Background Epipolis laser in situ keratomihusis(Epi-LASIK) is an potential surgery for myopia because it synthesize advantages of LASEK and LASIK. But its clinical effectiveness and safeness is remarkable.Objective This study was to evaluate the clinical curative effects and safeness of Epi-LASIK for myopia in different diopter of population. Methods Retrospective study was designed for 208 eyes of 104 patients who underwent EpiLASIK for the correction of myopia. The patients were divided into two groups according to preoperative diopter:lower myopia group( ≤ -6.00 D, 111 eyes) and high myopia group ( ＞-6.00 D,97 eyes). The time of epithelial healing, postoperative syndrome, postoperative visual acuity, refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP) , the safe index, the efficacy index and haze were evaluated at 1,3,6,12 months postoperatively. The written informed consent was obtained from each individual before surgery. Results After operation, 20 eyes ( 18.02% ) of lower myopia group and 29 eyes (29.90%) of high myopia group had obvious pain, presenting statistically significant difference between two groups (X2 = 4. 060, P＜0.05 ). The mean time of epithelial healing was (5.49±0. 83 )days in lower myopia group and (5.85± 0.68 )days in high myopia group with a delayed epithelial healing time in high myopia group( u= 3. 377 ,P＜0.05 ).One year after the treatment,the uncorrected visual acuity( UCVA ) ≥ 1. 0 was 90. 99% ( 101 eyes) in lower myopia group and 75.26% ( 73 eyes) in high myopia group, and 9.91% ( 11 eyes) and 15.46% ( 16 eyes) of the eyes improved byl line or more in best spectacle corrected visual acuity(BCVA) ;whereas 3.60% (4 eyes)and 6. 18% (6 eyes)lost a line or more. 91.89% ( 102 eyes) and 85.57% (83 eyes) in both groups gained within 1.00 D of the attempted correction. The safety index and efficacy index were 1.04 and 0. 98 in lower myopia group,and 1. 01 and 0. 96 in high myopia group without statistically significant difference( P＞0. 05 ). haze occurred in 6 eyes in lower myopia group and 9 eyes in high myopia group and the difference in haze grading was not statistically significant between two groups ( P＞0. 05 ). The high intraocular pressure appeared in 10 eyes and 9 eyes in low myopia group and high myopia group respectively during the fellow up duration and back to normal after topical use of timolol. Conclusion Epi-LASIK is an effective and safe method for correction of different diopters of myopia because of its mild symptom and lower incidence of haze.

Background Wearing of soft contact lens,as one of the important methods to correct ametropia,has been widely applied at present.The clinically deleterious effects of soft contact lens have been reported,but researches about influence of apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells are scant.Objective This study was to detect and compare the ratio of apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells between the patients with contact lens wearing and without contact lens wearing,and explore the influence of soft contact lens wearing for long term on growth of corneal epithelial cells after injury.Methods A retrospective nest case-controlled study was designed.Forty eyes of 20 myopic patients with wearing of soft contact lens for ≥5 years and 40 eyes of 20 myopic patients without wearing of soft contact lens were included in Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College.All the patients received the off-flap epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis (Epi-LASIK) from 2010 October to 2011 June.The corneal flaps were collected during the surgery.The apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells was detected by flow cytometry(FCM),and the difference of apoptotic proportion between the two groups was compared using independent sample t test.Results The FCM scatter plot showed that compared to the without contact lens wearing group,the early stage of apoptotic cells with high staining annexin V and low staining proaium iodide (PI) were much more,and survival cells with low staining annexin V and PI were less,and necrotic and late stage of apoptotic cells with high staining of annexin V/PI were more in the with contact lens wearing group.The early stage of apoptosis proportion of corneal epithelial cells was (11.23 ± 5.31)％ in the with contact lens wearing group,and that in the without contact lens wearing group was (7.31± 5.43)％,showing a significant difference between them (t=2.754,P=0.008).Conclusions A long term wearing of contact lens induce more apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells,which can result in a disorder of structure and function of ocular surface during the wound healing stage.

