Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of colorectal cancer and its trend in Guangdong province.Methods The data from 6501 patients with pathologically confirmed colorectal cancer of 5 hospitals from 1990 to 2004 was analyzed.Results The mean age of 6501 patients with colo- rectal cancer was 59 years old,with the predominant age ranged from 61 to 70 years old.The proportion of young patients decreased from 7.1% to 3.5%.and the ratio between male and female was 1.47:1, which was gradually increased with increasing of age.The prevelence reached a high peak(60 years old) and dropped after that as a single peak curve.The ratio between rectal cancer and colon cancer was 1.1: 1,and the descending colon cancer accounted for 27.6%.With ageing,the rectal cancers decreased while the right hemi colon cancer increased gradually.Tubular adenocarinoma was predominant with his- tological typing,which accounted for 76.0%.The progressing stage(Dukes B,C,and D)was found in 93.9% of all cases.Conclusions The onset age of patients with colorectal cancer become close to west- ern country.The proportion of young patients are decreasing.The ratio between male and female dis- plays a single peak curve from rising to dropping.A tendency of decreasing percentage in rectal cancer and the gradual increasing in right hemi colon cancer emphasize the importance of colonoscopy in colorec- tal caner screening.

OBJECTIVETo explore the efficacy and effect mechanism of the combined therapy of acupuncture and tapping method in the treatment of obesity and hyperlipidemia of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency pattern in the patients.

METHODSOne hundred and four female patients were randomized into a combined therapy of acupuncture and tapping (combined therapy group) group method and an acupuncture group, 52 cases in each group. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture was applied to Qimen (LR 14), Taichong (LR 3), Zhangmen (LR 13), Taibai (SP 3), Zusanli (ST 36), Geshu (BL 17), Ganshu (BL 18), Pishu (BL 20), etc. In the combined therapy group, on the basis of acupuncture treatment, the tapping method with plum blossom needle was used at each acupoint. The treatment was given once every two days, continuously for 3 months in the two groups. The indices were observed, including the obesity indices, such as body mass, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (F%) and obesity degree (A); the blood lipid levels such as total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL); the fat-islet axie relevant indices such as fasting plasma glucose (FBS), fasting leptin (FLP), fasting insulin (FINS), insulin sensitive index (ISI), insulin resistance in- dex (Homa IR), insulin secretion index (Homa-β) and autonomic nerve function index (Y value) before and after treatment in the patients of two groups. The efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe total effective rates were 96.2% (50/52) and 84.6% (44/52) in the combined therapy group and the acupuncture group respectively, without significant difference in comparison (P > 0.05). Obesity indices, blood lipid indices, fat-islet axie relevant indices and autonomic nerve function indices were all improved after treatment as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and the improvements in the combined therapy group were much more significant (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combined therapy of acupuncture and tapping method achieves the double effects of weight loss and lipid loss in the treatment of obesity combined with hyperlipidemia. The effect mechanism is possibly related to the positive regulations of blood glucose, lipid metabolism and fat-islet axie in the patients.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Leptin ; metabolism ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Qi ; Spleen ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Triglycerides ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Child ; Choristoma ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; pathology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Thymus Gland ; pathology ; Thymus Neoplasms

Objective To establish a normal lumbar spine 3-dimensional(3D) finite element model(FEM) and discuss the biomechanics of the lumbar motions. Methods A geometrical model was constructed on the basis of a healthy adult male's lumbar CT image.The lumbar spine FEM was established by finite element analysis software.After setting the boundary and loading the burden,the lumbar spine's range of motion and stress distribution in different institutions such as anterior flexion,posterior extension,left or right bending and axial rotating were recorded. Results The lumbar spine FEM included 114 953 tetrahedron units.The results of the FEM matched the results of the in vitro experiment of biomechanics. Conclusion The lumbar spine FEM can imitate the motions of the lumbar spine.

X-Ray tube is the core part of CT machines and its service life is closely tied to its quality,installation & adjustments and the status of the equipment itself.Besides,whether the operaters use the equipment correctly or not also influence the life of X-ray tubes.The author summarizes some methods for extending the life of CT tubes according to the experiences of installation,adjustment and using of the CT tubes for many years.

Objective To review and evaluate the effect of one stage surgical correction of congenital heart disease with tracheal stenosis in infants.Methods Between August 2001 and December 2005,six infants with congenital heart disease with tracheal steno- sis were repaired at one stage operation.The age was 24 d～3 y[mean(13.16?12.03)months]and the weight was 4.2～10.0 kg [mean(7.98?2.03)kg].There were 3 patients with tetralogy of Fallot,1 with pulmonary atresia;2 with ventricular septal defect, 1 with coarctation of aorta;and 1 with pulmonary sling.The congenital heart disease were repaired underwent low temperature and car- diopulmonary bypass,and the tracheal stenosis were corrected simultancously.Results There was one death postoperative because of right and left branch stenosis.One patient with pulmonary sling died of granulation tissue on the patch 3 months after operation.All other 4 patients recovered uneventfully.These patients were followed up from 6 month to 4 years.There were no complications.CT scan shows that the tracheal anastomosis was patent without any stenosis.Conclusion One stage repair of congenital heart disease with tracheal stenosis in infants may have a satisfactory result.To deal with the tracheal stenosis is difficult,the operative methods de- pends on the length of stenosis.The principles of surgical methods consist of using autologous material,maintaining its contour and function of respiratory epithelium,and maintaining its growth.

Objective To evaluate the use of double balloon endoscopy(DBE) in diagnosis of ulcerative lesions in small intestine.Methods Data of patients diagnosed as small intestinal ulcer under DBE during September 2003 and December 2007 at Nanfang Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Results Ulcer in small intestine was detected by DBE in a total of 62 patients,including 48 males and 14 females,aging from 10 to 71 years old( mean 43.9 yr).The main clinical manifestations consisted of small intestinal hemorrhage(38/62,61.3%),abdominal pain(16/62,25.8%),abdominal distention(5/62,8.1%),loss of weight(2/62,3.2%),and diarrhea(1/62,1.6%).The ulcers were diagnosed endoscopically as Crohn's disease(CD) in 53 cases(85.5%),drug induced lesions in 4(6.5%),nonspecific chronic inflammation in 2(3.2%),lymphoma in 2(3.2%) and tuberculosis in 1(1.6%).They were all microscopically diagnosed as chronic inflammation.Of the 62 patients,32(51.6%) underwent surgery.In 30 cases of CD diagnosed by DBE,22 were confirmed by post-surgery pathology(malignant cells were found in 3),while in the other 8 cases,4 were diagnosed as lymphoma,3 as Behcet's disease and 1 as tuberculosis.Meanwhile,the 1 case of tuberculosis and 1 lymphoma diagnosed by DBE were confirmed as CD after operation.The overall accurate diagnosis rate of small intestinal ulcerative lesions by DBE was 68.8%(22/32).Conclusion DBE is valuable in diagnosis of ulcerative lesions in small intestine,but surgery should be included into consideration to confirm the diagnosis when necessary.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of single balloon enteroscopy (SBE) in diagno-sing of suspected lesions in small intestine. Methods Data of 23 patients with suspected small intestinal disease, who underwent SBE (Olympus) between February 2009 and August 2009, were retrospectively studied. A total of 34 procedures were performed in 23 patients. The indications for the examination were suspected obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 9), abdominal pain (n = 7), suspected intestinal tumor re-vealed by capsule endoscopy (n = 4), and Crohn disease (n = 3). Results The average preparation time of SBE was less than 5 minutes. The mean procedure time was 61±25 minutes and 67±28 minutes for the oral and anal routes, respectively. Examination of whole length of small intestine was achieved in 6 patients. The diagnostic rate of small-intestinal lesions was 60. 9%, and no severe complications including perforation occurred. Conclusion SBE is safe and easy to prepare and perform, which can be a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool for suspected small bowel disease.

To reveal the effect of rotation cropping and bacterial manure on the growth of Chrysanthemum morifolium and screen the beneficial endophytic, the diversity of endophytic and dominant genera of different treatment groups were analyzed. Four different treatments were continuous cropping, rotation, self-made organic fertilizer and commercially available fertilizer, respectively. Endophytic bacterial diversity and dominant genera in different organs were examined using Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP). The results showed that enzyme Hae III was more appropriate than enzyme Hinfl because the number of TRFs digested by enzyme Hae III was more than that of enzyme Hinfl. In comparison of diversity, the endophytic bacterial communities' diversity index in group of cropping rotation and fertilizer was higher than that of continuous cropping which indicated that the addition of exogenous microorganism in soil could increase the diversity of plant endophyte. 18 dominant species were selected, including 3 kinds of Firmicutes, 4 kinds of Actinomycetes and 11 kinds of Proteobacteria. The results of dominant species comparison showed that the number of dominant species in continuous cropping of Ch. morifolium was significantly less than that of the rotation group. Some dominant bacteria in rotation group and fertilizer group such as Arthrobacter, Streptomyces, Streptomyces, Flavobacterium and Mycobacterium were not found in the continuous cropping of Ch. mortfolium group. Dominant species of fertilizer treatment group was similar with the rotation group, and the continuous cropping group's dominant species was more abundant. It indicates that these bacteria may be able to mitigate hindrance in continuous cropping, especially the Flavobacterium which can decompose the pathogenic fungi is worthy of further attention. Compared with leaves, there are more dominant species in roots and stems. The diversity of edophytic bacterial communities in continuous cropping of Ch. morifolium stays below than that in the rotation of Ch. morifolium, and fertilizer treatment can increase the diversity of continuous cropping so that it could mitigate hindrance in continuous cropping.
Actinobacteria ; physiology ; Agriculture ; Biodiversity ; Chrysanthemum ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific ; Endophytes ; Fertilizers ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; physiology ; Phylogeny ; Plant Leaves ; Plant Roots ; microbiology ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Proteobacteria ; physiology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; chemistry ; genetics ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology

Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of sufentanil combined with dexmedetomidine ( DEX) on hemodynamic and Narcotrend index ( NI) during pediatric anesthesia induction. Methods A total of 45 children with lower abdominal surgery were randomly divided into three groups evenly: sufentanil 0. 1 μg·kg-1+ DEX (S1 group),sufentanil 0. 2 μg·kg-1+DEX (S2 group),and sufentanil 0. 3μg·kg-1+DEX (S3 group). Patients in each group began with intubation at the peak point of administration. Blood pressure,heart rate,perfusion index (PI) and NI were detected at the baseline (t0), delivering DEX 0.5 μg·kg-1·h-1 and sufentanil intravenously for 5 min (t1),delivering sufentanil for 3 min (t2),time of intubation ( t3 ) ,1 min ( t4 ) ,and 5 min ( t5 ) after intubation. The application rate of atropine and propofol was recorded. Patient recovery time and adverse reactions were observed. Results Compared with basicline value at t0 time point, hemodynamic parameters and NI were decreased at t1 and t2 ,while PI was increased in both groups. At t3 ,t4 ,and t5 ,all of the indicators in S1 group were significantly different from those at t0 ,and also significantly different from those in S2 and S3 group. Six patients were treated with propofol in S1 group and four presented with agitation after operation,more than S2 and S3 groups. Three patients were treatment with atropine in S3 group. Conclusion Sufentanil (0. 2 μg·kg-1 ) combined with dexmedetomidine can be used to induce intubation for pediatric anesthesia with stable hemodynamic profile and low incidence of adverse effects.