To observe the clinic effects and complication of Ahmed glaucoma valve(AGV) implantation in refractory glaucoma by using the 23G syringe needle direct puncture the sclerotic tunnel.METHODS: Forty-four cases ( 44 eyes ) of refractory glaucoma underwent AGV implantation by useing the 23G syringe needle direct puncture the sclerotic tunnel. The intraocular pressure ( lOP ) , visual acuity, and complication of post - operation were contrasted with those of pre-operation.RESULTS:The success rate was 84. 1%, the mean preoperative lOP in research group was 52. 1±10. 1mmHg, and the last follow up mean lOP was 15. 6 ± 6. 9mmHg. Compared with the preoperative visual acuity, 11 eyes increased, 27 eyes had no changes and 6 eyes decreased. The main post-operative complications included shallow anterior chamber ( 4 eyes ) , choroidal detachment ( 3 eyes), drainage tube shift (1 eye), hyphema (6 eyes), drainage tube blockage ( 1 eye ) , expulsive choroidal hemorrhage (1 eye), and fiber wrap of drainage tray (5 eyes) .CONCLUSlON:AGV implantation by direct puncture the sclerotic tunnel is feasible and easy. lt avoids of making sclerotic petal and the xenogenic sclera transplanting, simplified the operation technique, prevent the leakage of around tube. The shallow anterior chamber rate is lower. lt is an effective procedure for refractory glaucoma.

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture plus thunder-fire moxibustion on the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in cartilage of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rats, and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture plus thunder-fire moxibustion in the treatment of KOA. Methods:Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, a model group and an acupuncture-moxibustion group by random digits table, 10 rats in each group. Rats in the model group and the acupuncture-moxibustion group were injected with papain in the right posterior knee joint to prepare the models. The levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in rat synovium of each group were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after 2 weeks of treatment. The level of TGF-β1 was determined by Motic B5 Micro-camera system. Results:The levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in the cartilage of the model group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (allP<0.01); the levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in the acupuncture-moxibustion group were lower than those in the model group, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in the acupuncture-moxibustion group were higher than those in the blank control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The level of TGF-β1 in cartilage tissues of the model group was significantly lower than that in the blank control group (P<0.01); the level of TGF-β1 in the acupuncture-moxibustion group was higher than that in the model group (P<0.05), but it was lower than that in the blank control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture plus thunder-fire moxibustion can effectively recover the abnormal expressions of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in KOA model rats and somewhat up-regulate TGF-β1, which may be one of its mechanisms of acupuncture plus thunder-fire for KOA.

A method to determine dihydroxyacetone (DHA) in fermentation broth was developed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). DHA was separated on a Alltima C18(5?m,250?4.6mm). The mobile phase was 0.5% methanol solution (pH adjusted to 3.0 with H3PO4), the flow-rate was 1.0 ml/min and the detective wavelength was 200 nm. The detection limits of DHA was 0.1 g/L～10.0 g/L. 6.2 g/L DHA in the fermentation broth was detected by HPLC, which was in agreement with the result by spectrophotometric method.The method was applicable for DHA determination in the fermentation process.

A strain NK13 was screened for a certain extent asymmetric hydrolyze the rac-ketoprofen chloroethyl ester and identified as Bacillus megaterium. For the preparation of gene libraries, a positive clones was obtained from the tributyrin flat. The sequence of this esterase gene had been analysised, and contained the whole ORF of an esterase gene with the length of 933bp. The esterase gene of NK13 was compared with the esterase genes of GenBank and the result showed that the esterase gene of NK13 was a novel gene(GenBank accession nember DQ196347).The new esterase gene was inserted into the plasmid pET21b+, then the recombinant plasmid transformed E.coli BL21. After being induced by IPTG, it was expressed in the host strain. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the relative molecular mass of the esterase was about 34kDa. The result of TLC and HPLC showed that the recombinant strain had higher conversion ration than templet strain. 47.4%of the rac-ketoprofen Chloroethl ester was hydrolyzed to ketoprofen by the recombinant strain in 45min. The (S)- ketoprofen enantiomeric excess, in the later,was 55.46%, which indicated that the esterase could hydrolyze (S)-ketoprofen chloroethyl ester firstly.

More than 20 strains capable of producing dihydroxyacetone from glycerol were isolated from 4 different natural environment samples by using two detection methods. The strain 6-8 which could grow on medium containing glycerol as sole carbon source had a higher converting capability. Under a better culture, the highest DHA production of the strain 6?8 reached 6.4 g/L. In addition to general morphological and bio-chemical characteristics, the strain 6?8 was identified by 16S rDNA sequence and systematic analysis. The results showed that 16S rDNA sequence of the strain 6-8 had similarity of 99.7% with Acinetobacter sp. suggesting that the strain 6-8 is one of subspecies of Acinetobacter sp.

In this paper, the number of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere microbial organisms of fusarium wilt resistant and susceptible watermelon under soil culture and soilless substrate culture was studied by traditional culture methods. The results showed that, the number of rhizoshpere microorganisms was significantly higher than non-rhizosphere, and the number was changed with the stage of watermelon grow, the number was the lowest in seedling stage and increased with the watermelon grow, and achieved highest at the flowering and fruiting stage, decreased with the watermelon ageing. The fusarium wilt resistant of watermelon was correspondence with number of rhizosphere bacteria; the number of rhizosphere bacteria of resistant watermelon was higher than that of susceptible watermelon in each stage under soil culture and soilless culture. The fusarium wilt resistant of watermelon is no correspondence with number of rhizosphere fungi and actinomycete. The number of non-rhizosphere microbial organisms was changed in a small range in the whole growing stage. The non-rhizosphere bacteria have no significant change in the whole stage under soil culture and increased quickly under soilless substrate culture and decreased at the later stage. The non-rhizosphere fungi and actinomycete reached highest at the later stage under soil culture or soilless sub-strate culture.

