Objective To investigate the anticoagultive effectiveness and specialty of sodium citrate comparing with hep- arin in continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF).Methods 50 multiple organ disorder patients undergoing CWHDF were randomly divided into two groups:group A(sodium citrate)27 cases,group B(heparin)23 cases,blood e- lectrolyte,acid-alkali degree,cruor index changes,the blood coagulation of tube path way and blood filter were recor- ded.As the same time,side effects were observed in theraphy.Results The patients of two groups were kept stable vital signs,serum electrolyte and blood gas markers during the therapeutic periods.Moreover,ideal serum creatinine and urea clearance rate and uhrafiltration rate were obtained in all patients.The coagulation and longevity of blood filter of Group A are better than Group B,Group A without sigaificantly prolonged cruor index inside body,the dosage of calcium gluco- nate in Group A are greater than Group B.Conclusion Out body anticongulation of sodium citrate is more effective and reliable than regular heparin anticoagulation.

AlM: To analyze, summarize and describe ophthalmic imaging features of posterior scleritis.
METHODS: Clinical data of 16 patients ( 21 eyes ) with posterior scleritis diagnosed in our hospital from October 2008 to June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The results of type-B ultrasonic, fundus chromophotograph, fundus fluorescein angiography, CT were recorded for comprehensive evaluation and analysis of ophthalmic imaging features of posterior scleritis.
RESULTS: All patients underwent type-B ultrasonic examination and manifested as diffuse and nodular types. The diffuse type showed diffusely thickened sclera and a dark hypoechoic area that connected with the optic nerve to form a typical “T”-shaped sign. The nodular type showed scleral echogenic nodules and relatively regular internal structure. FFA showed that relatively weak mottled fluorescences were visible in the arterial early phase and strong multiple needle-like fluorescences were visible in the arteriovenous phase, which were then progressively larger and fused; fluorescein was leaked to the subretinal tissue in the late phase;varying degrees of strong fluorescences with less clear or unclear boundaries were visible in the optic disk. CT results showed thickened eyeball wall.
CONCLUSlON: Posterior scleritis is common in young female patients, whose ophthalmic imaging features are varied and more specific in type-B ultrasonic. Selection of rational ophthalmic imaging examination method, combined with clinical manifestations, can accurately diagnose posterior scleritis and avoid the incidence of missed and delayed diagnosis.

Animals ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; blood ; Cerebral Infarction ; blood ; Endothelins ; blood ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Plasminogen Inactivators ; blood ; Thromboxane B2 ; blood

Bronchi ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; Pulmonary Sclerosing Hemangioma ; pathology ; surgery

Producing cellulase conditions such as different temperature,inoculum size,liquid level and pH level by Trichoderma aureoviride in the shaking bottle were studied by orthogonal design method. The results showed that the main factor affecting the producing cellulase was temperature among the orthogonal conditions.The optimum conditions were as follows:cultivating solution initial pH was 6, cultivating temperature was 28℃,inoculation size was 8%,liquid level was 40 mL in 150 mL triangle bottle,rotation speed was 170 r/min.

Objective To explore the effects of extract of Gingko biloba leaves (EGb) on learning, memory and hippoeampal heine oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in diabetic rats.Methods The behaviors of streptozotoein-induced diabetic rats were observed by Morris water maze for learning and memory after 6 months of diabetes.The HO-1 mRNA expression and protein expression in hippocampus of diabetic rats were detected by RT- PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively.Results The escape latency time in Morris water maze of diabetic rats was prolonged markedly.HO-1 mRNA and HO-1 protein expressions in hippocampus of diabetic rats were increased (1.635?0.326 vs 0.978?0.214,7.2?1.7 vs 1.9?0.5,respectively,both P＜0.01).The escape latency times in EGb (100,50 mg/kg) treated groups were shortened.HO-1 mRNA and HO-1 protein expressions in hippocampus were decreased at the same time as compared with diabetic group (100 mg/kg:0.954?0.144,2.0?0.8;50 mg/kg:0.988?0.154,2.5?0.6,all P＜0.01).Conclusion EGb can significantly inhibit HO-1 expression in hippocampus and improve learning and memory dysfunction in diabetic rats.

Objective To study the effect of intensive trunk muscle training on balance and walking in pa- tients with hemiplegia caused by stroke.Methods A total of 90 stroke patients were recruited and randomly divid- ed into a treatment group(45 cases)and a control group(45 cases).All the patients were given conventional reha- bilitation training.Meanwhile,intensive trunk muscle training was also administered for those in the treatment group as well.The trunk control function,balance ability and walking ability were assessed by using the trunk control test, Berg Balance Scale and the balance subscale of the Fugl-Meyer physical performance test,and Holden's functional ambulation classification,respectively,before and after 6 weeks of training.Results It was found that all the pa- tients scored better with the trunk control test,Berg's balance scale,the balance subscale of the Fugl-Meyer physical performance test and Holden's ambulation classification after treatment,and there were significant differences between the two groups after treatment(P

Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) is an important liver-specific uptake transporter, which mediates transport of numerous endogenous substances and drugs from blood into hepatocytes. To identify and investigate potential modulators of OATP1B1 from natural products, the effect of 21 frequently used natural compounds and extracts on OATP1B1-mediated fluorescein methotrexate transport was studied by using Chinese hamster ovary cells stably expressing OATP1B1 (CHO-OATP1B1) in 96-well plates. This method could be used for the screening of large compound libraries. Our studies showed that some flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, quercitrin, rutin, chrysanthemum flavonoids and mulberrin) and triterpenoids (e.g., glycyrrhetinic acid and glycyrrhizic acid) were inhibitors of OATP1B1 with IC50 values less than 16 µmol · L(-1). The IC50 value of glycyrrhetinic acid on OATP1B1 was comparable to its blood concentration in clinics, indicating an OATPlB1-mediated drug-drug interaction could occur. Structure-activity relationship analysis showed that flavonoids had much higher inhibitory activity than their glycosides. Furthermore, the type and length of saccharides had a significant effect on their activity. In addition, we used OATP1B1 substrates fluvastatin and rosuvastatin as probe drugs to investigate the substrate-dependent effect of several natural compounds on the function of OATP1B1 in vitro. Our results demonstrated that the effect of these natural products on the function of OATPlB1 was substrate-dependent. In summary, this study would be conducive to predicting and avoiding potential OATP1B1-mediated drug-drug and drug-food interactions and thus provide the experimental basis and guidance for rational drug use.
Animals ; Biological Products ; CHO Cells ; Cricetulus ; Drug Interactions ; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Indoles ; pharmacology ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Organic Anion Transporters ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rosuvastatin Calcium ; pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship

Tripterygium glycosides preparation which extracted from the traditional Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii (TWHY), was widely used to treat the autoimmune diseases. Previous works demonstrated that TWHF had potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. But the different quality and high incident rate of side effects of different manufactures inhibited its clinical application. Since TWHF had been generally known to play a therapeutical effect by synergism of multiple constituents, it was necessary to build the relationship between the HPLC fingerprint and bioactivity so as to ensure the quality safety and efficacy. The HPLC fingerprint showed that description and content of peaks from different manufactures were diverse. Only 11 common peaks were found. In this study, mice spleen cells stimulated by Con A were used to test the proliferation inhibition bioactivity of TWHF preparations, which were incubated with 30, 15, 7.5, 3.75, 1.88 and 0.94 mg x L(-1) TWHF preparations for 48 h. The results showed that mice spleen cells proliferation was inhibited by all TWHF preparations significantly compared with the control group, which suggested the TWHF preparations showed immune suppress activity. The TWHF preparations from 7 manufacture showed different IC50 value, which might belong to different contents which showed in the HPLC fingerprint. Moreover, a relationship between the HPLC fingerprint and the bioactivity were established to identify important constituents by grey relational analysis (GRA). The result showed that all the contents were relative with the IC50, especially No. 5 and 10 peaks, but No. 1 peak, which was proved to be triptolide, had few contribute to the inhibition of mice spleen cells proliferation. The study of relationship between the HPLC fingerprint and the IC50 by GRA could help to investigate mechanism of bioactive and provide an evidence for the quantification of multi-constituents.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Glycosides ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Spleen ; cytology ; drug effects ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

The biochemical mechanism of degrading keratins by S.fradiae var S-221 was primarily studied.The compounds (Na_ 2 SO_ 4 , Na_ 2 SO_ 3 and sulfdryl acohol), which respecitively enhance specific activity of keratinase, activate keratinase intensively and mainly act on the disulfide bonds reductase in the keratinase, Na_ 2 SO_ 3 activates intensively both disulfide bonds reductase and polypeptide hydrolytase at 0.01 mol/L, whereas Na_ 2 S_ 2 O_ 3 , which acts on the disulfide bonds reductase, inhibits keratinase.On the condition that substrate, keratins exists, S.fradiae var S-221 is induced to produce exo-keratinase, which is a multiproteinase, containing disulfide bonds reductase, which is a key enzyme degrading keratins, then, with polypeptidic, hydrolytase, graduately hydrolyzates denatured keratins into polypeptides, oligopeptides and free amino acids, so that keratins have been decomposed completely.Sulfur in the keratins was transferred into sulfhydryl compounds, H_ 2 S and sulfates in the course of keratinolysine.