Objective To explore the effects of nursing intervention on the anxiety of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in their first chemotherapy.Methods Totals of 80 NPC patients were randomly divided into control group and intervention group,with 40cases each group.Control group received conventional care,while intervention group received the comprehensive nursing intervention such as relaxation training,cognitive intervention,family supporting and sleep care and so on.Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and St.Mary' s hospital sleep questionnaire (SMH) were used to investigated patients at the first hospital day,the day before chemotherapy and the last day of chemotherapy.Results There was no difference of the SAS and SMH score of patients in the first hospital day between two groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ),and the average score of SAS of two groups was more than 50.In the control group,the average score of SAS in the day before chemotherapy and the last day of chemotherapy was (59.42 ± 6.98) and ( 56.98 ± 5.69 ),respectively,higher than ( 48.67 ± 7.05 ) and (45.35 ± 5.93 ) of the intervention group,and the difference was statistically significant ( t =6.853,- 6.538,respectively;P ＜0.01 ).The average score of SMH of control group in the day before chemotherapy and the last day of chemotherapy was ( 13.55 ± 2.17 ) and ( 14.92 ± 2.40),and that of intervention group was ( 17.23 ± 2.82 ) and ( 18.03 ± 2.35 ),and the difference was statistically significant ( t =- 5.839,P ＜ 0.01 ).After intervention,in the intervention group,the scores of SAS was decreased and the score of SMH was increased(F =36.45,20.27,respectively;P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The comprehensive care can effectively relieve patients' anxiety,improve their sleep,and encourage them to actively cooperate with chemotherapy,so it is worth to be widely applied.

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are not only crucial for the assembly of protein complexes but also fundamental for maintaining normal biological functions. These interactions are vital for protein structure and biological functionality and play a central role in cellular signaling, metabolic pathways, and regulatory networks. The 14-3-3 protein, highly conserved and widely expressed in eukaryotes, primarily recognizes and binds to its partner proteins to participate in essential life processes such as cell cycle control, signal transduction, and energy metabolism. This review discusses the role of dysregulated PPIs between 14-3-3 proteins and their partner proteins such as estrogen receptor α (estrogen receptor α, ERα), RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase (C-RAF/RAF-1), and p53 in the onset and progression of tumors, focusing on the research progress of 14-3-3/ERα, 14-3-3/C-RAF, and 14-3-3/p53 molecular glues. These molecular glues, by mimicking or enhancing the phosphorylation sites of serine on partner proteins, form covalent bonds, salt bridges, and hydrogen bonds with 14-3-3 proteins, thereby enhancing the stability of PPIs and effectively intervening in protein activity and signaling under pathological conditions. Additionally, this article explores the potential of this chemical intervention strategy in clinically suppressing tumor progression, providing a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for future research directions.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; ethnology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Thrombospondin 1 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and significance of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP-2, TIMP-1) in non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC).

METHODSThirty six patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 32 patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC), confirmed by pathology, were selected, and 30 cases of normal skin were selected as control. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in all samples were examined by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The expression rate, expression intensity and expression level of each factor were recorded. The results were compared between the groups.

RESULTSThe expression rates of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the control group were 30.0% and 36.7%, the expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the control group were 57.216 ± 12.785 and 59.318 ± 13.262, all significantly lower than those in the tumor edge and center of the SCC and BCC groups (P < 0.01). The expression rates of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in the control group were 96.7% and 100%, their expression levels were 121.738 ± 25.516 and 122.612 ± 25.964, all significantly higher than those in the SCC and BCC groups (P < 0.01). The expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the tumor center and edge of SCC group were significantly higher than those in the corresponding parts of the BCC group, while the expression levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were significantly lower than those in the BCC group (P < 0.01). The expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the tumor edge of the SCC and BCC groups were significantly higher than those in the tumor centers (P < 0.01), while the expression levels of TIMP-1and TIMP-2 were significantly lower than those in the tumor centers (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONMMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2, TIMP-1 may play an important role in the development, progression, invasion and metastasis of non-melanoma skin cancer.

Aged ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To discuss the effect of the therapy of supplementing qi,activating blood circulation and free the collateral vessels on life quality in patients with the syndrome of qi deficiency and blood stasis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF).Method The patients(n=30)accorded with the diagnostic standard of Chinese and Western medicine were chosen and given Yiqihuoxuetongluo Decoction orally,one decoction and twice a day(200 mL once).One therapeutic course was 3 months and the patients were observed for 2 courses.St.George's respiratory-disease questionnaire(SGRQ)was taken as an examination tool to observe the improvement of life quality in the patients.Result After th treatment for 6 months the scores of respiratory symptoms and activity limitation,and the total integral decreased in SGRQ,and there was a difference before and after the treatment(P＜0.05).The score of disease impact decreased a little and there was a difference before and after the treatment(P＞0.05).Conclusion The therapy of supplementing qi,activating blood circulation and free the collateral vessels is significant to the life quality of the patients with the syndrome of qi deficiency and blood stasis of IPF.

BACKGROUNDThe conventional approaches to diabetes screening are potentially limited by poor compliance and laboratory demand. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postprandial urine glucose (PUG) in screening for diabetes in Chinese high-risk population.

METHODSNine hundred and nine subjects with high-risk factors of diabetes underwent oral glucose tolerance test after an overnight fast. FPG, hemoglobin A1c, 2-h plasma glucose (2 h-PG), and 2 h-PUG were evaluated. Diabetes and prediabetes were defined by the American Diabetes Association criteria. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 2 h-PUG, and the optimal cut-off determined to provide the largest Youden index. Spearman correlation was used for relationship analysis.

RESULTSAmong 909 subjects, 33.4% (304/909) of subjects had prediabetes, and 17.2% (156/909) had diabetes. The 2 h-PUG was positively related to FPG and 2 h-PG (r = 0.428 and 0.551, respectively, both P < 0.001). For estimation of 2 h-PG ≥ 7.8 mmol/L and 2 h-PG ≥ 11.1 mmol/L using 2 h-PUG, the area under the ROC curve were 0.772 (95% confidence interval [CI ]: 0.738-0.806) and 0.885 (95% CI: 0.850-0.921), respectively. The corresponding optimal cut-offs for 2 h-PUG were 5.6 mmol/L and 7.5 mmol/L, respectively. Compared with FPG alone, FPG combined with 2 h-PUG had a higher sensitivity for detecting glucose abnormalities (84.1% vs. 73.7%, P < 0.001) and diabetes (82.7% vs. 48.1%, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONFPG combined with 2 h-PUG substantially improves the sensitivity in detecting prediabetes and diabetes relative to FPG alone, and may represent an efficient layperson-oriented diabetes screening method.

Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus ; blood ; diagnosis ; urine ; Fasting ; blood ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Postprandial Period ; physiology

Chemical cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps for eliminating infection in root canal treatment.However,irrigant selection or irrigation procedures are far from clear.The vapor lock effect in the apical region has yet to be solved,impeding irrigation efficacy and resulting in residual infections and compromised treatment outcomes.Additionally,ambiguous clinical indications for root canal medication and non-standardized dressing protocols must be clarified.Inappropriate intracanal medication may present side effects and jeopardize the therapeutic outcomes.Indeed,clinicians have been aware of these concerns for years.Based on the current evidence of studies,this article reviews the properties of various irrigants and intracanal medicaments and elucidates their effectiveness and interactions.The evolution of different kinetic irrigation methods,their effects,limitations,the paradigm shift,current indications,and effective operational procedures regarding intracanal medication are also discussed.This expert consensus aims to establish the clinical operation guidelines for root canal irrigation and a position statement on intracanal medication,thus facilitating a better understanding of infection control,standardizing clinical practice,and ultimately improving the success of endodontic therapy.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological,genealogic characteristic,familial history of the families with fatal familial insomnia,its clinical and pathological features as well as the heredity rule of related genes.Methods 135 familial members of 7 eras were studied.Vein blood samples from patients as well as from some familial members were collected.PRNP gene was studied with PCR,its serial was determined and then authenticated with Nsp I.Brain tissue was obtained for neuropathological test and PrPSc test with Western blot method.Results Clinical symptoms of the 2 diagnosed cases were typical.11 familial members died of similar neural disease.32 samples of their familial members,codon at D178N of PRNP of 11 members was mutated,with mutation rate as 34.38% while D129N showed as methionine.Brain tissue of both probands denaturalized into spongiform and the nerve fiber was absent but PrPSc protein was identified.Conclusion Genealogy was described in the family with fatal familial insomnia since the patients had typical clinical symptoms and pathological characteristics.It seemed necessary to confirm cases of fatal familial insomnia and their genealogy with epidemiological data and to investigate its gene characteristics as well as with neuropathological and Western blot tests.

Humans ; Burkitt Lymphoma/therapy* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; HIV Infections/complications*

Endodontic diseases are a kind of chronic infectious oral disease.Common endodontic treatment concepts are based on the removal of inflamed or necrotic pulp tissue and the replacement by gutta-percha.However,it is very essential for endodontic treatment to debride the root canal system and prevent the root canal system from bacterial reinfection after root canal therapy(RCT).Recent research,encompassing bacterial etiology and advanced imaging techniques,contributes to our understanding of the root canal system's anatomy intricacies and the technique sensitivity of RCT.Success in RCT hinges on factors like patients,infection severity,root canal anatomy,and treatment techniques.Therefore,improving disease management is a key issue to combat endodontic diseases and cure periapical lesions.The clinical difficulty assessment system of RCT is established based on patient conditions,tooth conditions,root canal configuration,and root canal needing retreatment,and emphasizes pre-treatment risk assessment for optimal outcomes.The findings suggest that the presence of risk factors may correlate with the challenge of achieving the high standard required for RCT.These insights contribute not only to improve education but also aid practitioners in treatment planning and referral decision-making within the field of endodontics.