Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; pathology ; Polyps ; pathology

To evaluate the effect of Hexue mingmu tablets on traumatic hyphema caused by blunt ocular trauma.
●METHODS: Totally 150 patients of traumatic hyphema were divided into seven types by using ultrasound biomicroscopy combining with anterior segment abnormalities, each type was randomly classified as trial group and control group. The trial group was administered Hexue mingmu tablets, control group was treated by hemocoagulase.
●RESULTS: The absorbing time of trial group was shorter than that of the control group. And there was statistical significance between the two groups (P<0. 05).
● CONCLUSlON: Hexue mingmu tablets is an effective medicine to treat traumatic hyphema. Ultrasound biomicroscopy can be used as a routine examination method in traumatic hyphema.

The chemical investigation on Ganoderma philippii led to the isolation of sixteen compounds by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. On the basis of spectroscopic data analyses, their structures were elucidated as 2, 5-dihydroxyacetophenone (1), methyl gentisate (2), (S) -dimethyl malate (3), muurola-4, 10 (14) -dien-11beta-ol (4), dihydroepicubenol (5), 5-hydroxymethylfuran carboxaldehyde (6), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (7), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3-one (8), ergosta-7, 22E-diene-2beta, 3alpha, 9alpha-triol (9), 6/beta-methoxyergo-sta-7, 22E-dien-3beta, 5alpha-diol (10), ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22E-tetraen-3-one (11), ergosta4, 6, 8-(14), 22E-etetraen-3beta-ol (12), 5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxy-ergosta-6, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (13), 7alpha-methoxy-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxyergosta-8-(14), 22E-dien-3beta-ol (14), ergosta-8, 22E-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta, 7alpha-tetraol (15), and ergosta-5, 23-dien-3beta-ol, acetate (16). All the compounds were obtained from this fungus for the first time, and compounds 4 and 5 were isolated from the Ganoderma genus for the first time.
Ganoderma ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; isolation & purification

Cathartics ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Rheum ; chemistry

A sensitive, rapid and accurate liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method with pre-column derivatization was developed for the simultaneous determination of erdosteine and its thiol-containing active metabolite in human plasma. Paracetamol and captopril were chosen as the internal standard of erdosteine and its active metabolite, respectively. Aliquots of 100 microL plasma sample were derivatized by 2-bromine-3'-methoxy acetophenone, then separated on an Agilent XDB-C18 (50 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 1.8 microm) column using 0.1% formic acid methanol--0.1% formic acid 5 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate as mobile phase, in a gradient mode. Detection of erdosteine and its active metabolite were achieved by ESI MS/MS in the positive ion mode. The linear calibration curves for erdosteine and its active metabolite were obtained in the concentration ranges of 5-3 000 ng x mL(-1) and 5-10 000 ng x mL(-1), respectively. The lower limit of quantification of erdosteine and its active metabolite were both 5.00 ng x mL(-1). The pharmacokinetic results of erdosteine and its thiol-containing active metabolite showed that the area under curve (AUC) of the thiol-containing active metabolite was 6.2 times of that of erdosteine after a single oral dose of 600 mg erdosteine tables in 32 healthy volunteers, The mean residence time (MRT) of the thiol-containing active metabolite was (7.51 +/- 0.788) h, which provided a pharmacokinetic basis for the rational dosage regimen.
Administration, Oral ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Thioglycolates ; administration & dosage ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Thiophenes ; administration & dosage ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics

ObjectiveTo compare the effect of three serological methods for detection of Yersina pestis F1 antibody.MethodsF1 antibody of Yersinapestis was detected with the methods of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(EL1SA),indirect hemagglutination assay(IHA) and gold-immunochromatography assay (GICA),respectively.ResultsThe highest antibody titer was 1 ∶ 5120 by ELISA and 1 ∶ 640 by IHA.Meanwhile,the highest antibody titer of GICA was 1∶ 1280.ConclusionsEL1SA is the most sensitive method in detection of Yersina pestis F1 antibody.The sensitivity of GICA is low and that of IHA is the lowest of three serological methods.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of galectin-3 (Gal-3) in prolactinomas.

METHODSExpressions of Gal-3 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using polyclonal antibody in 16 invasive prolactinomas and 16 prolactinomas.

RESULTSGal-3 was expressed both in invasive prolactinomas and noninvasive prolactinomas while significantly higher expression seen in the invasive prolactinomas (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGal-3 expression may be used as a useful indicator to determine the invasiveness and prognosis of prolactinomas.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Galectin 3 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Prolactinoma ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To investigate the morphological changes of different types of axonal injury in acute stage in rat brain with diffuse axonal injury(DAD caused by combined head injuries,and explore their relevant injury mechanisms. Methods SD rats were randomized into experimental (n=16)and normal control(=8)groups.According to the different injury times(6,24 h),the experimental group was equally divided into two subgroups(n=8).A new experimental facility was employed to induce DAI in rats.HE staining was conducted in different time points in the acute stage.Immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect the expressions of antibodies to β-Amyloid precursor protein(β-APP)and antibodies to neurofilament-68(NF-68)and electron microscope was also introduced to investigate the changes of axonemal ultrastructure.Results All injured rats experienced behavioral suppression:the coma in the experimental group was significantly prolonged as compared to that in the normal control group(P<0.05).Immunofluorescence assay for antibodies to β-APP and NF-68 revealed two distinct types of axonal injuly: β-APP confined to focal spheroidal axonal swellings and axonal retraction bulbs;while NF-68 Was only found within thin and elongate axonal segments. Electron microscope also demonstrated two different types of ultrastructure of axonal injury. Conclusion Impaired axonal transport and neurofilament compaction can occur independently in the process of axonal injury with different morphological changes.Multiple immunocytochemical approaches can help to fully assess the overall axonai response to traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVETo offer both the accurate three-dimensional anatomical information and algorithmic morphology of perforators in the lower leg for perforator flaps design.

METHODSThe cadaver was injected with a modified lead oxide-gelatin mixture. Radiography was first performed and the images were analyzed using the software Photoshop and Scion Image. Then spiral CT scan was also performed and 3-dimensional images were reconstructed with MIMICS 10.01 software.

RESULTSThere are (27 +/- 4) perforators whose outer diameter > or = 0.5 mm ( average, 0.8 +/- 0.2 mm). The average pedicle length within the superficial fascia is (37.3 +/- 18.6) mm. The average supplied area of each perforator is (49.5 +/- 25.5) cm2. The three-dimensional model displayed accurate morphology structure and three-dimensional distribution of the perforator-to- perforator and perforator-to-source artery.

CONCLUSIONSThe 3D reconstruction model can clearly show the geometric, local details and three-dimensional distribution. It is a considerable method for the study of morphological characteristics of the individual perforators in human calf and preoperative planning of the perforator flap.

Arteries ; Cadaver ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Leg ; blood supply ; Perforator Flap ; blood supply ; Surgical Flaps

The dosage-efficacy/toxicity relationship of the 50% alcohol extracts of Polygonum multiflorum was comparatively investigated on either normal or CCl4-induced chronic liver injury rats, by determining the general condition, serum biochemical indices and liver histopathology, coupled with the factor analysis. The dosages were 10 and 20 g raw materials per kg body weight. Compared with the normal control group, the normal high dose group showed significant increases of the serum alanine transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBIL), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), as well the frequent incidences of inflammatory cell infiltration, hepatic sinus enlargement and fiber stripes formation in histopathological sections. Compared with the model control group, the model low dose group showed significant declines of serum ALT, aspartate transaminase (AST) and total bile acid (TBA) (P < 0.05), as well the alleviation of vacuoles of hepatocytes, but no amelioration of the inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue hyperplasia; moreover, the model high dose group showed significant degeneration declines of serum HMGB-1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-1β (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), as well the evident alleviation of vacuoles degeneration of hepatocytes, inflammatory cells infiltration and fibrosis degree. The factor analysis showed that the low dosage treatment had almost neither injuring effect on the normal rats nor protective effect on the model rats; while the high dosage treatment showed observable injuring effect on the normal rats, expressed by the significant increases of the factor-1 (HMGB-1, TNF-α and IL-1β as the main contributors) and factor-2 (TBIL, ALT and TBA as the main contributors) relative to the normal control group. The liver protective effect of the high dosage treatment could be observed with the significant reduction of the factor-1, indicating the effective alleviation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, it could illustrated the phenomenon of symptom-based prescription theory of Polygonum multiflorum on rat livers: the high dosage of the herb had either an injuring effect on normal rats, or a therapeutic effect on the rats with chronic liver injury.
Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Bile Acids and Salts ; metabolism ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fallopia multiflora ; chemistry ; HMGB1 Protein ; metabolism ; Hepatocytes ; drug effects ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism