Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates from a hospital in Chongqing during one year according to CHINET project.Methods Disc diffusion test (K-B method) was employed to study the antimicrobial resistance. WHONET5 was used for data analysis.Results In one year period from 2004 to 2005,690 non-duplicate isolates were collect- ed.Enterobacter isolates showed the lowest resistance rate to imipenem and meropenem.About 37.5% of E.coli and 31.4% of K.pneumoniae isolates produced ESBLs,respectively.All ESBLs-producing strains were susceptible to imipenem and mer- openem.About 37.2%,39.4% and 48.9% of P.aeruginosa isolates were resistant to imipenem,meropenem and ceftazidime, respectively.Pandrug-resistant (PDR) P.aeruginosa was isolated from our hospital.All strains of A.baumannii were sus- ceptible to imipenem and meropenem.About 37.7% of A.baumannii were resistant to cefoperazone-sulbactam.Twenty-nine strains showed the same resistant pattern among non-susceptible strains of A.baumannii,mainly derived from 2 clones by PFGE analysis.Conclusions The surveillance results suggest that prevalent strain resistant to cefoperazone-sulbactam may pres- ent in some ICUs.Resistance rate to cefoperazone-sulbactam increased significantly.

The chemical investigation on Ganoderma philippii led to the isolation of sixteen compounds by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. On the basis of spectroscopic data analyses, their structures were elucidated as 2, 5-dihydroxyacetophenone (1), methyl gentisate (2), (S) -dimethyl malate (3), muurola-4, 10 (14) -dien-11beta-ol (4), dihydroepicubenol (5), 5-hydroxymethylfuran carboxaldehyde (6), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (7), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3-one (8), ergosta-7, 22E-diene-2beta, 3alpha, 9alpha-triol (9), 6/beta-methoxyergo-sta-7, 22E-dien-3beta, 5alpha-diol (10), ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22E-tetraen-3-one (11), ergosta4, 6, 8-(14), 22E-etetraen-3beta-ol (12), 5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxy-ergosta-6, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (13), 7alpha-methoxy-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxyergosta-8-(14), 22E-dien-3beta-ol (14), ergosta-8, 22E-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta, 7alpha-tetraol (15), and ergosta-5, 23-dien-3beta-ol, acetate (16). All the compounds were obtained from this fungus for the first time, and compounds 4 and 5 were isolated from the Ganoderma genus for the first time.
Ganoderma ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; isolation & purification

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the detection of SARS‑CoV‑2 in household environment and public place environment of Huangpu District, and describe the feature of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination in the environment exposure to the infected cases, so as to support the control strategies such as disinfection and health communication. Methods　The results of RT-PCR test for the environmental samples exposure to the cases infected by SARS‑CoV‑2 during February 1 to March 31 2022 in Huangpu District of Shanghai were collected as the research data. Pearson χ2 was used to test the significance of the differences between positive rates of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination. Results　From February 1 to March 31, household environment samples had a higher positive rate (6.47%, 234/3 618) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination while the public place samples had a lower one (1.22%, 47/3 582) in Huangpu District of Shanghai (χ2=141.908, P<0.01). Among the household buildings, the lane houses of old style representing poorer living condition had the highest positive rates (8.31%, 96/1 155) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination while the apartments representing better living condition had the lowest (3.59%, 22/612) (F=5.25，P<0.05). Among the samples from household environment, samples regarding sewerage had the highest positive rates (13.30%,58/436) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination, while samples regarding the tool of cooking and sweeping had the lowest (3.10%,17/548) (F=9.84，P<0.01). Among the samples from public place environment, samples regarding entertainment tools had the highest positive rates (13.33%, 2/15) of SARS‑CoV‑2 contamination, while samples regarding the tool of cooking and sweeping had the lowest (0.62%, 4/646) (F=4.22，P<0.01). Conclusion　In the environment exposure to the SARS‑CoV‑2 infected cases, the disinfection, ventilation and cleaning should be intensified strictly. SARS‑CoV‑2's surviving in sewage environment should be evaluation dynamically. More health communication should be pushed to people of poorer living condition.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between human cyclin C (CCNC) gene and childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).

METHODSThe total RNA isolated from myeloid tissues of normal children and of children with newly diagnosed ALL and from ALL cell line 6T-CEM was reversely transcribed into cDNA. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method was used to detect CCNC gene expression.

RESULTSCCNC was expressed in myeloid tissues of normal children and of children with newly diagnosed ALL as well as 6T-CEM. The relative expression level of CCNC gene in children with newly diagnosed ALL was significantly lower than in normal controls (2.35 +/- 0.83 vs 13.5 +/- 0.30; P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCCNC gene shows lower expression in children with newly diagnosed ALL, suggesting that it may be a tumor suppressing gene in childhood ALL.

OBJECTIVETo explore the association of the Thr241Met polymorphism of X-ray cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3) gene with genetic susceptibility to aflatoxin B1(AFB-1)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)in Guangxi population.

METHODSWe conducted a hospital-based case-control study, including 257 HCC cases and 711 controls without cancers or liver diseases. The XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism was analyzed by PCR.

RESULTSThe XRCC3 genotypes XRCC3-Thr/Met or XRCC3-Met/Met were related with an elevated risk of HCC. The risk of HCC was associated with the number of mutant Met copies (adjusted OR were 2.20 and 8.56 for XRCC3-Thr/Met and Met/Met, respectively); moreover, there seemed to be combined effects for HCC risk between the variant genotypes and AFB1-DNA adduct levels from peripheral blood leukocytes (adjusted OR was 2.34 to 20.44, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThese results suggested that XRCC3 polymorphism may be associated with the risk of AFB1- related HCC among the Guangxi population, and interacts with AFB1 exposure in the development of HCC induced by AFB1.

The objective of this study was to investigate the changes of the behaviors, EEG and expression of c-fos, c-jun on induced seizure in rats by injecting penicillin after transmitting epileptic discharge from brain tissue to muscular tissue on skull. Eighteen experimental rats were divided into 3 groups, with each 6 rats. Seizure group: 6 acute seizure models were established by injecting penicillin in hippocampus of rats; Transferring group, 6 acute seizure models were established by injecting penicillin in hippocampus of rats, and electrode connected to muscles was planted into epileptic focus of each rat; Control group, 6 rats were only planted electrode in hippocampus without injecting penicillin. Then we observed the changes of behaviors, EEG and expression of C-fos, C-jun in hippocampus with immunohistochemical method. There was no statistic difference in seizure frequency of rat between seizure group and transferring group, but the discharging frequency in EEG of transferring group lowered significantly (P<0.05). The expression of C-fos, C-jun in hippocampus of transferring group rats was significantly lower than that of seizure group (P<0.005). It could be concluded that under the model of transmitting epileptic discharge from brain tissue to muscular tissue on skull, the burst times on EEG electrode decreased, concomitantly with the lower expression of C-fos, C-jun in hippocampus.
Animals ; Electrodes ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiopathology ; Penicillins ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of measles complicated with pneumonia cases in Shanghai in 2015-2020. Methods:Case information was acquired from the measles surveillance information reporting and management system. Data of complications was recorded according to the medical information of the measles cases. The measles complicated with pneumonia cases were then characterized. Results:From 2015 through 2020， a total of 1 402 measles cases were notified in Shanghai， with an incidence rate of 0.96/100 000. Among them， 104 cases were complicated with pneumonia， with a complication proportion of 7.42%. The annual incidence of measles complicated with pneumonia was determined to be 0.07/100 000. There was no significant difference in the proportion of measles cases complicated with pneumonia across years （P=0.871）. Among the measles cases complicated with pneumonia， 62.5% were children aged 3 years or younger， which differed significantly with those without pneumonia （20.0%） （P<0.001）. Moreover， 64.4% had been to hospital 7-21 days prior to the onset of measles， compared to those without pneumonia （41.8%） （P<0.001）. Highest body temperature and the proportions of coughing， catarrhus， conjunctivitis， Koplik spot and other complications in the measles cases complicated with pneumonia were significantly higher than those in non-complicated cases （P<0.05）. Conclusion:Incidence of measles complicated with pneumonia is positively correlated with the overall incidence of measles. Measles cases complicated with pneumonia are mainly young children， with underlying diseases， and more severe symptoms. Therefore， it is necessary to reduce the overall incidence of measles， and pay attention to the vaccination and routine protection of young children with specific health conditions.