. No recurrence or death was noted during follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSLaparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative partial gastrectomy is feasible for treating gastric submucosal tumor. Endoscopy is useful for intraoperative localization and supporting, and therefore is especially helpful for preserving cardia and pylorus.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastric Mucosa ; pathology ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the prognostic effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with local advanced gastric cancer.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed prognosis in 191 patients with advanced gastric cancer, of whom 71 were treated with NAC and 120 received surgery only between February 2007 and July 2013. Postoperative complication rate was recorded. Survival by clinicopathological features, pathological T and N stages, and histopathological tumor regression was retrospectively compared between the two groups.

RESULTSAccording to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, none of the 71 patients in the NAC followed by surgery group showed complete response, 36 showed partial response, 25 had stable disease, and 10 had progressive disease. The chemotherapy response rate was 50.7%; the disease control rate was 85.9%. Grade 3/4 adverse events were seen in less than 20% patients, with acceptable toxicities. No difference was found in the overall postoperative complication rates between the two groups (7 versus 22 cases, P=0.18). Median survival time was significantly different, at 54 months in the NAC combined with surgery group and 25 months in the surgery-only group (P=0.025).

CONCLUSIONIn patients with operable gastric adenocarcinomas, NAC can significantly improve overall survival without increasing surgical complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; pathology

Objective To discuss how to protect the intracranial vertebral artery and posterior inferior cerebellar artery by observing and measuring the intracranial vertebral artery in the surgery adopt far lateral approach. Methods Mimicking far lateral approach, 20 adult cadaveric heads connected to neck fixed with 10% formalin were dissected. Intracranial segment of the vertebral arteries and their main branches were exposed and measured under operating microscope. Results The intracranial vertebral artery joined with the contralateral one into the basilar artery after traveling through the atlanto-occipital sulcus. The relationship between the vertebral artery and the hypoglossal nerve is close. Thirty sides (75%) of the vertebral arteries traveled to pons medulla sulcus in front of the hypoglossal nerve roots and 2 sides (5%) behind the hypoglossal nerve roots, while 8 sides (20%) traveled among the hypoglossal nerve roots; 70% of the vertebral arteries were contacted to the hypoglossal nerve roots, 30% of which compressed the hypoglossal nerve. The main branches of intracranial segment of the vertebral arteries were the posterior inferior cerebellar arteries, the anterior spinal arteries, the posterior meningeal arteries,and some perforating arteries. Posterior inferior cerebellar arteries all originated from the intracranial vertebral artery were the largest vertebral artery's branches; their trip was mostly loop-shaped and they had close relationship with Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ cranial nerves. The starting points of the posterior inferior cerebellar arteries were different, even in the same specimen, but most of them originated from the upper 1/3intracranial vertebral artery. No anterior inferior cerebellar artery was noted originated from the vertebral artery in our specimen. Anterior spinal arteries originated from the vertebral arteries joined with the branches of the bilateral vertebral arteries and traveled down through the tortuous anterior median fissure to supply the spinal cord. Conclusion Being familiar with the characteristics and anatomic vertebral arteries variations of the intracranial vertebral artery and its branches can contribute to identify and protect the intracranial segment of the vertebral artery and its main branches in the surgery adopt far-lateral approach.

ObjectiveTo test the effect of human tremor detector in clinic based on the principle of photoelectrical transformation.MethodsFifty-five subjects including normal youth and elderly persons, patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), hyperthyroidism and cerebellor ataxia were tested with human tremor detector. The displacement, frequency spectrograph, velocity and acceleration of both hands in four kinds of postures and action were involved.ResultsThe physiological tremor and pathological tremor in different kinds of patients were significantly different (P<0.05). Especially in PD, both quantitive and qualitative data had a significant difference.ConclusionHuman tremor detector can provide the evidence for early diagnosis of PD.

OBJECTIVETo study the changes in the constituent ratio of patients received surgical therapy for their thyroid diseases in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1986 to 2012.

METHODSThe clinical data of patients received surgical therapy with pathologically confirmed findings from 1986 to 2012 were collected, and a corresponding database was established. The constituent ratios of thyroid diseases and thyroid malignant tumor among different population groups in different years were analyzed.

RESULTSThe number of patients with thyroid diseases admitted to our hospital had significantly increased in the past 27 years, particularly those with nodular goiter or thyroid cancer. The composition ratios of thyroid cancer and nodular goiter increased significantly, and among malignancies the papillary thyroid carcinoma increased obviously. The detection rate of papillary thyroid micro-carcinoma had continuously increased since 2008.

CONCLUSIONThyroid diseases and malignant tumor pathological types had dramatically changed in hospitalized patients in our hospital in the past 27 years.

Adult ; Female ; Goiter, Nodular ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Diseases ; epidemiology ; surgery ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology