The quality control of Chinese patent medicines containing animal-derived crude drugs is relatively difficult, because the effective constituents of most animal-derived crude drugs remain unknown. Even if there are relevant methods, they are usually qualitative, and quantitative indicators are either lacking or have poor specificity. This paper has proposed to use molecular quantitative technology to control the quality of Chinese patent medicines containing animal-derived crude drugs. In this study, a molecular quantitative method based on fluorescence quantitative PCR was established for the determination of Jinqian Baihua She in Jinlong Capsule. The method has good specificity, sensitivity, and repeatability. There is a good linear relationship between the content of DNA fragments and the CT (cycle threshold) value. The content of the Bungarus multicinctus-specific fragment in Jinlong Capsule is 24.1-46.6 IU·mg^-1. It is suggested that the content of the specific fragment of Jinqian Baihua She should not be less than 19.3 IU·mg^-1 as one of the quality control criteria of Jinlong Capsule. The study can provide a reference for the quality control of Chinese patent medicines containing animal-derived crude drugs.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatiography (ERCP),ultrasonography (US) and CT scanning on cholagio-pancreatic diseases caused by clonorchis sinensis infection.Methods The results of US,CF and ERCP examination in 65 cases of obstructive jaundice caused by clonorchiasis and confirmed by presence of imagoes or eggs in feces or bile juice were analyzed and compared retrospectively.Results US examination was the simplest and most convenient which was characterized by diffuse even dilatation,thickening of walls,strengthened echo with the shape of“equal sign”intrahepatic bile ducts.The characteristic findings of CT included saccular dilatation of bile ducts of the periphery of the liver,thickening of the walls of bile ducts.Under duodenoscopy,32.3% (21/65) of cases presented as abnormal papilla such as small opening,mucosa outward turned,trapping or stiffness.Alterations in ERCP were characterized by shm or oval filling defect,diffuse saccular dilatation of terminal intrahepatic bile ducts.The most common complications included cholangiolithiasis (40%,26/65),carcinoma of bile duct on papilla (9.8%,6/65),and pancreatitis (1.5%,1/ 65).Conclusions Three methods were all useful for diagnosis of cholangio-pancreatic diseases caused by clonorchis sinensis infection,which were identically characterized by diffuse saccular dilatation of terminal intrahepatic bile ducts.The gold standard of diagnosis was the presence of imagoes or eggs in bile juice aspirated by the route of ERCP.Endoscopic sphincterectomy with postoperative vermifugal was the first choice of the treatment.

OBJECTIVETo explore early clinical effect of acetabular cup in total hip replacement for the treatment of Crowe II developmental dysplasia of hip.

METHODSEighteen patients (18 hips) with Crowe type II developmental dysplasia of hip were treated with total hip replacement from September 2001 to July 2013. Among them,including 13 males and 5 females aged from 42 to 60 years old with an average of 47.6 years old; the courses of diseases ranged from 9 to 22 years with an average of 13.5 years. All the patients had hip joint pain, limb shortening and limited hip function before operation. Harris score of hip joint were used to evaluate recovery of function at 1 day and 12 months after operation. Prosthetic coverage of acetabular cup at 1 week after operation was observed by using radiography.

RESULTSEighteen patients (18 hips) were followed up from 12 to 24 months with an average 17 months. All incisions were healed at stage I. No deep vein thrombosis, hip dislocation, periprosthetic joint infection and prosthesis loosening were occurred. No revision surgery during follow-up period. Prosthetic coverage of acetabular cup was more than 80% at 1 week after operation. Harris score were increased from 42.67 ± 5.06 before operation to 94.79 ± 3.27 at 12 months after operation (t = -45.269, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONFor type Crowe II developmental dysplasia of hip patients, 15° face-changing acetabular cups in THR could obtain higher actebular component coverage rate and satisfactory early clinical effects.

Acetabulum ; surgery ; Adult ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; instrumentation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Dislocation, Congenital ; surgery ; Hip Joint ; surgery ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective Prospective comparison was done on concurrent chemo-radiotherapy and se- quential chemo-radiotherapy for unresectable stageⅢnon-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and to evaluate three different regimens of concurrent chemo-radiotherapy.Methods Ninety-six such patients were ran- domized into four groups:1.sequential chemo-radiotherapy group received two cycles of induction chemother- apy with 40 mg/m~2 of cisplatin on D 1-3,29-31 and 100 mg/m~2 of etoposide on D 1-3,29-31 before conven- tional radiotherapy,2.concurrent chemo-radiotherapy group 1 received 100 mg/m~2 etoposide on D 1-3 and DDP 40 mg/m~2 on D 1-3,D 29-31,iv.drip,3.concurrent chemo-radiotherapy group 2 received concurrent chemotherapy with 40 mg/m~2 of paclitaxel every Monday during conventional radiotherapy,4.concurrent chemo-radiotherapy group 3 received concurrent chemotherapy with 40 mg/m~2 of paclitaxel every Monday during three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.All patients were irradiated with 2.0 Gy/fraction,5 frac- tions/week,to a total dose of 60-64 Gy.They all received two cycles of consolidation themotherapy with 40 mg/m~2 of cisplatin on D 1-3 and 100 mg/m~2 of etoposide on D 1-3.Results The overa/1 response rate was 67%,71%,71% and 79% for sequential ehemo-radiotherapy group,concurrent chemo-radiotherapy group 1,2 and 3,respectively.There was a significant difference between the concurrent chemo-radiotherapy and sequential chemo-radiotherapy(P＜0.05).The 1-,3-and 5-year overall survival rate(OS) was 54%,8% and 4%;71%,17% and 8%;79%,17% and 8%;83%,46% and 13%,respectively for the four groups. The difference among all these groups(P=0.017) was significant.It was also significant between the con- current chemo-radiotherapy group 1 and 3 (P=0.046).The difference of distant metastasis rate among all the groups was statistically insignificant (P＞0.05) also was the difference of toxicity (P＞0.05),but the severe toxicity of concurrent chemo-radiotherapy groups 1 and 2 were higher than the sequential chemo-radio- therapy group and concurrent chemo-radiotherapy group 3.Conclusions Better locoregional progression- free survival and overall survival of unresectable stageⅢnon-small cell lung cancer could be achieved by concurrent chemo-radiotherapy as compared with sequential chemo-radiotherapy though at the expense of in- crease in toxicity.With the combination of concurrent chemo-radiotherapy and conforrnal radiotherapy,the o- verall survival rate could be much improved with miider toxicity.

Heat shock protein 27 ( HSP27 ) is an endogenous protein that plays an important role in a great variety of physio-logical and pathological processes. It can express a large number under body stress conditions. Recent studies have shown estro-gen upregulates the expression of HSP27 through a number of ways, playing a perfect “triple protection” role. In the early stage of atherosclerosis, estrogen induces the phosphorylation of HSP27 via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Phosphorylation of HSP27 can resist the injury of vascular endothelial cells( VECs) through an antioxidant and anti-apoptotic pathway as well as the inhibition of cytochrome C. In the stage of forming foam cells, estrogen induces the expression and release of HSP27 from mac-rophages by stimulating the estrogen receptor β ( ERβ) , then HSP27 inhibits the LDL uptake and the release of proinflammato-ry cytokine by binding scavenger receptor A ( SR-A) . During the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMCs) , estrogen induces estrogen receptor α ( ERα) and protein phosphatase 2 ( PP2A) to form a complex that enhances the activity of PP2A, then it can lead to the dephosphorylation of HSP27 and finally inhibit cells proliferation and migration. In summary, the anti-atherosclerotic effect of estrogen is closely re-lated to the role of HSP27. Given the side effects of estrogen re-placement therapy( MHT) , regulating HSP27 may provide a no-vel therapy for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular dis-eases in menopausal women clinically.

In order to authenticate the components of antler powder in the market, DNA barcoding technology coupled with cloning method were used. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences were obtained according to the DNA barcoding standard operation procedure (SOP). For antler powder with possible mixed components, the cloning method was used to get each COI sequence. 65 COI sequences were successfully obtained from commercial antler powders via sequencing PCR products. The results indicates that only 38% of these samples were derived from Cervus nippon Temminck or Cervus elaphus Linnaeus which is recorded in the 2010 edition of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia", while 62% of them were derived from other species. Rangifer tarandus Linnaeus was the most frequent species among the adulterants. Further analysis showed that some samples collected from different regions, companies and prices, contained adulterants. Analysis of 36 COI sequences obtained by the cloning method showed that C. elaphus and C. nippon were main components. In addition, some samples were marked clearly as antler powder on the label, however, C. elaphus or R. tarandus were their main components. In summary, DNA barcoding can accurately and efficiently distinguish the exact content in the commercial antler powder, which provides a new technique to ensure clinical safety and improve quality control of Chinese traditional medicine
Animals ; Antlers ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; Deer ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Powders ; Quality Control

In order to authenticate the components of antler powder in the market, DNA barcoding technology coupled with cloning method were used. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences were obtained according to the DNA barcoding standard operation procedure (SOP). For antler powder with possible mixed components, the cloning method was used to get each COI sequence. 65 COI sequences were successfully obtained from commercial antler powders via sequencing PCR products. The results indicates that only 38% of these samples were derived from Cervus nippon Temminck or Cervus elaphus Linnaeus which is recorded in the 2010 edition of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia", while 62% of them were derived from other species. Rangifer tarandus Linnaeus was the most frequent species among the adulterants. Further analysis showed that some samples collected from different regions, companies and prices, contained adulterants. Analysis of 36 COI sequences obtained by the cloning method showed that C. elaphus and C. nippon were main components. In addition, some samples were marked clearly as antler powder on the label, however, C. elaphus or R. tarandus were their main components. In summary, DNA barcoding can accurately and efficiently distinguish the exact content in the commercial antler powder, which provides a new technique to ensure clinical safety and improve quality control of Chinese traditional medicine

The medicinal fungi, which are of great importance in traditional medicine, are facing the problems of wild resources scarcity and low concentration of bioactive compounds. Velvet family and LaeA global regulator play a vital role in secondary metabolism and developmental programs, which are found in a wide variety of fungi ranging from Chytridiomycota to Basidiomycota. This review elaborates the structures and functions between Velvet family and LaeA protein. The Velvet family which shares the Velvet protein domain, including VeA (Velvet), VelB (Velvet like B), VosA (viability of spores A) and VelC (Velvet like C), acts on the regulation function is secondary metabolism and developmental programs such as asexual and sexual development. Furthermore, the function is affected by environmental factors such as light and temperature. LaeA protein which owns S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase domain, coordinately regulates development and secondary metabolism by regulating and modifying the Velvet proteins. The regulation of LaeA is mediated by light receptor proteins. Therefore, clarifying the mechanism of Velvet and LaeA proteins in medicinal fungi will pave the way for nurturing medicinal fungi and improving production of bioactive compounds.
Fungal Proteins ; metabolism ; Fungi ; chemistry ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; Genes, Regulator ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Secondary Metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship

AIMTo study the chemical composition of Tripterygirm wilfordii Hook. f.

METHODSColunm chromatography was used to separate the chemical constituents. UV, IR, MS, HRMS, 1HNMR, 13CNMR (COM and OFR), 1H-1H COSY, 1H-13C COSY, NOESY and COLOC spectra were used to determine the structures of the isolated constituents.

RESULTSTwo sesquiterpene alkaloids were isolated and their structures were elucidated as wilforgine and wilfordlongine on the basis of spectral evidence.

CONCLUSIONWilfordclonine is a new sesquiterpene alkaloid.

Lactones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Pyridines ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo analyze the influence of intravesical Pirarubicin (THP) instillation on the prediction results of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) risk tables and to discuss the efficacy of EORTC risk tables in clinical application.

METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 389 patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer after TURBT treated with intravesical pirarubicin instillation. According to the EORTC Scoring System, all the cases were divided into low risk group, intermediate risk group and high risk group. The 1-year and 5-year recurrence and progression rates of each group were calculated and compared with the prediction results of the EORTC risk tables.

RESULTSThe 1-year recurrence and progression rates of the low risk group were 8.0% and 0, those of the intermediate risk group were 31.0% and 2.8%, and those of the high risk group were 52.5% and 18.6%, respectively. The 5-year recurrence and progression rates of low risk group were 16.0% and 5.3%, those of the intermediate risk group were 42.6% and 10.7%, and those of the high risk group were 63.9% and 41.9%, respectively. The prediction results of progression rate were similar to that of the EORTC risk tables while the overall recurrence rate was lower.

CONCLUSIONSThe EORTC risk tables can be effectively used to predict the recurrence rate and progression rate of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. However, the EORTC risk tables have a tendency to overestimate the recurrence rate. Intravesical pirarubicin instillation is helpful to reduce the recurrence rate, yet has no obvious influence on the tumor progression.

Administration, Intravesical ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Disease Progression ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology