ABSTRACT Clinical application of standards for reporting interventions in clinical trials of acupuncture (STRICTA) is introduced in this article, and improving opinions are proposed as well. STRICTA has already been extensively applied in designation of acupuncture clinical trials, composition of articles and quality assessment of acupuncture literature. According to the present version of STRICTA, it is suggested that items such as "standards and methods on acupoint selection and location", "angle and direction of needle insertion" and "whether the subjects ever have been acupunctured" should be further perfected. Individuated treat protocols which is highlighted on treatment according to differentiation of syndromes according to different opportunities and stages of diseases should be promoted so as to give better expression to the characteristics of Chinese medicine and enhance the clinical value of the relative literature.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; standards ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; methods ; standards ; Humans ; Quality Improvement

The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic polymorphism of Y-chromosome specific short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci in Zhuang ethnic group of China. Nine Y-STR loci were amplified by single multiplex and the PCR products were detected by using ABI Prism(TM) 3100 DNA Sequencer. The allele frequencies and haplotype frequencies at 9 Y-STR loci were determined in a total of 85 unrelated male individuals from Zhuang ethnic group of China. The results indicated that in the 85 unrelated male individuals, except for the DYS426 locus with a low GD value, the GD values for other 8 Y-STR loci ranged from 0.4387 to 0.8129. A total of 70 haplotypes at 9 Y-STR loci were found, the haplotype diversity was 0.9926. It is concluded that the haplotype polymorphism of 9 Y-STR loci are highly polymorphic in Zhuang ethnic group and also significantly different from our previous reported data of unrelated male individnals in southern Chinese Han population.
Alleles ; China ; ethnology ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; Genetic Loci ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

This study was aimed to develop and establish an efficient method for high through-put automatically extracting genomic DNA from EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood samples, and to utilize this method in routine rSSO HLA genotyping by luminex flow array assay, the genomic DNA was extracted automatically from 400 microl blood samples by using TECAN DNA workstation and 96-well plate with 2 ml volume per well. The yield and purity of each DNA sample was tested by UV-spectrophotometer, the integrity of these DNA samples were run electrophoresis on the agarose gel. Each DNA sample was subjected to PCR amplification and hybridization using One lambda rSSO HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 commercial kit, the fluorescent intensity for positive bead and negative bead hybridized with HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 PCR products were calculated and analyzed. The results showed that the mean yield and purity (A260/A280) of genomic DNA extracted from 400 microl whole blood samples were 3.217+/-0.715 microg and 1.710+/-0.103 respectively. The molecular weight was more than 15 kb in size and the fluorescent intensity for positive bead hybridized with HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 PCR products of each sample was >600 RFU, however, the fluorescent intensity for negative bead for each sample was <50 RFU. It is concluded that the highly qualified genomic DNA can be extracted automatically from blood samples of marrow-donors by using TECAN DNA workstation, and the extracted DNA samples are suitable for high through-put HLA genotyping by luminex flow array assay and other downstream transplant immunological and molecular biological experiments.
Biological Specimen Banks ; Bone Marrow ; DNA ; isolation & purification ; DNA Primers ; Genotype ; HLA Antigens ; genetics ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; methods ; Humans ; Living Donors ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; methods ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods

Thirst study was purposed to explore the genetic polymorphism of Chinese Zhuang population at HLA-Cw locus by sequence based typing (SBT). A total of 150 unrelated blood samples from Chinese Zhuang population were subjected to sequencing at exon 2, 3 and 4 of HLA-Cw gene in both directions by using SBT technique established by our laboratory. The purified products of sequencing reaction were run by means of electrophoresis on the ABI 3730 DNA Sequencer and the assignment of HLA-Cw genotype was accomplished by using the Assign 3.5 software. The consensus sequence at exon 2, 3 and 4 of HLA-Cw gene for each sample was imported into the Assign 3.5 software. The results showed that 33.33% of tested samples could obtain an unique genotype, genotype in 63.33% of tested samples with ambiguous results could be assigned by ruling out the rare alleles according to the NMDP Rare Allele List File; however, the final genotype in rest 3.33% of the detected samples could be defined when subjected to further confirmatory testing by PCR-SSP. In this detection 16 HLA-Cw alleles were identified, the common alleles with a frequency of > 10% were Cw*0304 > Cw*0102 > Cw*0801 > Cw*0702. The value for gene diversity (GD) was 0.9297, The frequency for Cw*01, 03, 07, 08, 12, 14 (Cw 1 allele group) and Cw*02, 04, 05, 06, 15, 16, 17, 18 (Cw 2 allele group) was 0.8967 and 0.1032, respectively, which indicated that the Cw 1 allele group is the dominant ligand for KIR in Chinese Zhuang population. 51 genotypes were determined and the distribution of genotype frequency was in line with Hardy-Weinberg principle. It is concluded that the obtained HLA-Cw allele frequency and its distribution characteristics of Chinese Zhuang population can provide valuable data in the studies of anthropology and the association of HLA-Cw with disease.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Exons ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; HLA-C Antigens ; genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

BACKGROUNDThe mortality and disability associated with progressing ischemic stroke are much higher than general ischemic stroke. This study was conducted to determine the risk factors for progressing ischemic stroke in the Han population of northeast China.

METHODSA total of 2511 patients with ischemic stroke within 24 hours admitted to Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were studied, from November 2007 to May 2009. All of the patients were classified into the progressing or non-progressing group according to the scores of the Scandinavian Neurological Stroke Scale. Fifteen putative risk factors were evaluated. The influence of risk factors for progressing ischemic stroke was analyzed with the simple Logistic analysis, the multiple Logistic analysis, and the stepwise Logistic regression model. All the statistical analysis was performed by SAS 9.1.

RESULTSTotally 359 (14.3%) patients met the criteria for progressing ischemic stroke. The Logistic analysis showed that age, family stroke history, smoking history, hypertension on admission, a drop in blood pressure after admission to the hospital, high serum glucose on admission, and fever were related to progressing ischemic stroke in the Han population of northeast China.

CONCLUSIONPeople of the ischemic stroke with these factors are more likely to develop progressing ischemic stroke.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of ultrafiltration-membrane extracts of Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata (UMERRP) on theproliferation and genetic stability of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced by cadmium chloride (CdCl2).

METHODSProtective effects on the proliferation, micronuclear rates, chromosome aberration rates, and apoptosis rates were observed by micronuclei test, karyotype analysis, and flow cytometry.

RESULTSCompared with the CdCl2 group, UMERRP with different molecular weights at 0. 8 g/L could obviously promote the proliferation (P <0. 05). Compared with the control group, micronuclear rates, chromosome aberration rates, and apoptosis rates were obviously enhanced in the CdCl2 group (P <0. 05). Compared with the CdCl2 group, UMERRP with different molecular weights could obviously decreased CdCl2 induced micronuclear rates, chromosome aberration rates, and apoptosis rates (P <0. 05). Of them, BMSC micronuclear rates and chromosome aberration rates decreased most obvious in UMERRP groups with molecular weight below 10 000 (P <0. 05). The apoptosis rate decreased most obviously in UMERRP groups with molecular weight ranging 100 000 and 200 000 (P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONUMERRP could reduce CdCl2 induced micronuclear rates, chromosome aberration rates, and apoptosis rates.

Apoptosis ; Bone Marrow ; Cadmium Chloride ; toxicity ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Ultrafiltration

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and toxicity of methotrexate (MTX) give intravenously in the primary treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT).

METHODSA total of 37 patients with low-risk GTT was primarily treated by single MTX in Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. Data on the patients' age, clinical stage, WHO classification criteria, antecedent pregnancy, presenting level of human chorionic gonadotropin, courses of chemotherapy required to achieve complete remission, and toxicity related to chemotherapy treatments were collected.

RESULTSThirty-seven patients with low-risk GTT totally received 137 cycles of MTX between Oct. 1999 and Sep. 2002, 34 patients (91.9%) achieved complete remission. Twenty-nine patients received multiple courses of MTX, complete remission was induced in 26 patients (89.7%). The complete response rates of I stage and III stage were 100.0% and 70.0% (P = 0.03) respectively in patients who were received multiple courses of MTX. However, eight patients received single course of chemotherapy, 7 patients achieved complete remission, and 1 achieved complete remission after another additional course of MTX was conducted. Grade III side effects (WHO criteria) only appeared in 7 courses (5.1%) during MTX treatment. Follow-up data showed that only one patient with single course of chemotherapy relapsed after 6 months.

CONCLUSIONSingle MTX chemotherapy may be effective and well tolerated for low-risk GTT.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; Choriocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Gestational Trophoblastic Disease ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Methotrexate ; administration & dosage ; Pregnancy ; Uterine Neoplasms ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate therapeutic effects of external fixator combined with artificial skin for the treatment of lower limb open fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2009 to February 2011,56 patients with lower limb open fractures were treated with external fixator and artificial skin following debridement. There were 42 males and 14 females, with a mean age of 43.6 years (ranged, 18 to 68 years). Wound surface or cavities were filled with artificial skin with embedded drainage tubes connected to vacuum bottle. The wounds were closed with secondary suturing, or free flap, or flap transfer at 5-7 days after primary operation. The therapeutic effects were evaluated by observing the wound healing, wound bacterial culture, healing time, recovery of limb function.

RESULTSThe wounds of 56 patients all healed. Fifty-three patients had bone primary union, and 3 patients had delayed union. The average union time was 5.8 months. There was pin-tract infection in 3 cases and superficial infection in 1 case. According to Ovadia evaluation criteria,45 patients got an excellent results, 9 good and 2 fair.

CONCLUSIONArtificial skin combined with external fixator is a simple and effective treatment method for Gustilo III type severe open fractures of legs, which is effective to provide rapid fixation, seal wounds, and shorten secondary healing time of wounds.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; External Fixators ; Female ; Fibula ; injuries ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Skin, Artificial ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of the dental decay of children with the contents of chemokine CCL28 and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in saliva. METHODS: A total of 108 children in 2 kindergartens of Changsha, with age from 3 to 5 years old, were enrolled for this study. The saliva was collected from these children when they were in the examination of mouth. Th e children were divided into 3 groups: A non-caries group [dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT)=0], a low caries group (DMFT=1-4) and a high caries group (DMFT ≥ 5). Th e contents of CCL28 and sIgA were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: The contents of CCL28 and sIgA in saliva were (121.22 ± 32.63) pg/mL and (16.49 ± 8.02) μg/mL, respectively. A positive linear correlation was found between the CCL28 content and sIgA content in saliva (r=0.734). Th e CCL28 and sIgA contents in saliva were positively correlated with the degree of dental caries in children (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The dental decay of children leads to the secretion of chemokine CCL28, which promotes the secretion of sIgA in saliva.
Chemokines, CC ; analysis ; Child, Preschool ; Dental Caries ; pathology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory ; analysis ; Saliva ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the genetic polymorphisms of 9 Y-chromosome specific STR loci that the allele size is less than 180 bp in length in the southern Chinese Han population, and to utilize the studied result to forensic science.

METHODSNine Y-STR loci were amplified by single multiplex PCR, and the PCR products were sequenced by using ABI Prism 3100 DNA Sequencer. The allele and haplotype frequencies at 9 Y-STR loci were determined in a total of 213 unrelated males from southern Chinese Han population. Eighty-four father/son pairs with demonstrated paternity and thirty-six non-paternity father/son pairs were detected by using our Y-STR multiplex system.

RESULTSThree Y-STR alleles for DYS426, five alleles for DYS393, DYS460, DYS391 and DYS389 I respectively, six alleles for DYS456, seven alleles for both H4 and DYS388, and eight alleles for DYS458 loci were detected in 213 unrelated male individuals. Except for the DYS426 locus with a low GD value of 0.1489, the GD values for other 8 Y-STR loci ranged from 0.5064 to 0.9133. A total of 178 haplotypes were found at 9 Y-STR loci, of which 154 haplotypes were observed only once, and the haplotype diversity was 0.9983. None of Y-STR allele mutation was observed in the 84 father/son pairs with demonstrated paternity. Among the 36 non-paternity father/son pairs, two cases could get the paternity exclusions at 2 Y-STR loci; and the paternity of 33 cases could be ruled out by 3 or more Y-STR loci; only one case was found no exclusion of paternity regardless of detecting 9 Y-STR loci.

CONCLUSIONThis result indicates that the 9 Y-STR loci with short fragment size alleles are highly polymorphic. The fluorescent multiplex amplification system that we developed is suitable for personal identification and paternity testing.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; Forensic Sciences ; Gene Frequency ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Paternity ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic