Background The key premise of genetic research and treatment is to select the desired gene vector,ultrasound microbubbles as a new type of gene vector can safe,fast and effectively enhance the gene transfection and expression by reversibility increasing the permeability of cells. Objective This study was to observe the effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor(CNTF)gene mediated by ultrasound microbubbles intraocular transfer on visual function and retinal ganglion cell(BGCs)after optic nerve injury. Methods Fifty-five adult Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were divided into 6 groups randomly,including normal control group(n=5),sham injury group(n=10),simple injury group(n=10),naked plasmid group(n=10),plasmid+ultrasonic irradiation group(n=10)and ultrasound microbubbles group(n=10).The model of optic nerve injury Was made by forceps clip on the fight optic nerve.and the corresponding intervene was performed in different groups.Flash visual evoked potential(F

Gout ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Radiography ; Tartrates ; analysis ; Young Adult

Good prenatal and postnatal care and good preschool education are important approaches to raise the diatheses of population for the chinese nation. This article suggests that the cell phone platform can be used to communicate with each other among the hospitals, the government and the common people, through which the useful informations could be transmitted to the relative persons in time. It's also a new way for propaganda of family planning. This article introduces the structure of the system, the creation of the expert database, and the connection to the telecommunication system.
Cell Phone ; Family Planning Services ; methods ; Software Design

Objective To investigate the effect of Shuangbo San on promoting the recovery of gastrointestinal function of prostatic cancer patients after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy(LRP). Methods Sixty-five prostatic cancer patients after LRP were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group (N = 33)was treated with postoperative conventional western medicine combined with acupoint application of heated Shuangbo San on Shenque(CV8), and the control group(N = 32) was treated with postoperative conventional western medicine. The treatment lasted for 7 continous days. The clinical outcomes included time for the recovery of bowel sounds, postoperative exsufflation time, postoperative defecation time, time for the relief of abdominal distension and pain, average hospitalization time and total effective rate. Results (1) Time for the recovery of bowel sounds, postoperative exsufflation time, and postoperative defecation time in the treatment group were shortened as compared with the control group, the difference being significant (P < 0.05 or P <0.01). (2) After treatment, time for the relief of abdominal distension and pain, and average hospitalization time in the treatment group were shorter, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores of abdominal distension and pain were less than those in the control group, the difference being significant(P<0.01).(3) The total effective rate of the treatment group and the control group was 93.94％, 71.88％ respectively, the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Acupoint application of heated Shuangbo San on Shenque(CV8) is effective on promoting the exsufflation and defecation of post-LRP prostatic cancer patients, relieving abdominal distension and pain, promoting the recovery of gastrointestinal function, reducing the risk of postoperative intestinal obstruction and shortening hospitalization time, and has certain advantages as compared with postoperative conventional western medicine.

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics of autopsies in medical dispute cases, with respect to class of hospitals, clinical units concerned, age of deceased and cause of death.

METHODSTwo hundred and seventy-five autopsies performed on medical dispute cases during the period from January 1, 2002 to September 30, 2008 at the Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Peking University, China were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTSDuring the period of study, the number of autopsies performed on medical dispute cases gradually increased. Medical dispute cases happened more often in surgical, obstetric and gynecology departments of grade II and III hospitals, as well as emergency departments of grade I hospitals. Perinatal death in infants of less than 1 year old more frequently caused medical dispute than death occurring in other age groups. According to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD10), disorders of the circulatory system, perinatal illnesses, external injury or iatrogenic conditions represented the major categories of cause of death. In general, the vast majority was due to natural causes and only 13.5% were related to iatrogenic reasons or medical negligence. Pathologic diagnosis of sudden coronary death, myocardial infarction and viral myocarditis should only be made with strict diagnostic criteria.

CONCLUSIONSAutopsies for medical dispute cases can help to delineate the cause of death and provide evidence for further clarification. Meticulous autopsy techniques, application of strict diagnostic criteria and detailed analysis of cause of death are key steps in achieving a high quality service in this area.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Autopsy ; Cause of Death ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dissent and Disputes ; Female ; Fetal Diseases ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Malpractice ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive process to an increased hemodynamic overload. However, the adaption may lead to the fragility of myocardium facing pathological stimuli. In the present study, experiments were designed to explore the susceptibility of hypertrophic myocardiocytes to apoptotic stimuli and the role of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) during the transition from hypertrophy to apoptosis. Endothelin-1 (ET-1)-treated cardiomyocytes were used as model of cardiac hypertrophy. Angiotensin II (Ang II) was used as an apoptotic stimulus. Cell surface area was measured to determine the extent of hypertrophy. The apoptotic rate in cardiomyocytes was detected by Hoechst 33258. (1) Cell surface area was increased by 42.5% and 67.3% following 1 nmol/L and 10 nmol/L ET-1 treatment, respectively, as compared with serum-free cultured myocytes. So the mildly and moderately hypertrophic myocyte models were set up. (2) Apoptotic rates in serum-free cultured, mildly and moderately hypertrophic myocytes after Ang II treatment were (15.54+/-1.32) %, (20.65+/-1.40) % and (29.33+/-3.52) %, respectively. It is suggested that hypertrophic myocytes are more susceptive to apoptotic stimulus. (3) Rottlerin, a specific inhibitor of PKCdelta depressed apoptotic rates induced by Ang II to (15.88+/-2.25) % in mildly hypertrophic myocytes and to (15.01+/-1.37) % in moderately hypertrophic myocytes; but rottlerin did not affect apoptotic rate induced by Ang II in serum-free cultured myocytes. These results suggest that inhibition of PKCdelta can reduce Ang II-induced apoptosis of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes and that PKCdelta is possibly involved in the apoptotic process of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes.
Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; physiology ; Cardiomegaly ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Cell Enlargement ; drug effects ; Endothelin-1 ; pharmacology ; Heart Failure ; physiopathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; pathology ; Primary Cell Culture ; Protein Kinase C-delta ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on postuburn hypermetabolism in burn patients and its mechanism.

METHODSThirty-two patients inflicted with burn of 50% to 90% TBSA admitted to our department during past 5 years (1998-2002) were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into A (with 0.25 U.kg(-1).d(-1) of rhGH treatment on 7-10 PBD, n=16) and B (with 0.25 U.kg(-1).d(-1) of normal saline as control, n = 16) groups. The changes in the rest energy expenditure (REE), non-protein respiratory quotient (NPRQ), glucose metabolism, nitrogen balance as well as plasma levels of endocrines and inflammatory mediators were determined before and after the administration of rhGH.

RESULTSrhGH was given to patients in group A during 7 - 10 PBD. The NPRQ in group A began to increase at the 7th PBD, raised to 0.80 +/- 0.09 in the 21st PBD. The plasma levels of PGE2, TXB2, TNF-alpha and IL-6 significantly decreased and insulin, rhGH and IGF-1 obviously increased when compared with those in group B. The accumulated nitrogen loss in group A was also much lower than that in group B. The plasma levels of adrenaline, cortisol, glucagon in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe postburn administration of rhGH timely could regulate postburn hypermetabolism in severely burned patients by increasing the plasma levels of GH, IGF-1 and insulin, which was beneficial to the improvement of nutrition state and to the promotion of protein synthesis and wound healing.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns ; metabolism ; Energy Metabolism ; drug effects ; Female ; Human Growth Hormone ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the sperm quality of college students in Chengdu area.

METHODSA computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) was made of the sperm concentration, grade A sperm, grade B sperm, sperm viability rate and movement parameters (VCL, VAP, VSL, LIN, STR) of 549 volunteers from 14 colleges in Chengdu area. The volunteers were divided into normal and abnormal groups according to the criteria (sperm concentration > or = 20 x 10(6)/ml, grade A and B sperm > or = 50% or grade A sperm > or = 25%). The results were compared with the data reported in China.

RESULTSAmong the 549 volunteers, the sperm concentration was (50.90 +/- 27.31) x 10(6)/ml, grade A and B sperm was (42.21 +/- 15.38)%, grade A sperm was (29.48 +/- 13.71)%, and the sperm viability rate was (56.40 +/- 14.77)%. The volunteers with normal sperm accounted for 62.84% (345/549) in contrast with abnormal (37.16%, 204/549). Among the 204 volunteers with abnormal sperms, there were 187 (90.67%) with abnormal motility, 39 (19.21%) with abnormal concentration, 22 (10.78%) with both abnormal concentration and abnormal motility. There were no volunteers without sperm. Among the 345 volunteers with normal sperm, the VCL, VAP and VSL were above 25 microns/s, and the VCL, VAP, VSL, LIN and STR were significantly higher than those of the abnormal group (P < 0.01). Moreover, the sperm concentration and the sperm viability rate in 549 volunteers, including 345 volunteers with normal sperm, were lower than the data reported in China.

CONCLUSIONSDue attention should be paid to the sperm quality of the college students in Chengdu area, whose sperm concentration and sperm viability rate have a tendency to decrease.

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is an autosomal dominant disorder. Pseudoaneurysms formation and rupture is an unusual complication of neurofibromatosis. To date, pseudoaneurysm of the internal pudendal artery associated with NF-1 has not been reported. In this article, we present a 62-yr-old man with NF-1 suffering from spontaneous hematoma of the perinea and scrotum. A digital substraction angiography disclosed a ruptured pseudoaneurysm of the right internal pudendal artery, which was successfully managed with transcatheter embolization.
Aneurysm, False/pathology/*therapy ; Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Arteries/*pathology ; Embolization, Therapeutic/*methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibromatosis 1/*complications/pathology ; Perineum/blood supply/pathology ; Scrotum/blood supply/pathology ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of anti-oncogene WWOX on cell growth of cholangiocarcinoma.

METHODSThe expression of WWOX protein was detected with immunohistochemical method-SP in 54 patients with cholangiocarcinoma from July 2005 to May 2010 and 12 samples of normal bile duct tissues. The recombinant WWOX eukaryotic expression plasmid was introduced into RBE cells by liposome-mediated transfection and positive cell clones were selected and amplified. The mRNA and protein expressions in RBE cells stably transfected with WWOX were investigated by quantitative RT-PCR and Western Blot before and after transfection. Cell proliferation was tested by MTT, cell apoptosis was assessed by FCM, the alteration of mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm) was detected by JC-1 staining method, cell invasion was determined by Transwell chamber assay. The expression change of bcl-2, bax, FasL, caspase-3 mRNA and protein was detected by quantitative RT-PCR and Western Blot.

RESULTSThe expression of WWOX protein was significantly lower in cholangiocarcinoma than that in normal bile duct tissues and loss of WWOX protein expression was found in 40.7% of cholangiocarcinoma specimens (P < 0.05). RBE cells with stable transfection of WWOX were established. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression of WWOX mRNA was significantly enhanced and Western Blot demonstrated that WWOX protein expression was markedly increased. MTT showed that WWOX gene transfection significantly decreased the proliferation of RBE cells (P < 0.05). FCM analysis showed that the apoptosis rate after transfection was significantly promoted [(1.1 ± 0.6)% vs. (1.7 ± 0.5)% vs. (35.2 ± 4.4)%, P < 0.01], JC-1 staining method indicated that the experimental group was loss of ΔΨm [(12.6 ± 1.9)% vs. (13.6 ± 1.8)% vs. (48.7 ± 2.9)%, P < 0.01], transwell chamber assay showed that the number of transfected cells that passed the transwell membrane was significantly less than those of control groups (77 ± 6 vs. 72 ± 8 vs. 48 ± 6, P < 0.01). Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and protein was markedly decreased and the expression of bax, caspase-3 were significantly increased. There was no significant change in the expression of FasL.

CONCLUSIONWWOX exerts its antitumor effect against proliferation through inducing cell apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma.

Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Oxidoreductases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Transfection ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; WW Domain-Containing Oxidoreductase