Objective To explore the methods of extraction, isolation, purification, and biological activities of ray cartilage glycosaminoglycans (RCG). Methods RCG was purified by guanidine hydrochlorid extraction, acetone fractional precipitation, ultrafiltration, and Sephadex column chromatography. The purity and molecular mass of RCG were measured by means of HPLC. The model of mouse with Lewis lung carcinoma was made, the experimental mice were randomly divided into normal saline group, RCG (500, 250, and 125 mg/kg) groups, and CTX (60 mg/kg) group. Tumor growth states of mice were observed, tumor growth curve was described, inhibitory rates of primary tumor and number of lung metastasis focus were measured; microvessel density (MVD) was quantitated by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies of CD31; the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA was determined with RT-PCR. Results Using HPLC, a single glycosaminoglycans with molecular mass 9.7?104 was collected and its purity exceeded ninty-nine percent. Tumor growth curves in RCG groups were smooth compared with saline group. There were significant differences of inhibitory rates of primary tumor, number of lung metastasis focus and MVD between RCG groups and saline group. VEGF mRNA expression levels in RCG groups were reduced significantly compared with saline group. Conclusion RCG could effectively inhibit the growth and metastasis of primary Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6 mouse and angiogenesis.

Face ; surgery ; Humans ; Mouth ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes in the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) during differentiation of pulmonary microvascular endothelial ceils (PMVECs) into smooth muscle cells in rats with hepato-pulmonary syndrome (HPS).MethodsPrimary PMVECs were harvested from healthy adult SD rats of both sexes aged 3-4 months and inoculated in low-glucose DMEM culture medium (1(6/cm2 ) and randomly divided into 2 groups ( n =24 dishes each):control group ( group C) and HPS group.HPS was produced by chronic ligation of common bile duct.In group C serum obtained from normal rats was added to PMVECs,while in HPS group serum obtained from rats with HPS was added.The final concentration of serum was 10％.After being incubated for 24,48 and 72 h,the expression of SM-MHC,SM-α-actin and calponin protein and TGF-β1 mRNA and protein in PMVECs was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis.ResultsThe expression of SMMHC,SM-α-actin and calponin protein.was positive in HPS group whereas the expression of SM-α-actin and calponin protein was negative and the expression of SM-MHC protein was barely detectable in group C.The expression of SM-MHC,TGF-β1 mRNA and protein was significantly higher in HPS group than in group C.The expression of SM-MHC,SM-α-actin and calponin protein and TGF-β1 mRNA and protein was increasing with duration of incubation from T1 to T3 in group HPS.ConclusionTGF-β1 plays an important role in the myogenic differentiation of PMVECs in rats with HPS.

Animals ; Beverages ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism

Cysts ; complications ; Exophthalmos ; complications ; Frontal Sinus ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; complications

Objective: To investigate the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)induced by simvastatin(SIM)in vitro and then further investigate whether the Hedgehog signaling pathway is involved in the SIM-induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSC using the Hedgehog signaling pathway blocking agent cyclopamine(Cpn). Methods: The rat BMSC was extracted by the whole-bone marrow adherent culture method and cul- tured in the induction medium(control medium,CM)and the induction medium containing SIM or SIM+Cpn. The expression of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)in induced cells was detected by the ALP staining. Immunofluorescence stain- ing was performed to detect the espressions of Gli1 and osteocalcin(OCN)in the induced cells. The Gli1,ALP,colla- gen type(COL)and OCN mRNA expression was detected by real-time quantitative PCR(RT-PCR). Western blot (WB)was used for assessing the expression level of Gli1,Runx2,COLand OCN proteins. The cell calcium nodule for- mation and matrix mineralization ability were detected by alizarin red staining. Results: The ALP expression was signifi- cantly higher in SIM group than in CM group(P<0.05),while the ALP expression was lower in SIM+Cpn group than in the SIM group(P<0.05)but higher than in the CM group. Immunofluorescence assay showed that SIM could promote the expression of Gli1 and OCN in the conditions with or without Cpn. On the 10th and 18th day of intervention,the mRNA expression level of Gli1,ALP,OCN and COLwas significantly higher in the SIM group than in the CM group(P<0.05), and the higher mRNA expression in the SIM group could be completely blocked by Cpn. Further,on the 10th and 18th day of intervention,the expressed Gli1,Runx2,COLand OCN protein level was significantly higher in the SIM group in the CM group(P<0.05),while the level of these expressed proteins in the SIM+Cpn group was significantly lower than in the SIM group(P<0.05). The alizarin red staining showed that SIM group had stronger matrix mineralization ability than the other groups(P<0.05). Conclusion: SIM could up-regulate the expression of Gli1 and the osteogenesis markers ALP,Runx2,COLand OCN to induce osteogenic differentiation of BMSC,and Cpn could not completely block the SIM-induced differentiation. Further study is needed to uncover the underlying mechanism.

Objective To compare application in Beijing population using the diagnostic criterias for metabolic syndrome(MS)according to the criterias of the International Diabetes Federation(IDF),Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program(NCEP)Expert Panel on Detection,Evaluation,and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults[ATP Ⅲ(revised)]and Chinese Diabetes Society(CDS), respectively.Methods This study was based on an investigation on the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases involving 4 628 cases.MS was diagnosed according to these three definitions respectively and prevalence derived from these three definitions was compared.Results The prevalence of MS were 40.3 %, 44.3% and 35.7% according to the IDF,ATP Ⅲ(revised)and CDS respectively.The agreement in the diagnosis of MS using IDF and CDS,ATP Ⅲ(revised)and CDS,IDF and ATP Ⅲ(revised)were 81.9%, 83.7% and 96.0% respectively.There were 4.0% subjects among the MS patients diagnosed by ATP Ⅲ (revised)who can not be screened by IDF criteria.The prevalence of obesity was 19.6% according to ATP Ⅲ,much lower than the prevalence using CDS and IDF,whereas this rate increased to 58.6% using ATP Ⅲ(revised)criteria,showing diagnostic agreement with CDS.The coincidence rate between ATP Ⅲ (revised)and CDS was 80.6% Conclusion This investigation shows good agreement in the diagnosis of MS using IDF,CDS and ATP Ⅲ(revised)among Beijing population and these criterias can be used in China.

Objective To investigate the role of annexin A1 (ANXA1) in human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation induced by hypoxia.Methods Primary cultured human PASMCs were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n =60 each):normal oxygen group (group N) and hypoxia 2,8,12 and 24 h groups(groups H1-4).Group N was treated with 21％ O2 for 24 h,and groups H1-4 was treated with 3％ O2 for 2,8,12 and 24 h respectively.ANXA1 mRNA and protein expression was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot.Proliferation of PASMCs were determined by MTT and 3 H-TdR methods.Results ANXA1 mRNA and protein expression was down-regulated,proliferation of PASMCs was enhanced in groups H1-4 as compared with group N (P ＜ 0.05).ANXA1 mRNA and protein expression was down-regulated gradually,proliferation of PASMCs was enhanced gradually in groups H1-4 ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The expression of ANXA1 is down-regulated in human PASMCs during hypoxia treatment,which might be the mechanism of human PASMCs proliferation induced by hypoxia.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and curative effects of pancreatic cystade- nocarcinoma in order to improve its diagnostic and therapeutic accuracy.Methods A retrospective analysis was done on the clinical materials of 13 cases of pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma hospitalized in Shanxi Cancer Hospital from 1990 to 2006.Results The preoperative diagnosis were as follows:pancreatic cystadenocarci- noma 6 cases,pancreatic cystadenoma 2 cases,pancreatic cancer 1 case,pancreatic pseudocyst 4 cases.The misdiagnosis rate was 53.8 %.Surgical operation was done on the 13 cases,and 10 of them were treated by radical operation.A 5-year follow-up was done on 6 still alive cases,and 1 of them lived over 11 years.3 cases were treated by palliative operation,and all of them died within 3 years.Conclusion Since there is no specific clinical manifestations of pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma,it is very difficult to get an accurate preop- erative diagnosis.Radical operation is the most effective therapeutic methods.

Twelve cases of Bartter's syndrome were reported and reviewed retrospectively.Usually vomiting was the first sympton in children,while fatigue was common in adults.Bartter's syndrome was characteristic of hypokalemia,metabolic alkalosis,elevations of plasma renin activity,serum angiotersinⅡand aldosterone and juxtaglomerular apperatus hyperplasia.Supplementation of potassium choloride was the main manner of therapy.