Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of ultra-early (< 24 h)and delayed (≥ 24 h ) endovascular embolization of ruptured intracranial aneurysms with systematic review. Methods PubMed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,VIP,Wanfang Data,and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI)were retrieved according to inclusion,exclusion criteria and retrieval strategies,and the clinical literature of ultra-early and delayed endovascular embolization for the treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms were obtained. The Review Manager 5. 3 software was used to conduct Meta-analysis for good prognosis rate,postoperative mortality,and postoperative rebleeding rate. Results A total of 10 articles were included,9 of them were retrospective control studies and 1 was prospective control study. A total of 2 021 patients were enrolled,including 970 patients treated with ultra-early treatment;1 051 patients treated with delayed treatment. There was significant difference in the good prognosis rate (OR,2. 67,95% CI 2. 07 -3. 44,P < 0. 01)and the postoperative rebleeding rate (OR,0. 23,95% CI 0. 11 -0. 47)between the ultra - early embolization group and the delayed embolization group (all P < 0. 01). There were no significant difference in the mortality between the two groups (OR,0. 76,95% CI 0. 51 -1. 13,P = 0. 17). The subgroup analysis showed that there were significant differences in the good prognosis rate in the ultra-early group compared with the early group (< 3 d,OR,1. 98,95% CI 1. 33 -2. 95)and the middle and late group (≥3 d,OR,4. 66,95% CI 2. 21 -9. 81,all P < 0. 01). Conclusion Compared with the delayed group, ultra-early embolization of ruptured intracranial aneurysms may improve the good prognosis rate,reduce the rebleeding rate,and not increase the mortality after procedure at the same time. However,more high quality and large sample randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm them.

Objective To explore the role of microRNA-181b (miR-181b) in cerebral ischemic injury in vivo and its mechanism. Methods Using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model to mimic ischemic injury in vivo, the heat shock protein A5(HSPA5) protein level was determined by using Western blotting. The extent of neural cell loss in ischemic cortex after MCAO was assessed by Nissl staining. Neurological score was performed to evaluate the degree of cerebral ischemic injury after MCAO. Results We found that miR-181b antagomir down-regulated miR-181b expression levels in cerebral ischemic cortex of mice after MCA0(P <0.05, n =3). MiR-181 b antagomir improved neurological deficit of mice at 24 hours after transient MCAO (P < 0.05, n =6). HSPA5 protein levels were significantly up-regulated in ischemic cortex of mice after MCAO, and miR-181b antagomir further up-regulated HSPA5 (P < 0.05, n=3). Consequently, miR-181b antagonists attenuated neural cell loss in ischemic cortex after MCAO (P <0.05, n=3). Conclusion MiR-181 b plays an important role in ischemic injury of mice through regulating HSPA5 protein level.

Objective To investigate the effects of ulinastatin on the expression of neutrophil CD_(11b) and CD_(18) during orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT).Methods Forty patients with liver diseases,ASAⅢorⅣ, undergoing OLT were randomly divided into two groups.Ulinastatin group(n=20)received intravenous infusion of ulinastatin 3?10~5 IU in 100 ml normal saline after skin incision and repeated every 4 hours thereafter.Control group received same amount of normal saline instead(n=20).Blood samples were taken immediately before skin incision,120 min after skin incision,30 min of anhepatic phase,60 min of neohepatic phase and at the end of operation for measurement of CD_(11b) and CD_(18) expression of neutrophil by flow cytometry.Results CD_(11b)/CD_(18) expression was increased significantly in control group 60 min of neohepatic phase and at the end of operation compared to the level before skin incision,but in ulinastatin group there was no significant change in CD_(11b)/CD_(18) expression during the whole procedures(P＞0.05).CD_(11b)/CD_(18)expression was significantly lower 60 min of neohepatic phase and at the end of operation in ulinastatin group than in control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion Ulinastatin can inhibit the increase in CD_(11b)/CD_(18)expression during OLT,and be helpful for reducing the inflammatory response.

Objective To describe the manifestations of the inferior phrenic arteries(IPA)supply to the pulmonary hemorrhagic lesions and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter arterial embolization(TAE)of the IPA.Methods The clinical data and imaging findings of eighteen patients with the additional blood supply to the pulmonary hemorrhagic lesions from the IPA were evaluated retrospectively.The causes of the bleeding were lung malignancies in 9,bronchiectasis in 7,and chronic inflammation in 2 patients.TAE supplementally was performed in patients with IPA supply to the pulmonary lesions,using polyvinyl alcohol particles,gelatin sponge particles,and microcoils.Results Selective arteriogram demonstrates an enlarged IPA,with numerous branches and hypervascularity in all 18 cases, with tumor staining in 9,the contrast material extravasation in 6,and non-specific staining in 2 cases.In addition,IPA-to-pulmonary shunting was found in 9 cases.All the lesions supplying by IPA were adjacent to the pleurae,including adjacent to the diaphragmatic pleura in 11,the mediastinal pleura in 5,and the lateral pleura of the lower lobe in 2 cases.Technical success of IPA embolization was achieved in the 18 cases.Embolization of other nonbronchial systemic arteries(the internal thoracic artery in 7 and intercostal artery in 3)was performed at the same session.All bleeding ceased immediately after supplemental IPA embolization.Follow-up time ranged from 8 months to 4 years.Mild recurrent hemoptysis occurred in 3 patients at 1,2,6 months respectively,after the embolization.These patients were responsive to conservative management.Recurrent bleeding did not occur in 15 patients during the follow-up. Conclusion The pulmonary hemorrhagic lesions,especially adjacent to the diaphragmatic and mediastinal pleurae,can be supplied by IPA,and may result in clinical failure following BAE.Supplemental TAE of IPA is a safe and effective adjunct to BAE in the management of bronchial bleeding supplied by IPA.

OBJECTIVETo refine the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 5p15 and screen new tumor suppressor gene(s) in colorectal tumorigenesis.

METHODSSamples of colorectal cancer and normal tissue of 83 cases were collected in this study. Sixteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were analyzed on chromosome 5 and another 6 markers on chromosome 5p15 by PCR. PCR products were electrophoresed on an ABI 377 DNA sequencer. Genescan 3.1 and Genotype 2.1 software were used for LOH scanning and analysis.

RESULTSTwo distinct regions of frequent allelic deletions at D5S416 on 5p15 and D5S428-D5S410 on 5q were detected. Another 6 polymorphic microsatellite markers were applied to 5p15 and the minimal region of frequrent loss of heterozygosity was established on 5p15 spanning the D5S416 locus.

CONCLUSIONA critical and precise location of 5p deletions, 5p15.2-5p15.3, has been detected, which may contain one or more unknown tumor suppressor gene(s) related to colorectal cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chromosome Mapping ; methods ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Traditional Chinese medicine industry is China's strategic emerging industry with great potential for self-innovation. Traditional Chinese medicine industry has successively experienced four stages which are the foundation (laying stage), the core status (establishing stage), the modern system (exploring stage), and the modernization system (constructing stage). Throughout the evolution of the self-innovation in traditional Chinese medicine industry, it presents distinct characteristics which we can explore the beneficial enlightenment.
Drug Industry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

To reveal the effect of rotation cropping and bacterial manure on the growth of Chrysanthemum morifolium and screen the beneficial endophytic, the diversity of endophytic and dominant genera of different treatment groups were analyzed. Four different treatments were continuous cropping, rotation, self-made organic fertilizer and commercially available fertilizer, respectively. Endophytic bacterial diversity and dominant genera in different organs were examined using Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP). The results showed that enzyme Hae III was more appropriate than enzyme Hinfl because the number of TRFs digested by enzyme Hae III was more than that of enzyme Hinfl. In comparison of diversity, the endophytic bacterial communities' diversity index in group of cropping rotation and fertilizer was higher than that of continuous cropping which indicated that the addition of exogenous microorganism in soil could increase the diversity of plant endophyte. 18 dominant species were selected, including 3 kinds of Firmicutes, 4 kinds of Actinomycetes and 11 kinds of Proteobacteria. The results of dominant species comparison showed that the number of dominant species in continuous cropping of Ch. morifolium was significantly less than that of the rotation group. Some dominant bacteria in rotation group and fertilizer group such as Arthrobacter, Streptomyces, Streptomyces, Flavobacterium and Mycobacterium were not found in the continuous cropping of Ch. mortfolium group. Dominant species of fertilizer treatment group was similar with the rotation group, and the continuous cropping group's dominant species was more abundant. It indicates that these bacteria may be able to mitigate hindrance in continuous cropping, especially the Flavobacterium which can decompose the pathogenic fungi is worthy of further attention. Compared with leaves, there are more dominant species in roots and stems. The diversity of edophytic bacterial communities in continuous cropping of Ch. morifolium stays below than that in the rotation of Ch. morifolium, and fertilizer treatment can increase the diversity of continuous cropping so that it could mitigate hindrance in continuous cropping.
Actinobacteria ; physiology ; Agriculture ; Biodiversity ; Chrysanthemum ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific ; Endophytes ; Fertilizers ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; physiology ; Phylogeny ; Plant Leaves ; Plant Roots ; microbiology ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Proteobacteria ; physiology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; chemistry ; genetics ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology

To explore the mechanism of soil microbial ecology, the differences of fungal diversities in rhizosphere of different provenances of Fritillaria thunbergii were analyzed. The diversities and compositions of rhizo-fungi of the samples were analyzed by using DGGE and 454 pyrosequencing. DGGE results showed the Shannon index of Ninbo provenance planted in Ninbo was the highest one. And its dominant fungi were Ascomycota, Deuteromycota and Zygomycota. Except the same fungi, every provenance planted in Ninbo had its own special ones. From the 454 pyrosequencing, the fungal diversity in Panan producing was the highest which was similar with DGGE result. Among the ten phylum detected in its rhizosoil, Fungi_incertae_sedis, Ascomycota, Mucoromycotina, Basidiomycota and Chytridiomycota almost amounted to 90% of the whole community. The fungal types and amounts in Panan were more than those in Ninbo indicating the differences between producing areas and the advantage of macro genome sequencing. There were 10 phyla, 29 families, 28 genus and 159 species of fungi in Panan provenance, 6 phyla, 20 families, 19 genus, 136 species in Ninbo provenance, 8 phyla, 37 families, 47 genus, 289 species in Nantong provenance and 7 phyla, 25 families, 24 genus, 102 species in the bulk soil. Some genus such as Dothidea, Capnobotryella and Conidiobolus were only existed in Nantong provenance, while Pyrenochae- ta, Glomus and Pseudonectria were only in Panan provenance, which implied these species could grew because F. thunbergii influenced the existence of fungi. Experiments of provenance and producing area of F. thunbergii showed that the fungal diversity of indigenous provenance was higher than that of exotic provenance and each provenance had unique fungal species in the rhizosphere, which indicated that the diversity and structure was shaped cooperatively by the species and soil type. These fungal species are interacted with the soil-rhizhosphere-microbe microecological system, which in turn influence the growth of F. thunbergii.
Ecosystem ; Fritillaria ; genetics ; microbiology ; Fungi ; genetics ; Rhizosphere ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology ; Species Specificity

Objective To study the differential expression of serum proteins in concanavalin A(ConA) induced liver injury mouse model and analyze the relationship between disease progression and special proteins. Methods Twenty-five male mice were randomly divided into five groups, i.e. blank control group, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control group, liver injury groups developed 1, 3 and 6 h after ConA injection. The sera from all five groups were removed off the albumin by ProteoExtract~(TM)albumin removal kit. Then two dimensional electrophoresis ( 2DE) and mass spectrometry analysis were utilized to identify differences in protein expressions. Results Two specific proteins were detected in the liver injury group developed 6 h after ConA injection, which were identified as serum amyloid A-2 protein precursor and serum amyloid A-l protein precursor by mass spectrometry. Conclusions Serum amyloid A-2 protein precursor and serum amyloid A-l protein precursor are found at 6 h of ConA injection in ConA induced liver injury mouse model, which may be related to disease progression.

Objective To investigate the induction and function of circulating CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells(CD4+CD25+ Treg cells)in patients with chronic hepatitis B,and their role in the progress of chronic HBV infection.Methods Twenty two patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB),11 patients with acute hepatitis B(AHB)and 20 healthy blood donators were enrolled in the study.After stimulating with recombinant HBV antigen or anti-CD3 mAb,the fraction of CD4+ CD25+Treg cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)from different subjects was analyzed using flow cytometry.CD4+CD25+ Treg cells and effector cells(PBMC-Treg)were sorted out and cultured alone or together in vitro,and the cell proliferation and cytokines production were measured. Serum HBV titers,HBV markers and liver function were also evaluated.Results The fraction of circulating CD4+CD25+ Treg cells induced in PBMC from CHB patients under the stimulation of recombinant HBsAg was much higher than that in AHB patients(F=3.47,P＜0.05)and normal controls(F=4.98,P＜0.05).With HBsAg stimulation,cell proliferation and cytokines production (IFN-γand IL-10)of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells either from patients or from normal controls was very low when cultured alone,and there was no significant difference between two groups(P＞0.05).Cell proliferation and IFN-γproduction of effector cells from AHB patients were higher than those from CHB patients,however,when effector cells were cultured with CD4+Cd25+Treg cells at a ratio of 5:1,the cell proliferation and IFN-γ production were significantly inhibited (F=4.66,5.24,P＜0.05).Conclusion Circulating nificantly suppress the production and IFN-γ production of effector T Cells,which may be associated with the progress of chronic HBV infection.