AIM:To explore efficacy of the different kinds of artificial tears treatment in patients with xerophthalmia after phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation.METHODS:Totally 280 patients (280 eyes) with xerophthalmia after operation in our hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 were selected.According to the different treatment methods, they were divided into control group (n=70;treated with tobramycin and dexamethasone eye ointment 3 times per day for 1wk, levofloxacin eye drops 3 times per day for 1wk, pranoprofen eye drops 4 times per day for 1mo), polyacrylic acid group (n=70;besides the treatment of control group, polyacrylic acid was used 4 times per for 1mo), polyethylene glycol group(n=70;besides the treatment of control group, polyethylene glycol was used 4 times per for 1mo) and sodium hyaluronate group (n=70;besides the treatment of control group, sodium hyaluronate was used 4 times per for 1mo).The tear film break up time (BUT), Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt), symptoms of dry eye and corneal staining in four groups were observed.RESULTS:(1) BUT:The BUT of the four groups significantly increased after treatment(P<0.05);that of polyacrylic acid group, polyethylene glycol group, and sodium hyaluronate group was different compared with control group(P<0.05);the BUT in sodium hyaluronate group was significantly higher than the other groups after 2wk of treatment(P<0.05).(2) SⅠt:SⅠt of the four groups significant increased after treatment(P<0.05);that of polyacrylic acid group, polyethylene glycol group, and sodium hyaluronate group was different compared with control group(P<0.05);and the SⅠt in sodium hyaluronate group was significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05).(3) Xeroma score:the scores of dry eye significantly decreased after treatment in the four groups(P<0.05);that of polyacrylic acid group, polyethylene glycol group, and sodium hyaluronate group was different compared with control group(P<0.05);and the scores of the sodium hyaluronate group after 3wk was significantly lower compared with other groups(P<0.05).(4) Corneal staining score:the scores significantly decreased after treatment in the four groups(P<0.05);at 1 and 2wk after treatment the corneal staining score had not statistically different among the four groups (P>0.05);sodium hyaluronate group was significant lower than other groups in corneal staining score at 3wk and 1mo after treatment(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Artificial tears in the treatment of xerophthalmia after cataract phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation has better clinical efficacy, which contains sodium hyaluronate may be the better than others.

OBJECTIVESTo investigate targeted blockage of BCR/ABL oncoprotein mediated cell transformation by STAT5 decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), its effect on the growth and proliferation inhibition of K562 cells and the related molecular mechanisms.

METHODSSTAT5 decoy ODN, designed and synthesized in vitro, was transfected into K562 cells by cationic lipid. The cell growth curve and colony formation assay were used to reflect the growth and proliferation capacity of K562 cells, RT-PCR to detect the expression of three genes downstream STAT5.

RESULTSConfocal microscopy demonstrated that STAT5 decoy ODN was successfully transfected into K562 cells (95.2% positive cells). STAT5 decoy ODN inhibited the growth of K562 cells (inhibition rate 77.7%) and their colony formation capacity (Decoy ODN treated group 8.3% vs control group 35.7%, P < 0.05) after the treatment with STAT5 decoy ODN, the expressions of c-myc, bcl-X(L), cyclin D1 mRNA were down-regulated by 15.4%, 30.8%, 29.1%, respectively in the K562 cells.

CONCLUSIONSSTAT5 decoy ODN inhibits the growth and proliferation of K562 cells. The mechanisms may be that decoy ODN blocks the transcriptional activation potent of STAT5 and down-regulates the expression of these tumor related genes downstream STAT5.

Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin D1 ; genetics ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Liposomes ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; STAT5 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; physiology ; Transfection ; bcl-X Protein ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo determine the physicochemical properties of the mutanase of Trichoderma harzianum isolated from China and to study the influence of mutanase on the adherence of oral Streptococci and the structure of oral biofilms.

METHODSSix fungal strains belonging to Trichoderma were tested for mutanase production in the same cultural condition, the strain producing the highest mutanase activity was studied further and the pH and temperature optimum of the enzyme was determined. The RT-PCR method was used to obtain the gene coding for mutanase and the product was cloned to pMD18-T simple vector for sequencing. Inhibition effects of mutanase on the adherence of Streptococcus sobrinus OMZ176, Streptococcus sobrinus 6715, Streptococcus mutans MT8148 were studied by adherence test. The optical sectioning of biofilms with or without mutanase supplementation were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

RESULTSThe highest enzymatic activity was achieved by Trichoderma harzianum Th1, the maximum activity was at pH 5.5 and at 40 degrees C. The nucleotide sequence was 92% homology with that of a known gene coding a mutanase (GenBank accession No. AJ243799). The adherence of Streptococcus sobrinus OMZ176, Streptococcus sobrinus 6715, Streptococcus mutans MT8148 was significantly inhibited by mutanase. Compared with control, the biofilms with mutanase supplementation had lower height and sparser structure.

CONCLUSIONSThe mutanase from Trichoderma harzianum Th1 can inhibit the adherence of oral Streptococci and had an influence on the structure of oral biofilms.

Bacterial Adhesion ; drug effects ; Biofilms ; Glycoside Hydrolases ; chemistry ; physiology ; Streptococcus mutans ; drug effects ; Streptococcus sobrinus ; drug effects ; Trichoderma ; enzymology ; pathogenicity

OBJECTIVETo investigate the management of incidental prostate cancer after TURP by laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP).

METHODSBetween April 2005 and December 2011, we treated 4 cases of incidental prostate cancer with p504s (+) by LRP, 1 at 3 mon, while the other 3 at 1.5 mon after TURP.

RESULTSThe operations were successfully performed in all the 4 cases, all by extraperitoneal approach. Postoperative pathology showed prostate cancer in 2 of the cases with Gleason scores of 6-7, high-level epithelial neoplasia in 1, and no malignancy in the other. Postoperative observation and 1-79 mon follow-up visit revealed good urinary function but no obvious urinary incontinence, metastasis and erectile dysfunction.

CONCLUSIONWith practiced laparoscopic skills, laparoscopic radical prostatectomy may achieve satisfactory results in the treatment of incidental prostate cancer after TURP.

Aged ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatectomy ; methods ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the positive frequency and distribution of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody(GAD-Ab) in phenotypic type 2 diabetic(T2DM) patients.

METHODSSera of 2035 phenotypic T2DM patients were screened for GAD-Ab with radioligand assay. The positive frequency of GAD-Ab and its relation with clinical features were analyzed.

RESULTS(1) The positivity of GAD-Ab in clinic-based, phenotypic T2DM patients was 7.1% (145/2035), comparable to that of data from Caucasians as shown by UKPDS(8.7% vs. 9.8%, P = 0.391) and ADOPT (8.0% vs. 4.2%, P = 0.000) but higher than that of Japanese in Ehime study(7.1% vs. 3.8%, P = 0.000). (2) The positive frequency and distribution of GAD-Ab titer were related to clinical features, including age at onset, body mass index (BMI) and fasting C peptide levels. Patients with younger age at onset (0.33 vs. 0.11, P < 0.05), less BMI (0.34 vs. 0.10, P < 0.05) and lower C peptide levels (0.38 vs. 0.11, P < 0.05) would have higher GAD-Ab titers.

CONCLUSION(1)The positivity of GAD-Ab in adult-onset phenotypic T2DM in Chinese was similar to that of Caucasians but higher than that of the Japanese. (2) The distribution of GAD-Ab titers was associated with clinical features, with high GAD-Ab titers for those having younger age at onset, less BMI and lower C peptide levels.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age of Onset ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies ; immunology ; metabolism ; Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Glutamate Decarboxylase ; immunology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo detect changes of Foxp3 expression in the decidua in patients with preeclampsia and investigate the correlation of Foxp3-924 (rs2232365) polymorphisms with preeclampsia.

METHODSFrom October 2011 to December 2012, 252 normal pregnant women and 156 preeclampsia patients of Han nationality from the same geographic region were tested for Foxp3-924 genotypes by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP). Sixty-eight of the patients with preeclampsia (33 with mild and 35 with severe preeclampsia) and 30 of the normal pregnant women were also examined for Foxp3 expression in the decidua using immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSFoxp3 positive expression rates in the decidua was 51.52% in mild preeclampsia and 28.57% in severe preeclampsia cases, significantly lower than that in the control group (86.67%, P<0.05). In preeclampsia patients, the frequencies of Foxp3-924G/G, G/A, and A/A genotypes were 0.1346, 0.4615 and 0.4038, respectively, and the frequencies of Foxp3-924A and Foxp3-924 G were 0.6346 and 0.3654, respectively. The genotype frequencies of Foxp3-924G/G, G/A and A/A in the control group were 0.1508, 0.4087 and 0.4405, respectively, and the frequencies of Foxp3-924 A and Foxp3-924 G were 0.6448 and 0.3552, respectively. No significant differences were found in the gene frequencies of Foxp3-924G/A between preeclampsia patients and the control group (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expression level of Foxp3 in the placental tissue of preeclampsia patients is significantly lower than that in normal pregnant women, suggesting that lowered Foxp3 expression decreases the immunosuppressive function and causes imbalance of immune tolerance between maternal-fetal to induce preeclampsia. Foxp3-924 polymorphisms is not significantly correlated with the occurrence of preeclampsia.

Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Placenta ; metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pre-Eclampsia ; genetics ; Pregnancy

Hyperglycemia is an important initiator of cardiovascular disease, contributing to the development of cardiomyocyte death and diabetic complications. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether high glucose state could induce apoptosis of rat cardiomyocyte cell line H9c2 through microRNA-mediated Bcl-2 signaling pathway. The expression of miR-34a and Bcl-2 mRNA was detected by using real-time PCR. Western blotting was used to examine the changes in apoptosis-associated protein Bcl-2. Apoptosis of H9c2 cells was tested by using flow cytometry. The results showed that the expression of miR-34a was significantly elevated and that of Bcl-2 was strongly reduced, and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was apparently increased in the high-glucose-treated H9c2 cells as compared with normal-glucose-treated controls. In addition, we identified Bcl-2 gene was the target of miR-34a. miR-34a mimics reduced the expression of Bcl-2 and increased glucose-induced apoptosis, but miR-34a inhibitor acted as the opposite mediator. Our data demonstrate that miR-34a contributes to high glucose-induced decreases in Bcl-2 expression and subsequent cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line ; Glucose ; metabolism ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of free graft transplantation two-stage urethroplasty for hypospadias repair.

METHODSFifty-eight cases with different types of hypospadias including 10 subcoronal, 36 penile shaft, 9 scrotal, and 3 perineal were treated with free full-thickness skin graft or (and) buccal mucosal graft transplantation two-stage urethroplasty. Of 58 cases, 45 were new cases, 13 had history of previous failed surgeries. Operative procedure included two stages: the first stage is to correct penile curvature (chordee), prepare transplanting bed, harvest and prepare full-thickness skin graft, buccal mucosal graft, and perform graft transplantation. The second stage is to complete urethroplasty and glanuloplasty.

RESULTSAfter the first stage operation, 56 of 58 cases (96.6%) were successful with grafts healing well, another 2 foreskin grafts got gangrened. After the second stage operation on 56 cases, 5 cases failed with newly formed urethras opened due to infection, 8 cases had fistulas, 43 (76.8%) cases healed well.

CONCLUSIONSFree graft transplantation two-stage urethroplasty for hypospadias repair is a kind of effective treatment with broad indication, comparatively high success rate, less complications and good cosmatic results, indicative of various types of hypospadias repair.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Male ; Mouth Mucosa ; transplantation ; Penis ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Scrotum ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Skin Transplantation ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of perioperative immunomodulatory therapy on postoperative recurrence of rectal cancer.

METHODSThis prospective study was conducted among 238 rectal/anal cancer patients undergoing intersphincteric resection at our center between January, 2010 and January, 2011, among whom 150 were eligible to be included and completed the study. The 150 patients were randomized in a double-blinded fashion into 3 equal groups to receive immunomodulatory therapy with 8 mg/kg celecoxib (group A), 0.4 mg/kg Sou-Medrol (group B), or placebo (group C), given daily from 5 days before surgery to 5 days after surgery, and the postoperative cancer recurrence were compared.

RESULTSAt 3 days after the operation, the 3 groups showed significantly different C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, which decreased obviously in all the 3 groups compared with those at 1 day following the operation (P=0.022), especially in group B. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) at 3 days after the operation also differed significantly between the 3 groups but were lower in all the 3 groups than those at 1 day after the operation (P=0.046), and this reduction was the most obvious in group A. COX-2 expression differed significantly between the 3 groups (P=0.017), among which group A showed the most obvious suppression of COX-2 expression. During the follow-up for a mean of 45 months, no significant difference in the recurrence rate was found between the 3 groups (P=0.549).

CONCLUSIONWith a lower efficacy than Sou-Medrol in decreasing postoperative inflammation, celecoxib produces a better effect in inhibiting COX-2 expression, but it does not lower postoperative recurrence rate of rectal cancer.

C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Celecoxib ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunomodulation ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; Postoperative Period ; Prospective Studies ; Pyrazoles ; therapeutic use ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy ; Sulfonamides ; therapeutic use

To study the impact of the enterovirus 71(EV71) on the nuclear transport mechanism,The pGFP-NLS vector with nuclear location signal(NLS) was constructed, RD cells transfected by the pGFP-NLS vector were inoculated with the EV71 or cotransfected by EV71-2A vector. The results showed that GFP protein with NLS was expressed in the cytoplasm due to the inhibition of nuclear transport. In order to further study the mechanism of the EV71 to prevent nuclear transport,Nup62 was detected by Western blotting after RD cells were infected with EV71 or transfected by EV71-2A vector. The results showed that decreased expression of Nup62 could be detected after infection with EV71 and transfection by EV71-2A vector. This study demonstrates that the cleavage of Nup62 by EV71 2A protease may be the mechanism of nuclear transport inhibition.
Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Enterovirus A, Human ; enzymology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Nuclear Localization Signals ; metabolism ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins ; metabolism ; Peptide Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; metabolism ; Transfection