Objective To observe erythropoietin (EPO) and its mRNA expression changes in rats cortical neurons when suffering hypoxia and investigate the endogenous EPO protective effect of hypoxia neuronal cells.Methods Cultured cortical neurons were prepared from hypoxia rats and divided into control,hypoxia 12,24,48,72 h group.Using immunohistochemistry,reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot,we observed EPO and its mRNA expression in cells,and also observe the culture medium containing lactate dehydrogenase to evaluate the activity of neurons in the whole process.Results Immunohistochemistry,RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed:the EPO (20.79 ± 2.98) and its mRNA (0.78 ± 0.05) at 12 h had a basic expression in hypoxia group,compared with the control group (EPO:17.12 ± 1.99; mRNA:0.39 ± 0.05),and the difference was statistically significant (t =2.51,P ＜ 0.05 ; t =13.51,P ＜ 0.01) ; the strongest expression was observed at 48 h (EPO:28.88 ± 3.41,mRNA:1.45 ± 0.07),the difference was statistically significant (t =7.29,P ＜ 0.01 ; t =33.24,P ＜ 0.01) ; and neuronal activity was strongest.Lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly decreased after hypoxia 72 h,and also a statistically significant difference was found between the groups at each point.Conclusions The EPO and EPO mRNA expression are increased after hypoxia in neuron cells,and may enhance the activity of neurons.Our study suggests that EPO might be involved in the development process of neuronal hypoxia and play an important role in neuronal hypoxia process.

To introduce scientific research innovation into undergraduate education, cultivating innovative talents has been an urgent mission of current higher education. This article reviewed our experience, with the introduction of producing-studying-researching platform built on original innovative achievements of Chongqing medical university,of training physical medicine physician to be practical talents of large-scale diagnostic and therapeutic medical equipments, and was aimed to explore introducing producing-studying-researching platform into undergraduate education as well as improve personnel training quality of undergraduates.

Objective To evaluate the methods and consequences of surgical technique in the treatment of Stanford A aortic dissection.Methods 108 patients with type Standford A aortic dissection underwent surgery in our study,including urgent surgery in 53 and selective surgery in 55.The operation was performed under deep hypothennic circulatory arrest (DHCA) in 85 cases.Surgical procedures included ascending and semi arch replacement or total arch replacement (some cases combined with stented graft implanted into the descending aorta),"elephant trunk" procedure.Concomitant procedures included repair of intimal tear in arch or descending aorta,Bentall procedure,aortic valve replacement,Cabrol or modified Cabrol procedure,aortic valvuloplasty,mitral valvuloplasty or mitral valve replacement,tricuspid valvuloplasty and CABG.Results In-hospital mortality was 6.5% (7 of 108 patients).The mor- tality was 7.5% (4 of 53 patients) in urgent surgery group and in elective surgery group was 5.4% (3 of 55 patients).Ninety six percent survived patients were followed up for 1 month to 13.3 years [mean (3.2?1.3) years] and 2 deaths occurred during the fel- low-up period.3 patients underwent re-operatian.Conclusion The choice of surgical procedures depend on the location of intimal tear for Stanford A aortic dissection.The better operative effects can be expected with proper surgical indication,perfecting surgical technique,and enhancing postoperative treatment.

In this study the chemical constituents of the higher polar sustances from Desmodium caudatum were investigated.The compounds were isolated by using column chromatographies over silicagel, polyamide, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. The structures of these compounds were identified on the basis of NMR and MS spectra. Thirteen compounds were obtained and their structures were identified as vanillin(1), loliolide(2), indole-3-carboxaldehyde(3), salicylic acid(4), swertisin(5), saccharumoside C(6), isosinensin (7), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (8), isovitexin (9), vitexin (10), nothofagin(11), resveratroloside (12), and 2"-α-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-methylvitexin (13). Except for compound 5, the remaining compounds were isolated from D. caudatum for the first time. Compounds 2, 3, 6-8, 11-13 were separated from the genus Desmodium for the first time.
Apigenin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

The cytokines of acute leukemia (AL) patients have certain expression patterns, forming a complex network involved in diagnosis, progression, and prognosis. We collected the serum of different AL patients before and after complete remission (CR) for detection of cytokines by using an antibody chip. The expression patterns of cytokines were determined by using bioinformatics computational analysis. The results showed that there were significant differences in the cytokine expression patterns between AL patients and normal controls, as well as between acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In confirmatory test, ELISA revealed the expression of uPAR in AL. Moreover, the bioinformatic analysis showed that the differentially expressed cytokines among the AL groups were involved in different biological behaviors and were closely related with the development of the disease. It was concluded that the cytokine expression pattern of AL patients is significantly different from that of healthy volunteers. Also, differences of cytokine expression patterns exist between AML and ALL, and between before and after CR in the same subtype of AL, which holds important clinical significance for revealing disease progression.

The recurrence rate of primary hepatocellularcarcinoma is very high,and repetitive resection is still the besttreatment for operable recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.Indocyanine green(ICG) has been widely used andpopularized in resection of hepatocellular carcinoma,providesmore possibilities and diversity for the surgical treatment ofrecurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. Combined withpreoperative imaging,three-dimensional imaging technologyand intraoperative ultrasound,ICG can effectively improve theradical and accuracy of the operation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. ICG-guided hepatectomy isappropriate for the new concept and technical system of liversurgery advocated by modern medical model, and realizesfunctional and anatomical hepatectomy for recurrenthepatocellular carcinoma.

Aviation ; Humans ; Physical Fitness ; Resistance Training ; Schools ; Students

OBJECTIVETo study the changes in pathogenic causes and the prognosis of aortic valve replacement (AVR).

METHODSThe clinical data of 1026 patients undergoing AVR from December 1980 to December 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. The mortality, morbidity, changes in pathogenic causes and risk factors were analyzed.

RESULTSThe postoperative mortality and complication morbidity were 4.3% and 10.6% respectively within 30 days followed operation. Main causes of operative death were heart failure, multi organ failure and endocarditis. The major risk factors for operative death were left ventricle ejection fraction less than 0.4, endocarditis, valve regurgitation and emergency operation before AVR. Late mortality was 0.54% patient-year (3.4%), most of whom died of heart failure, endocarditis and arrhythmias. Patients underwent reoperation 0.22% patient-year (1.4%), with the causes of endocarditis and perivalvular fistula.

CONCLUSIONSMorbidity of rheumatic damage in aortic valve has decreased, while valve degeneration has increased gradually in the recent years. Avoiding prosthesis-patient mismatch, good postoperatively guide and prevention of endocarditis can improve the prognosis of AVR.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aortic Valve ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Valve Diseases ; surgery ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; methods ; mortality ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the sulcus depth changes of bilateral alveolar clefts after bone grafting with different techniques.

METHODSForty-two patients with bilateral alveolar clefts were treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, including three bilateral alveolar clefts with bilateral cleft lips and thirty-nine bilateral alveolar clefts with bilateral complete cleft lip and cleft palate. Three techniques were used to repair the bilateral alveolar clefts, named: bucket-handle mucosal flap, bilateral buccal mucosal flaps and bilateral buccal mucosal flaps with premaxillary separation and bone grafting. Postoperatively, the depth of the sulcus was evaluated with the following four grades: 0) no change, I) one-third shallow, II) two-thirds shallow, III) disappear.

RESULTSForty-two bilateral alveolar clefts were repaired with the above mentioned techniques with the results: Grade 0 in 20 patients (47.6%), grade I in 10 patients (23.8%), grade II in 10 patients (23.8%), grade III in 2 patients (4.7%). In 6 patients with the bucket-handle mucosal flap technique and the technique of the bilateral buccal mucosal flaps with the premaxillary bone graft, the depth of the sulcus was reduced to two-thirds in 4 patients (66.7%), and the sulcus totally disappeared in 2 patients (33.3%).

CONCLUSIONSThe above mentioned techniques could reduce the depth of the sulcus, therefore, the surgeons should notice this complication and prevent it during the operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Transplantation ; Child ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome

Acetylcholine ; metabolism ; Animals ; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Dopamine ; metabolism ; Epinephrine ; metabolism ; Female ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism ; Norepinephrine ; metabolism ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Synaptic Transmission