Objective To explore the safety of the mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells(PBSC)by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)in elderly donors.Methods 28 peripheral arteriosclerotic occlusive disease(PAOD)elderly patients(aged≥60 years),and 29 healthy sibling young/adult donors(aged＜60 years)for peripheral allogenic stem cell transplantation were included.Blood samples were collected immediately before starting G-CSF and prior to PBSC collection to analyze the following parameters:the WBC counts,fibrinogen(FIB),D-dimer (D-D),thrombin antithrombin complex(TAT),antithrombin(AT)and yon Willebrand factor antigen(vWF:Ag). Results It had a very significant increase in D-D and vWF:Ag and a very significant decrease of AT(P＜0.01),af- ter mobilization by G-CSF,and a increase in FIB and TAT were also observed(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)in elderly group.In the young/aduh group,the increase in FIB was significant(P＜0.05).The elevating extent of D-D and TAT after G-CSF administration was significantly higher in elderly group than that in young/adult group(P＜0.05).Compared to young/adult group,there was a significant increase in thrombotic events and cerebrovascular ac- cident(P＜0.05).Conclusion In PBCS donorsreceiving G-CSF it reveals activation of both coagulation and en- dothelial cells and inhibition of anticoagulant system that can favor the developing of thrombotic events,which is more remarkable in elderly donors.Therefore a careful monitoring for coagulation system should be considered in those elderly cases.

BACKGROUNDTumor involving the septum pellucidum is uncommon. Surgery as the main therapeutic procedure for this lesion is a challenge to neurosurgeons. We analyzed the clinical characteristics and pathological features of septum pellucidum tumor in 41 patients and compared the curative effects of frontal transcortical, trans-sulcal and interhemispheric transcallosal approaches.

METHODSClinical characteristics and the pathological features of septum pellucidum tumor were investigated retrospectively in 41 patients. The differences in postoperative residual rates, extents of tumors and resection of normal brain tissues after use of the three approaches in these patients were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSSeptum pellucidum tumor is more likely to attack young or middle-aged persons. The tumor mainly presents itself as a central neurocytoma or cerebral low-grade glioma in pathology and manifests as intracranial hypertension clinically. No difference was found in the extent of tumor resection but significant difference in the extent of normal brain tissue resection and in postoperative disability rate among the three approaches. The transcortical approach brought about the most serious injury to brain tissue and the highest disability rate, Whereas the frontal transcallosal approach the lightest injury and the lowest disability rate. The injury to brain tissue and the disability rate brought about by the front trans-sulcus approach were between the above two approaches.

CONCLUSIONSOperation is still regarded the major treatment for septum pellucidum tumor. Transcallosal and trans-sulcus approaches are fit with the concept of minimally invasive surgery, and transcallosal approach is the first choice for septum pellucidum tumor.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Septum Pellucidum

BACKGROUNDWater-electrolyte disturbance and endocrine alterations are common complications of adult patients with craniopharygioma in the postoperative period and may affect their recovery and prognosis. Some of these complications even lead to death. Appropriate remedy based upon the status of water-electrolyte balance and the endocrine system is essential to good therapeutic results of adult patients with craniopharyngioma.

METHODSThe alterations in water-electrolyte balance (117 patients) and endocrine status (42) of adult patients with craniopharyngioma after surgery were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSMost patients with craniopharyngioma experienced postoperative water-electrolyte disturbances and hypotonic dehydration. Moreover, the incidences of hypothyroidism and hypoadrenocorticism were relatively high.

CONCLUSIONIt is critical to deal with dehydration and endocrine disorders for a sound outcome of craniopharyngioma surgery.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Craniopharyngioma ; complications ; surgery ; Endocrine Glands ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance ; etiology ; physiopathology

The safety of Chinese patent medicine has become a focus of social. It is necessary to carry out work on post-marketing clinical safety evaluation for Chinese patent medicine. However, there have no criterions to guide the related research, it is urgent to set up a model and method to guide the practice for related research. According to a series of clinical research, we put forward some views, which contained clear and definite the objective and content of clinical safety evaluation, the work flow should be determined, make a list of items for safety evaluation project, and put forward the three level classification of risk control. We set up a model of post-marketing clinical safety evaluation for Chinese patent medicine. Based this model, the list of items can be used for ranking medicine risks, and then take steps for different risks, aims to lower the app:ds:risksrisk level. At last, the medicine can be managed by five steps in sequence. The five steps are, collect risk signal, risk recognition, risk assessment, risk management, and aftereffect assessment. We hope to provide new ideas for the future research.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; economics ; therapeutic use ; Herbal Medicine ; economics ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Patents as Topic ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVETo describe the prevalence of anemia and yearly trends (1993-2003) among women who came to the hospitals or maternal and child health units for premarital examinations in 6 counties of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.

METHODSData were obtained from the records of the premarital examinations in perinatal health care surveillance system that had been established since 1992 in these areas. We reviewed hemoglobin levels of those women who were enrolled in the perinatal health care surveillance system from 1993 to 2003. Anemia was defined according to the WHO (2001) criterion. We calculated the prevalence of anemia and analyzed the yearly trends based on the data of hemoglobin concentration.

RESULTSIn the period of 1993-2003, there were 82 995 anemia cases identified among 193,434 women with an overall anemia rate as 42.9%. The rates of anemia were high (65.5%) in 1993 but low (25.8%) in 2003. 99.7% of the anemic women whose hemoglobin concentration were between 80-119.9 g/L. Time trend analysis indicated a significant decline on anemia rate while monthly analysis showed that the prevalence rates were high (48.2%) in September and low in March (39.5%). The results also showed that the prevalence rates of anemia were relatively higher in farmers and workers in rural enterprises, and lower in Han ethnicity than minorities. The higher prevalence rates of anemia were presented among the women with less education, lower body mass index, or at older age.

CONCLUSIONFor those premarital women in 6 counties of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, the overall anemic rate presented a significant downward trend between 1993 and 2003 while the prevalence of anemia remained high, especially for the women with less education, lower body mass index or older ages.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Premarital Examinations ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo check the expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (Lif) mRNA, and to study the impact of ovarian stimulation on the ability of embryo implantation in mice.

METHODSPregnancy models of mice were established. The relationship between the implantation of ovarian stimulated embryos and the expression of Lif mRNA in mice metrium was analyzed.

RESULTSThe group of recipients which the transfered embryos were from stimulated cycles had lower pregnancy and implantation rate compared with the group of recipients which the transfered embryos were from non-stimulated cycles (20.00%, 8.33% vs 55.00%, 35.00%). The Lif mRNA expression was similar in the groups of recipients which the transfered embryos were from stimulated and non-stimulated cycles, so was in the groups of recipients which had single or more than one baby, but higher in the group of pregnancy recipients than in the group of unpregnancy recipients.

CONCLUSIONOvarian stimulation may reduce the ability of embryo implantation in mice. Lif mRNA expression is related to the implantation, but not parallel to the number of implantation.

Animals ; Embryo Implantation ; Endometrium ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Leukemia Inhibitory Factor ; genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Ovulation Induction ; Pregnancy ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism

BACKGROUND: Caspofungin, a novel echinocandins systemic antifungal agent, has been shown to exert broad-spectrum antibacterial effect on deep fungal infections, which is superior to or equivalent with the role of amphotericin B, but there is no report on its application for preventing fungal infection after renal transplantation.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the difference in high risk factors of fungal infection after kidney transplantation using donation after cardiac death donors and living-related donor kidney transplantations, and to explore the feasibility and safety of caspofungin to prevent fungal infection after kidney transplantation using donation after cardiac death donors.METHODS: This was a prospective, single-center, controlled trial finished at the Department of Kidney Transplantation,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province, China. Totally 188 patients undergoing primary kidney transplantation without history of fungal infection and use of antifungal drugs between January 2012 and August 2013 were enrolled, including kidney transplantation with donation after cardiac death donors (n=102, trail group), and kidney transplantation with living-related donors (n=86, control group). The CYP3A5 genotype was determined preoperatively. All patients received tacrolimus+mycophenolate mofetil+prednisone triple immunosuppression after transplantation. The trial group was subjected to caspofungin therapy for 2 weeks. The risk factors for fungal infection in the two groups were compared, and the effects of caspofungin on the tacrolimus concentration, tacrolimus concentration/dose were detected in the recipients with same CYP3A5 genotype recipients at 1 and 2 weeks, and 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. The liver and kidney function, adverse events and fungal infections were recorded at different time points. This trial was registered with the Chinese Clinial Trial Registry (Regitration number:ChiCTR-OON-17013342).RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The survival rate of patient/kidney was 98.4% and 97.3% respectively, 97 cases in the trial group and 86 controls competed 6-month follow-up. Preoperative hemodialysis time, hemoglobin value, cold ischemia time, warm ischemia time, intraoperative blood transfusion volume, time of central venous catheter kept in situ,methylprednisolone usage, ATG usage, serum creatinine reduced level at 1 week, thrombocytopenia and duration of postoperative body temperature > 38 ℃ were the risk factors for fungal infection in the trail group relative to the control group. The fungal infection rate in the trial and control groups was 0% and 2.3%, respectively, at 6 months of follow-up.The serum creatinine level in the trail group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 1 month postoperatively (P < 0.05), and the level showed no significant difference between two groups at other time points (P >0.05). After 2 weeks of caspofungin treatment, the concentrations of tacrolimus and tacrolimus concentration/dosage did not differ significantly in different CYP3A5 genotype recipients (P > 0.05). Caspofungin might induce some adverse reactions, especially electrolyte disturbance with an incidence of 21.6%, but there was no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). These findings imply that kidney transplantation using donation after cardiac death donors presents with various risk factors for fungal infection compared with living-related donor kidney transplantation.Furthermore, caspofungin is effective and safe for preventing fungal infection and has no effect on tacrolimus concentration; therefore, it can be used as a new anti-fungal agent after kidney transplantation.

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effects of Pizhen in treating lumbar disc herniation combined with buttock tender node.

METHODSFrom August 2009 to February 2010,83 patients (29 males and 54 females) with lumbar disc herniation combined with buttock tender node were randomly divided into the Pizhen group and acupuncture group. Pizhen group were treated with Pizhen manipulation, inserting needle by vertical prick with quacking inserting and quick withdrawing the needle, no rotating and the depth was through the surface of fascia, two times as a course of treatment; acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture, inserting Ashi-point, retaining the needle 20 min, ten times as a course of treatment. VAS scoring at the end of treatment and B ultrasonic image at 3d after treatment was carried out to observe the therapeutic effects.

RESULTSB ultrasonic image of buttock tender node showed inflammation reaction or ellipse. The width of the inflammation reaction decreased after treatment, but there has no statistical significance (P=0.635). There was no significant difference between two groups (P=0.813).

CONCLUSIONPizhen manipulation is better than acupuncture. B ultrasonic image gives morphological performance of buttock tender node, the content is inflammatory infiltrates. B ultrasound has certainly significance in diagnosing, treating and evaluating the clinical effect of Pizhen manipulation on treating buttock tender node.

Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adult ; Aged ; Buttocks ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; therapy ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain Measurement ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo investigate the polymorphism of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT(1R)) gene A1166C and environmental factors on hypertension of Kazakh people.

METHODSThrough the random program of SPSS 13.0, 220 cases were randomly selected from the confirmed hypertension patients, and 220 cases with normal blood pressure were selected as control group. All cases were investigated through the questionnaire and the related indexes were measured. By polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, the genotypes were determined.

RESULTS(1) In hypertension group, the genotype frequency of AA and AC were 78.6% (173/220) and 21.4% (47/220), respectively, compared with control groups' 81.4% (179/220) and 18.6% (41/220), no significant difference was identified between these two groups (chi(2) = 0.537, P > 0.05). In hypertension group, the frequency of A and C allele were 89.0% and 11.0%, respectively, compared with 90.3% and 9.7% in control group. There was no significant difference between these two groups (chi(2) = 0.37, P > 0.05). (2) AC genotype might interact with excessive salt consumption (hypertension group, 31/220, 15.5%; control group 10/220, 4.5%, OR: 4.67, 95%CI: 2.15 - 10.15), overweight (hypertension group, 19/220, 8.6%; control group, 9/220, 4.1%, OR: 6.96, 95%CI: 2.33 - 20.76) and drinking large volume of salty milk (hypertension group, 20/220, 9.1%; control group, 10/220, 4.5%, OR: 2.67, 95%CI: 1.11 - 6.42) which will raise hypertension hazard of AC genotype.

CONCLUSIONThere is no relationship between the A1166C gene polymorphism of AT(1R) gene and hypertension of Kazakh people. AC genotypes might also interact with food consumption habit and behavior factors and increase the individual risk of hypertension.

Adult ; Alleles ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; genetics ; Smoking

OBJECTIVETo investigate the difference in membrane current of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in brain artery (BA) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar rats.

METHODSWe compared the properties of spontaneous transient outward K+ currents (STOCs), the density and composition of current of VSMCs in BA of SHR and Wistar rats by whole-cell patch clamp technique.

RESULTS(1) When the command voltage was 0, + 20, + 40 and + 60 mV respectively, the current densities of VSMCs in BA of SHR and Wistar rats were significant different (P < 0.01). (2) The whole-cell current of VSMCs was partly inhibited by 1 mmol/L4-AP (voltage-gated K+ channel blocker) or 1 mmol/L TEA (big conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel blocker) respectively. (3) The frequency and amplitude of STOCs in SHR were faster and bigger than those in Wistar rats. 1 mmol/L TEA almostly inhibited the STOCs, but not by 4-AP.

CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that the current densities of VSMCs in BA of SHR and Wistar rats are significant different, the outward current of VSMCs in BA of SHR and Wistar rats are composed by Kv and BK(Ca). SHR express more STOCs mediated by BK(Ca), than Wistar rats.

Animals ; Cerebral Arteries ; cytology ; physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; physiology ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; physiology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated ; physiology ; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Wistar