Fourteen compounds were isolated from Dalbergia odoriferae and purified by repeated column chromatography on silica and sephadex LH-20 gel and structurally identified by spectral analysis. These compounds were identified as 4, 9-dimethoxy-3-hydroxypterocarpan (1), medicarpin (2), 2', 4', 5-trihydroxy-7-methoxyisoflavone (3), 2', 3', 7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan (4), formononetin (5), 3, 8-dihydroxy-9-methoxypterocarpan (6), koparin (7), 3-hydroxy-9-methoxypterocarp-6a-ene (8), 2'-hydroxyformononetin (9), stevenin (10), 2', 7-dihydroxy-4', 5'-dimethoxyisoflavone (11), lyoniresinol (12), 2, 4-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-benzophenone (13) and neokhriol A (14). Compounds 1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 14 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Antibacterial activity assay showed that compound 4 had inhibitory effect on Ralstonia solanacearum.
Anisoles ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Benzophenones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Chromatography ; methods ; Dalbergia ; chemistry ; Dextrans ; Gels ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Naphthalenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Pterocarpans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Ralstonia solanacearum ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Silica Gel

Ten compounds were isolated from the aerial part of Solanum rostratum by means of various chromatographic techniques such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified as dioscin (1), hypoglaucin H (2), hyperin (3), isoquercitrin (4), isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucoside (6), smilaxchinoside A (7), 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3beta, 20alpha,26-triol-25 (R) -delta5,22-dienofurostan-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 2) -[ alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 4)] -beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), beta-sitosterol (9), and daucosterol (10), on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data analysis. Among them ,compounds 7 and 8 were isolated from the genus Solanum for the first time, and the remaining compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Solanum ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

The skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans, originated from Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor (Bufonidae), is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of hepatoma, lung cancer and etc. The preparation of the aqueous components has significant therapeutic effect against the digestive tract cancer. The water-soluble chemical constituents in the skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans were then investigated to make clear the active compounds. Six compounds were isolated and purified by recrystallization and column chromatography on silica gel and ODS, their structures were elucidated as 4-amido-3-hydroxymethyl-cyclooctylamidezotetra-alpha-furanone (I), bufogargarizanine C (II), bufothionine (III), dehydrobufotenine hydrobromide (IV), suberic acid (V) and succinic acid (VI) on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data (UV, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS). Of the above compounds, compounds I and II are new compounds and named bufogargarizanine B and C, respectively.
Animals ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Bufo bufo ; Caprylates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Dicarboxylic Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Skin ; chemistry

As a part of the project for the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition), the quality standard of Sophora flavescens root extract was investigated and established. According to the methods described in the Appendix of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition), the water and ash inspections were carried out. The marker components trifolirhizin, sophoraflavanone G, oxymatrine and oxysophocarpine in the samples were identified by qualitative TLC. The determination of oxymatrine, matrine, oxysophocarpine and sophocarpine was conducted by HPLC and the total flavonoids were measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, using sophoraflavanone G as reference substance. The results indicated the spots on the plate were clear with good resolution and the contents of oxymatrine, matrine, oxysophocarpine and sophocarpine in the 13 batches of the samples were 3.87% - 11.1%, 0.970% - 4.33%, 1.30% - 2.59% and 0.260% - 1.14%, respectively. The total flavoids in the 13 batches of the samples were 3.88% - 7.93%. In the study, the validated methods were reproducible and the established quality standard was feasible, which could be used for the quality control of S. flavescens root extract and related preparations.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Sophora ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical characteristics and the treatment of periorbital injuries.

METHODS61 cases were treated, including 30 cases orbitozygomatic fracture, 6 cases of frontal-orbital fracture, 8 cases of naso-ethmoid-orbital fracture, 7 cases of blow -out fracture and 10 cases of complicated fracture. The patients were diagnosed after physical examination and other examination, like CT. Through bicoronal or local mini incision at the end of eyebrow, combined with subciliary incision and local wound approach, the fractured sites were exposed completely. Then the fractured fragments were repositioned and fixed rigidly. The orbital wall was reconstructed with titanium net and Medpor.

RESULTSThe wounds healed primarily. Good cosmetic and functional results achieved in most of the patients. 4 cases underwent second-stage ophthalmectomy. 2 patients had diplopia after operation, but improved gradually. 3 cases of blepharoptosis needed further treatment.

CONCLUSIONSEarly diagnosis and treatment is very important for periorbital injuries. Fracture reposition and orbital wall reconstruction should he performed at early period.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orbital Fractures ; surgery ; Skull Fractures ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical efficacy of the arthroscopic Mender II stapler for the treatment of patients with meniscus anterior horn injury needing meniscal suture repair.

METHODSAmong 47 patients with meniscus anterior horn injury, 29 patients were male and 18 patients were female, ranging in age from 12 to 31 years old, with a mean age of (20.53± 4.12) years old. The duration of disease ranged from 3 to 35 days, and the average duration was (12.43±5.74) days. The Mender II stapler was used to carry out arthroscopic suture from outside to inside. The Lysholm knee scoring system was used to evaluate and analyze preoperative and postoperative symptoms, such as pain, limping embolism and so on.

RESULTSForty-six patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 48 months, with a mean of (20.53±4.12) years. The incision healed at the first stage without important vessels and nerves injuries. The symptoms of the locked knee joint disappeared, and symptoms such as pain, limp, swelling and limitation of activity improved. The Lysholm score increased from preoperative 52.33±7.31 to postoperative 86.74±6.92.

CONCLUSIONUsing Mender II stapler to treat patients with meniscus anterior horn injury who were treated with arthroscopic suture from outside to inside is effective to improve symptoms, and to obtain good short-term results.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; surgery ; Suture Techniques ; Tibial Meniscus Injuries

In this study, a rapid and sensitive analytical method was developed for the determination of 10 major compounds (procyanidin B1, catechin, procyanidin B2, rutin, isoquercitrin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, astragalin, quercitrin, quercetin, and kaempferol) in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) in multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. UPLC-MS/MS assay with negative ion mode was performed on a Waters CORTECS C18 (2.1 mm x 100 mm, 1.6 μm) with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile (A) and 0.1% aqueous formic acid (B) in gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.25 mL · min(-1) and the column temperature was set at 45 °C. Under the optimized chromatographic conditions, good separation for 10 target compounds were obtained including chiral isomer procyanidins B1 and B2 were completely separated within 8.5 min. Satisfactory linearity was achieved with wide linear range and fine determination coefficient (r > 0.996 6), the overall recoveries were ranged from 95.44%-110.40% with the RSD ranging from 2.37%-8.69%. It is the first report about simultaneous analysis of 10 major flavonoids components in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum by using UPLC-MS/MS method, which affords highly sensitive, specific, speedy and efficient method for quality control of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum
Acetonitriles ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Kaempferols ; Quercetin ; analogs & derivatives ; Rutin ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Vitaceae ; chemistry

Eight compounds from six Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. 'Hangju' were determined and multivariate statistics, including principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) were used to investigate the potential damaging effect of sulfr-fumigating process. Meanwhile, S, Mn, Fe, Cu, Pb were also detected by using ICP-MS and ICP-OES. In this study, dramatic chemical changes were found that the contents of flavonoid aglycones remarkably increased while those of glycosides and hydroxycinnamoylquinic acids were significantly reduced. The PCA score plots showed six samples were clearly classified into the non-fumigated and sulfur-fumigated types. And according to VIP > 1, the most important chemical markers were luteolin, apigenin and luteolin-7-O-glucoside which indicated that the extracted three components might have a marked effect on the discrimination among different group samples. And then, it was found that the residue of sulfur of SHJ were significantly higher than NHJ (P < 0.05). The established approach was applied to rapidly discriminate sulfur-fumigated HJ with combining the quantitative chemical analysis and multivariate statistical analysis, and then the result will provide some evidence to evaluat the quality of HJ and control its processing.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Chrysanthemum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Fumigation ; methods ; Sulfur ; chemistry