Objective To investigate the expressions of receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) and nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) in brain hippocampus of rat with chronic fluorosis,and to reveal the mechanism of brain damage resulted from chronic fluorosis.Methods Sixty clean grade SD rats were randomly divided to three groups(20 rats in each group,10 female and 10 male) fed with different contents of fluoride,control group with normal tap-water(＜ 0.5 mg/L fluoride),small dosage of fluoride exposure group(10 mg/L fluoride in tap-water) and large dosage of fluoride exposure group(50 mg/L fluoride) for six months.Then the rats were killed by femoral artery bleeding and hippocampus was removed.Protein and mRNA levels of RAGE and NF-κB in the hippocampus were determined by Western blotting and quantitative real time PCR,respectively.Results As compared to the control groups[(100.00 ± 2.60)％,(100.00 ± 7.80)％],the expressions of RAGE and NF-κB at protein level in the hippocampus were significantly increased in the small dosage of fluoride exposure groups [(205.00 ± 15.30)％,(156.00 ± 12.20)％] and the large dosage of fluoride exposure groups[(232.00 ± 10.90)％,(162.00 ± 9.80)％,all P ＜ 0.05]; for the mRNA level of RAGE and NF-κB,the expressions were higher in the small dosage of fluoride exposure groups(1.27 ± 0.09,0.83 ± 0.15) and the large dosage of fluoride exposure groups (2.60 ± 0.19,1.27 ± 0.19) than those of the control groups(0.66 ± 0.18,0.32 ± 0.08,all P＜ 0.05).Conclusions The increased expressions of RAGE and NF-κB in the hippocampus of rat brain are caused by chronic fluorosis,and these changes may be associated with the mechanism of nerve injury.

Objective Aim of the study is to investigate the expression of syndecan-4 and nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) in the kidney of rat with chronic fluorosis,and to reveal the mechanism of kidney damage resulted from the toxicity of excessive amount of fluoride.Methods According to body mass and sex,sixty SD rats were randomly divided to three groups according to body mass and fed with different contents of fluoride:control group with normal tap-water(＜ 0.5 mg/L fluoride),small dosage of fluoride exposure group (adding 10 mg/L fluoride in tap-water) and large dosage of fluoride exposure group (50 mg/L fluoride) for six months.The protein level of syndecan-4 and NF-κB in the kidney was detected by Western blotting and syndecan-4 mRNA level by quantitative real time PCR.Results As compared to the control group[(100.0 + 8.1)％],the expression of syndecan-4 at protein level in the kidney of rat was significantly increased in the small dosage of fluoride exposure group [(198.5 + 5.6)％,P ＜ 0.05] and large dosage of fluoride exposure group [(209.2 + 13.0)％,P ＜ 0.05]; the protein levels of NF-κB in the small dosage of fluoride exposure group[(284.4 + 11.1)％,P ＜ 0.05] and in the large dosage of fluoride exposure group[(343.2 + 2.9)％,P ＜ 0.05] were significantly increased than that of the control group[(100.0 ± 10.7)％].The mRNA levels of syndecan-4 in the kidney in the small dosage of fluoride exposure group and large dosage of fluoride exposure group(0.431 + 0.058 and 0.453 ± 0.065,both P ＜ 0.05,respectively) were significantly increased than that of the control(0.128 + 0.026).Conclusions The increased expression of NF-κB in the kidney is induced by increased expression of syndecan-4,which may be involved in kidney damage of chronic fluorosis.

Avellino corneal dystrophy(ACD) is an autosomal dominant eye disorder caused by mutation of R124H in the transforming growth factor-beta induced gene (TGFBI) on chromosome 5,which was responsible for accumulating of abnormal TGFBI.Although the underlying mechanism by which mutations cause abnormal TGFBI deposition is not yet clear,but we have a better understanding of the etiology and possible pathogenesis of corneal dystrophy with the rapid development of human genetics and molecular biology,and summarizes the current achievement of this disease and understand the roles of TGFBI and its interaction with Periostin,which may contribute to further research in ACD.

Objective To investigate the value of temporary balloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta in the treatment of complete placenta previa with placenta accreta. Methods From January 2015 to February 2016, 24 cases of complete placenta previa with placenta accreta were treated with temporary balloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta (the study group) before cesarean, and 24 cases of complete placenta previa with placenta accreta did not receive balloon occlusion (the control group). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative blood transfusion volume, the perioperative hemoglobin level, the hysterectomy rate and the related complications were compared retrospectively.Also, the hospitalization time, the blood coagulation parameters after operation, including activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB), D-Dimer and reperfusion injury parameters including creatine phosphokinase (CK), creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and serum creatinine were compared between the 2 groups. Results The blood loss [750 ml (400-2 000 ml) vs 2 000 ml (1 500-2 375 ml);Z=-3.214, P=0.001] and blood transfusion volume [200 ml (0-800 ml) vs 800 ml (0-1 200 ml);173, P=0.030] in the study group were lower than in the control group. The hemoglobin difference between before and after operation in the study group was lower than the control group [(12.8±13.4) g/L vs (22.9±20.1) g/L;t=-2.041, P=0.047]. In the study group, there were still bleeding in 13 cases after releasing the balloon, 5 of them received uterine artery embolization, 5 cases received uterine artery ligation, and 3 cases received uterine packing. One case had venous thrombosis in the right lower limb. Two cases (8%,2/24) in the control group had hysterectomy, while none in the study group, there was no statistical significance (P=0.489). Conclusions Temporary balloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta can effectively reduce blood loss and blood transfusion in the treatment of complete placenta previa with placenta accreta, but there is still the risk of continuing bleeding after releasing the balloon. Other methods of hemostasis might be needed.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of local application of allicin via gastroscopy on progressive gastric carcinoma, and to investigate its possible mechanisms.

METHODSEighty patients with progressive gastric adenocarcinoma, whose diagnosis was confirmed by gastroscopy and pathological examination, were assigned to 2 groups, 40 in each group. Forty-eight hours before operation, allicin was infused via gastroscopy to the lesion region of patients in the allicin group, and normal saline was infused instead to those in the control group. The gastric carcinoma tissue gotten from gastrectomy was taken to determine the percentage of cells in various cell cycle phases ( G0/ G1, S and G2/M), the cell apoptosis rate, proliferation index value and apoptosis related gene protein such as Fas, Bax and Bcl-2 by flow cytometry.

RESULTSIn the allicin group, the cell apoptosis rate was 9.60 +/- 1.52%, the percentage of cell in G0/G1 phase was 72.12 +/- 8.35%, in G2/M phase 9.54 +/- 3.20%, and PI 27.80 +/- 8.35, while in the control group, the corresponding data was 2.20 +/- 0.58%, 69.56 +/- 5.15%, 13.20 +/- 3.05%, and 30.40 +/- 5.15, respectively, and significant difference in all the 4 indexes could be found between the two groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Moreover, allicin showed effects in up-regulating the protein expressions of apoptosis promoting gene Bax and apoptosis initiating gene Fas (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and down-regulating that of anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-2 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONLocal application of allicin via gastroscopy can inhibit the cell growth and proliferation of progressive gastric carcinoma, and can also promote gastric carcinoma cell apoptosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Infective Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sulfinic Acids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; biosynthesis ; fas Receptor ; biosynthesis

Humans ; Lipoma ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Mediastinal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Thymus Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of decitabine combined with IA or CAG regimen in the treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Methods A retrospective analysis was made to observe the therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of 47 elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia,who were divided into DAC+IA group (17 cases) and DAC+CAG group (28 cases) according to the different chemotherapy.Results In DAC+IA group,the rate of complete remission was 29.4 ％ (5/17),the rate of partial remission was 35.3 ％ (6/17),the effective rate was 64.7 ％ (11/17).In DAC+CAG group,the rate of complete remission was 26.7 ％ (8/30),the rate of partial remission was 30.0 ％ (9/30),the effective rate was 56.7 ％ (17/30),the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (x2 =0.227,P =0.716).In DAC+IA group the median remission time and the median suvival time were 4.0 and 8.1 months,respectively.And they were 4.0 and 8.1 months,respectively,in DAC+CAG group.No significant difference was showed between the two groups (P value was 0.835,0.266,respectively).Conclusions Compared with decitabine combined with CAG regimen,decitabine combined with IA regimen has similar effect and can be well tolerated.Accordingly,decitabine combined with IA regimen can be used as first-line treatment for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

AIM: To explore whether strontium ranelate ( Sr ) promotes osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) through the Hedgehog/Gli1 signaling pathway.METHODS:BMSCs were isolated from 4-week-old rats by adherent culture and induced to differentiate into osteoblasts .According to the experimental purposes , the cells were exposed to different concentrations of Sr , cyclopamine ( Cy, an inhibitor of Hedgehog receptor ) or Gli1-siR-NA.The expression of Gli1 and Runx2 in the cells was detected by Western blotting .The activity of alkaline phosphatase ( ALP) was measured by the method of colorimetry , and the mineralized nodules were observed under microscope with aliz-arin red staining .RESULTS:Exposure to Sr at concentrations of 0.1 to 5 mmol/L for 7 d markedly increased the expres-sion of Gli1 in the BMSCs , and the increase in Gli1 expression was the most obvious following Sr exposure at concentration of 3 mmol/L.Cy at concentration of 10 μmol/L inhibited Sr-induced up-regulation of Gli1 expression.Transfection of the BMSCs with Gli1-siRNA not only obviously inhibited Sr-induced up-regulation of Gli1 and Runx2 ( a downstream protein of Gli1) expression, but also antagonized Sr-induced enhancement of ALP activity and the formation of mineralized nodules . CONCLUSION:The Hedgehog/Gli1 pathway is involved in Sr-induced osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs .

Objective To evaluate the effect of obesity on the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients with inguinal hernia after tensionless repair and its treatment.Methods Clinical data of 628 cases with inguinal hernia undergoing tensionless repair from Sep.2008 to May.2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The 628 patients were divided into obesity group (n=150) and non-obesity group (n=478),or SSI group (n=9) and non-SSI group(n=619).The effect of obesity on SSI after inguinal hernia and its treatment was analyzed.Re sults Among the 628 patients,SSC happened to 9 patients and the incidence was 1.43％.The rate of SSI in obesity group and non-obesity group was 4.00％ (6/150) and 0.63％ (3/478),respectively (x=6.960,P=0.002).BMI was 30.92±3.03 and 26.24±3.79 respectively in SSI group and non-SSI group (t=3.686,P=0.000).The difference has statistical significance.Factors such as diabetes,age,sex,albumin levels,American society of anesthesiology (ASA),type of hernia,method and duration of operation had no significant difference between SSI group and non-SSI group (P＞0.05).Conclusion By analyzing the risk factors of SSI after tensionless hernia repair,we find that patients with obesity are more likely to have SSI.Strengthening prevention and early treatment is a key measure to prevent postoperative infection in these patients.

Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of percutaneous iliosacral screwing versus reconstruction plating in the treatment of pelvic posterior ring fractures of Tile C.Methods The authors retrieved the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical controlled trials (CCTs) comparing percutaneous iliosacral screwing versus reconstruction plating for Tile C pelvic posterior ring fractures from the Cochrane library,Medline,Embase,CNKI,Wanfang Data and Chinese Biomedical Database by computer and from major Chinese orthopedic journals by hand.Qualified data were extracted by statistical software Revman 5.2 for meta-analysis.Results 334 cases were included in this Meta-analysis from one RCT and 3 CCTs.Of them,162 underwent percutaneous iliosacral screwing and 172 reconstruction plating (including 66 cases of percutaneous reconstruction plating and 106 ones of anterior reconstruction plating).There was no significant difference between percutaneous iliosacral screwing and reconstruction plating in operation time (P =0.16).Percutaneous reconstruction plating consumed significantly less operation time than anterior reconstruction plating (P ＜ 0.001).Percutaneous iliosacral screwing decreased significantly incision length and intraoperative blood loss than both methods of reconstruction plating (P ＜ 0.001),but significantly increased times of X-ray exposure than percutaneous reconstruction plating (P ＜ 0.001).There were no significantly differences in the good to excellence rates by Matta scores and Majeed scores between percutaneous iliosacral screwing and percutaneous reconstruction plating (P ＞ 0.05),but percutaneous iliosacral screwing performed significantly better than anterior reconstruction plating (P ＜ 0.001).Percutaneous reconstruction plating led to significantly fewer postoperative complications than anterior reconstruction plating (P ＜ 0.001) but similar incidence of postoperative pain at the sacroiliac joint compared with percutaneous reconstruction plating (P =0.30).Conclusion Compared with anterior reconstruction plating,pereutaneous iliosacral screwing and percutaneous reconstruction plating may lead to better clinical efficacy and fewer complications.Percutaneous iliosacral screwing may be superior in incision length and intraoperative blood loss,but it requires more intraoperative X-ray exposure and more demanding technical skills.