The traditional culture methods and the molecular biology methods were used to study the rhizosphere bacterial diversity between fusarium wilt resistant and susceptible watermelon. The results showed that the diversity and the equality of cultured rhizosphere bacteria of resistant watermelon were higher than those of the susceptible watermelon. The reason was that the cultured rhizosphere bacterial di- versity index H′ and 1/D of the resistant watermelon were higher than those of the susceptible watermelon and that the cultured rhizosphere bacterial equality index E of the resistant watermelon were higher than those of the susceptible watermelon. The dominant cultured bacterial genotypes were different between re- sistant and susceptible watermelon. The genotype 1 is the dominant genotype of resistant watermelon, con- sists 51.1%. The genotype 7 is the dominant genotype of susceptible watermelon, consists 58.7%.

AIM: To evaluate the effect of binocular visual function training in pediatric ocular trauma. METHODS: There were 76 patients (76 eyes) that were hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of ocular injury at the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University between January 2006 and December 2009. Binocular visual function training was given after primary wound repair. Far stereopsis function were checked using AIT-1000 synoptophore fusion, and near stereopsis function was checked using Titmus stereogram.Binocular visual function was compared before and after training. RESULTS: Before binocular visual function training,26 eyes（34%）had no binocular vision, after training there were only 16 eyes（21%） without binocular vision. Before undertaking binocular visual function training with fusion, only 27 eyes (36%) had binocular vision, after the training there were 48 eyes (63%) with binocular vision. Before undertaking binocular visual function training with far stereopsis ,there were 23 eyes (30%) with binocular vision, after the training there were 29 eyes (38%). Before binocular visual function training with near stereopsis, there were 14 eyes (18%) with binocular vision, after the training there were 33 eyes (43%) with binocular vision. There was a significant difference in the number of patients with binocular vision before and after binocular visual function training. CONCLUSION:The training is useful for the reconstruction of binocular visual function in pediatric ocular trauma.

ATM: To define the causes of corneal endothelial cell damage, to investigate the preventive methods, and to observe the variety of corneal endothelial cell in glaucoma using confocal microscope.
METHODS: Totally, 143 eyes of 97 patients with different types of glaucoma, and matched normal people were 20 cases, all 40 eyes. The cell density, cell area and cell variable coefficient were measured used confocal microscope. These indicatives of every kind of glaucoma were compared.
RESULTS: The corneal endothelial cell density of normal group was 2 893. 88±255. 026/mm2 , the group of acute angle-closure glaucoma ( AACG ) was 1 674. 11±683.95/mm2 , and the group of open angle glaucoma (OAG) was 2687. 22±391. 87/mm2, the group of chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG) was 2706. 97±351. 27/mm2. In all index the average cell density of corneal endothelial and the average area have statistical significance ( F =62.950, 8. 795;P=0. 000), especially the group of AACG.CONCLUSION: The index of corneal endothelial cell in AACG is lower than that of normal. All index in OAG and CACG is difference with that of normal, but the difference has no statistical significance. And the dominant factor of damaged corneal endothelial is the time of intraocular hypertension.

OBJECTIVEYoung C57BL/6 (B6) mice were treated with a specific tolerogen-dual analogue (Lys262-Ala207) intranasally to observe its effect on the invasion process of mice model and the clinical symptoms, to assess its clinical effects, and to explore the underlying mechanisms and feasibility of nasal mucosal tolerance explored.

METHODSPassively transferred myasthenia gravis (PTMG) was induced by mAb35 on B6 young female mice. Sixty mice were divided equally into three groups: tolerance group, model group and control group. Lys262-Ala207 was given intranasally (250 microg/mouse) to tolerance group with mAb35 for 10 successive days before immunization. Model group received PBS 50 microl only. The body weight and clinical scores were evaluated. The serum levels of AChRAb and the main cytokines (IL-4, IFN-gamma, TGF-beta1) were detected with ELISA.

RESULTSThe model group had typical myasthenia symptoms. B6 mice of tolerance group had less severe symptoms compared with control groups. The clinical symptoms of tolerance group were relieved. The level of AChRAb in tolerance group [(16.01 +/- 1.09) mg/L] was significantly lower than that of model group [(28.12 +/- 1.28) mg/L] (t = 44.37, P < 0.01). IL-4 and IFN-gamma levels in tolerance group [(141.02 +/- 3.11) ng/L, (187.99 +/- 4.67) ng/L] were significantly lower than those of model group [(193.37 +/- 3.95) ng/L, (320.46 +/- 2.14) ng/L] (t = 37.20, 51.69, P < 0.01). The level of TGF-beta1 in tolerance group [(437.19 +/- 1.93) ng/L] was higher than that of model group [(175.63 +/- 3.12) ng/L] (t = 36.07, P < 0.01). But there were still significant change as compared to those in control group (t = 26.65, 31.05, 49.02, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSNasal administration of Lys262-Ala207 ameliorated muscular weakness in PTMG young mice. The therapeutic effect is possibly correlated with the function of immune system.

Animals ; Female ; Immune Tolerance ; Immunity, Mucosal ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Myasthenia Gravis ; blood ; immunology ; Nasal Mucosa ; immunology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; blood