In order to enhance the survival rate of abalone larvae, antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed on the bacteria isolated from whitened postlarvae, biofilm and the pond water of abalone (Haliotis diversicolor superteta) and proven to be virulent pathogens by challenge tests. API tests indicated that the isolates were mainly comprised of Vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the total Vibrio number of which was seventeen and made up about 50% of the total population. Among vibrios, Vibrio alginolyticus was the dominant strain (11 isolates) and made up 70%. Antibiotic susceptibility tests demonstrated that while majority isolates exhibited relatively high sensitivities toward streptomycin, erythromycin and gentamycin, they nevertheless displayed resistance to tetracycline and novobiocin. Results clearly indicated that streptomycin, erythromycin and gentamycin could be potentially used to suppress vibrio growth and hence improve abalone postlarval survival rate.

1.5 cm in diameter) are significant risk factors for the failure of stone clearance. Prophylactic cholecystectomy of an acalculous gallbladder is unnecessary.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of performing closed circuit ventilation with Ohmeda Excel 210 plus ventilator 7900 in the infant anesthesiaMethods Thirty lip cleft or palate cleft infants with body weight under 10 kg were enrolled into the studyIn a sequence of before and after, the parameters of respiratory dynamics were compared between closed circuit ventilation and Jackson-Rees circuit ventilation RR 22 frequency/min, I:E 1:15 and P ETCO 2 40mmHg were set as constant parameters, tidal volume (VT) was adjusted accordinglyThe total respiratory compliance (CT), airway peak pressure (Ppeak), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), fractional concentration of CO 2 in inspiratory gas (FiCO 2), first second forced expiratory volume rate (FEV 10%) were measured during closed circuit and Jackson-Rees circuit ventilationsResults As compared with those during the Jackson-Rees circuit ventilation, PEEP increased significantly and FiCO 2 decreased markedly during the closed circuit ventilationThere were no significant differences in Ppeak, VT, CT, FEV 10%, MAC, SpO 2, HR and MAP between closed circuit ventilation and Jackson-Rees circuit ventilationConclusions It is feasible to perform closed circuit ventilation with Ohmeda Excel 210 plus ventilator 7900 in the infant anesthesia

Hospital Research Branch to provide diversity of services should rely on a combination of different professionals composite research management department.This paper analyzes the current status of the hospital research management staff proposed the formation of complex multifunctional research subjects and their personnel training programs,and the staff have made short-term and long-term co-ordination of running countermeasures,as well as multi functional management functions method.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of isoflurane anesthesia on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) in neonatal rat hippocampus.MethodsForty-eight SD rats of both sexes,aged 7 days,weighing 12-17 g,were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n =24 each):control group (group C) and isoflurane anesthesia group (group Ⅰ).In group Ⅰ,the rats were exposed to2.5％ isotlurane for 3 min and then 1.5％ isoflurane was inhaled for 4 h,while in group C the rats were exposed to air for4 h.Arterial blood samples were collected immediately after anesthesia for blood gas analysis and for determination of the blood glucose concentration.Five rats in each group were sacrificed at 0,6,24 and 48 h after anesthesia (T1-4) and hippocanpi were removed for determination of the expression of potassiumchloride cotransporter 2 (KCC2),potassium-chloride cotrmsporter 1 (NKCC1),BDNF and p-ERK by Western blot.NKCC1/KCC2 ratio was calculated.ResultsAcid-base imbalance,hypoxemia and glycopenia were not found immediately after anesthesia in both groups.Compared with group C,KCC2 expression was significantly down-regulated and NKCC1/KCC2 ratio was increased at T3 and T4,and the expression of BDNF and p-ERK was dewn-regnlated at T1 and T2 in group Ⅰ (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in NKCCI expression at each time point between groups Ⅰ and C ( P ＞ 0.05 )、ConclusionIsoflurane anesthesia delays the neuronal development in neonatal rat hippocampus through down-regulating the expression of BDNF and p-ERK.

Objective To investigate the effects of isoflurane anesthesia on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the dentate gyrus of neonatal rats.Methods Ten SD rats,aged 7 days,weighing 16-20 g,were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n =5 each):control group (group C) and isoflurane group (group 1) .The rats in group Ⅰ inhaled 2.5％ isoflurane for 3 min for induction and then anesthesia was maintained with 1.5 ％ isoflurane for 4 h,while the rats in group C only breathed the room air for 4 h.Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) 100 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally right before the induction and after the end of administration to label NSCs and their progeny in the dentate gyrus.At 24 h after the 2nd administration of BrdU,double immunofluorescence for BrdU and NeuroD (a marker of neuroblasts and immature neurons) was used to assess NSC proliferation and neuronal differentiation.Results Compared with group C,the number of BrdU+ cells in group Ⅰ was significantly decreased,whereas the fraction of NeuroD+/BrdU+ differentiated cells was increased in the dentate gyrus( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ).Conclusion Isoflurane anesthesia suppresses the proliferation of NSCs and induces neuronal differentiation of NSCs in the dentate gyrus of neonatal rats.

Objective To investigate the effects of different afferent nerve injury on development of neuropathic pain and its relationship with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in rats. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats aged 2 months weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 3 groups:group Ⅰ sham operation (group S); group Ⅱ sural nerve injury (group SUR) and group Ⅲ gastrocnemius-soleus nerve injury (group GS). Sural nerve and gastrocnemius-soleus nerve were transected in group SUR and GS respectively. Paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey filament stimulation was measured the day before and at day 3 and 7 after operation. The animals were killed at postoperative day 7 after the measurement of paw withdrawal threshold. The ipsllateral L5 DRG and L5 segment of the spinal cord were removed. BDNF expression in the spinal dorsal horn was determined. The percentage of BDNF positive neurons and ATF-3 positive neurons in the total DRG neurons and the percentage of BDNF positive neurons in the damaged neurons (ATF-3 positive) were calculated. Results Mechanical hyperalgesia developed after transection of gastrocnemius-soleus muscle in group GS. Mechanical pain threshold was sinificantly lower, while BDNF expression in the spinal dorsal horn and the percentage of BDNF positive neurons in total DRG neurons were significantly higher in group GS than in group S and SUR (P ＜ 0.01). There was no significant difference in all variables between group SUR and S (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of ATF-3 positive neurons in the total DRG neurons between group GS and SUR (P ＞ 0.05), but the percentage of BDNF positive neurons in the damaged neurons (ATF-3 positive) was significantly higher in group GS than in group SUR (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Transection of the afferent nerve innervating muscle can produce neuropathic pain through up-regulation of BDNF expression in spinal dorsal horn and DRG in rats, while transection of the afferent nerve innervating skin can not.

Background The dosage of verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) for central exudative chorioretinopathy(CEC) depends on the calculation formula of Treatment of Age-related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy Study Group(TAP)and Verteporfin in Photodynamic Therapy Study Group(VIP).Some local adverse responses or normal tissue damage have been noted under the standard dose of verteporfin during the treatment of CEC.So it is necessary to explore an appropriate therapeutic dosage of verteporfin.Objective This clinical study aimed to observe and compare the clinical efficacy and safety of different doses of verteporfin PDT for CEC.Methods Ninety eyes of 90 patients with CEC were enrolled in this study with the approval of the Ethic Commission of Affiliated Second Hospital of Nanchang University.Written informed consent was obtained before PDT.The patients were randomly divided into standard dose group,half dose group and 1/3 dose group.All of the patients received PDT.Standard dose(6 mg/m2),3 mg/m2 or 2 mg/m2 of verteporfin was applied in the three groups respectively,with the laser intensity 50 J/cm2.The patients were followed-up for 3 months.Repeat treating regimen was performed in the same way in the patient with fundus fluorescein leakage after initial PDT.Results The BCVA(logMAR) value was 0.44±0.36 after PDT in the standard dose group.Visual acuity improved in 20 patients (66.67％),stabilized in 8 patients(26.67％)and decreased in 2 patients (6.67％).The BCVA showed a significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative BCVA (t =6.719,P =0.000).CNV disappeared in 19 patients (63.33％),obviously improved in 7 patients (23.33％),partially disappeared in 3 patients (10.00％) and unchanged in 1 patient (3.33％).The central fovea thickness (CFT)value was significantly declined in postoperation compared with preoperation (t =5.758,P =0.000).Eight patients received secondary PDT with the recurrence rate 26.67％.In the half dose group,visual acuity improved in 18 patients(60.00％),stabilized in 11 patients(36.67％)and decreased in 1 patient (3.33％).CNV disappeared in 16 patients (53.33％),obviously improved in 8 patients (26.67％),partially disappeared in 5 patients (16.67％) and unchanged in 1 patient (3.33 ％).Significant difference was seen between the preoperative BCVA and postoperative BCVA(t=8.294,P =0.000).The decrease of C FT was significant in postoperation(t =8.493,P =0.000).Ten patients received secondary treatment with the recurrence rate 33.33％.In 1/3 dose group,visual acuity improved in 8 patients (26.67 ％),stabilized in 12 patients (40.00％),decreased in 10 patient (33.3％).CNV disappeared in 8 patients (26.67％),obviously improved in 8 patients (26.67％),partially disappeared in 6 patients (20.00％) and unchanged in 8 patient (26.67％).There was no significant difference between the preoperative BCVA and postoperative BCVA (t =0.536,P =0.596).The difference between preoperative CFT and postoperative CFT was insignificant(t =0.942,P=0.354).Fourteen patients received secondary PDT and 8 patients received three times with the recurrence rate 73.33％.Conclusions 3 mg/m2 verteporfin PDT for CEC shows a similar clinical efficiency and safety to 6 mg/m2 verteporfin.3 mg/m2 verteporfin PDT can decrease cost,but the effect of 2 mg/m2verteporfin PDT is not satisfacted.

Objective To explore the mechanisms of posterior pilon fractures and evaluate the curative effects of different types of fixation on the treatment of posterior pilon fractures.Methods We included in this retrospective study 20 patients with posterior pilon fracture who had been treated from January 2012 to January 2015 at our department.They were 10 men and 10 women,from 23 to 77 years of age (average,50.6 years).According to the classification by Yu Guangrong,5 cases belonged to type Ⅰ,3 to type Ⅱa,4 to type Ⅱb,and 7 to type Ⅲ.One was not indentified because of lacking CT examination.The mechanisms included ground level fall in 2 cases,motor vehicle accident in 7,fall off stairs in 5,sport injury in 2,fall from a bike in one and fall from a height in 3.More than 25％ of the articular surface was involved in 13 patients.Syndesmosis injury was identified in 6 patients by Cotton test during operation.Internal fixation varied accordingly.We recorded the mechanism,classification,proportion of the articular surface involved (more or less than 25％),and syndesmosis injury to figure out the characteristics of posterior pilon fractures.We used the Burwell-Charnley radiographic criteria to assess the postoperative reduction of the articular surface,and the Olerud-Molander scoring scale and visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess the ankle function.The curative effects of different types of fixation on the treatment of posterior pilon fractures were compared.Results Of the 20 patients,17 were available for follow-up for 6 to 36 months (average,17.8 months).Two patients received reoperation because of implant failure after cannulated screw fixation from anterior to posterior.The Burwell-Charnley radiographic evaluation revealed 12 anatoinical reducations and 8 fair reductions.The mean Olerud-Molander score for the 17 patients at the final follow-ups was 81.5 (range,from 35 to 100) and the mean walking VAS was 1 (from 0 to 3).Conclusions Posterior pilon fractures are mostly caused by medium to high energy violence,resulting from a combination of rotational and vertical forces.Since there is a high risk of implant failure,the cannulated screw fixation from anterior to posterior is not recommended.Good clinical outcomes are observed in the cannulated screw fixation from posterior to anterior and the plate/cannulated screw fixation for posterior pilon fractures.

Objective To investigate the changes of NF-κB p65, IL-6 and cell apoptosis in sec-ondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury and the influence of fenofibrate on these parameters in rats. Methods Ninety-eight male Sprague-Dawley ( SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups:fenofibrate group ( n =49) and control group ( n =49) .The fenofibrate group was induced with the improved Feeney method and received intragastrica of lipanthyl 60 mg/(kg? d) immediately after injury.The control group were received intragastrica of sodium chloride injection 2 ml/( kg? d) immediately after injury and twice everyday until rats were killed.Each group was divided into seven subgroups by sacrificed time after injury, those were 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, and 7 d, and each subgroup got 7 rats.Each subgroup was ran-domly selected three rats after being killed to detect expressions of NF-κB p65 and IL-6 of rat contusion peri tissues brain tissues with immunohistochemical method.While using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling ( TUNEL) method was used to observe the peri cell apoptosis after brain contusion.Results The expressions of NF-κB p65 and the IL-6 in each fenofibrate group were significantly decreased relative to the control group ( P <0.05),and a significant positive correlation between both pa-rameters in two groups ( P <0.01) .At the same time, the number of apoptotic cells was decreased ( P <0.05).Conclusions Fenofibrate was probably through the route of relieving inflammation response to re-duce the change of secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury and decrease neural cell apoptosis, and then provide protection of neurocytes.