Benzamides ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; blood ; drug therapy ; Piperazines ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Pyrimidines ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use

Child ; Humans ; Proteomics ; methods

Objective To assess the clinical short-term to mid-term efficacy of transcatheter closure of coronary artery fistula by using patent ductus arteriosus occluder in pediatric patients. Methods During the period from Jan. 2008 to May 2013 at authors’ hospital, transcatheter closure of coronary artery fistula using patent ductus arteriosus occluder was performed in 8 pediatric patients. The clinical data, including follow-up information, were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 8 pediatric patients with a mean age of (4.1 ± 3.8) years were enrolled in this study. The fistula originated from the right coronary artery in five cases and from the left coronary artery in three cases. The blood flow shunted to the right atrium (n=4) or to the right ventricle (n = 4). Obstruction of the fistula was successfully accomplished in all patients. All patients were followed up for (2.2 ± 1.2) years. No procedure-related complications or cardiac ischemia occurred. Conclusion For the treatment of coronary artery fistula in pediatric patients, the use of domestic patent ductus arteriosus occluder is safe and effective with satisfactory short-term to mid-term clinical efficacy.

Objective To investigate the similarities and differences of endoscopic and pathological char- acteristics between long and short segment Barrett's esophagus.Methods One hundred and twenty-eight cases of Barrett's esophagus identified both by endoscopy and pathology were enrolled in this retrospective study. Among them,40 cases were long segment Barrett's esophagus (LSBE) and 88 were short segment Barrett's esophagus (SSBE).The age distribution,sex distinction,endoscopic manifestations and pathological changes were assessed.Data were statistically analyzed by t-test or u-test.Results There were no differences in age distribution and sex distinction between LSBE and SSBE groups (P＞0.05).The ring pattern was the most prominent type accounting for 62.5% in LSBE group.The island pattern was the most prominent type accounting for 85.2% in SSBE group.There were significant differences in the rates of specialized intestinal metaplasia between LSBE and SSBE groups(47.5% vs 14.8%,P＜0.01).Moreover,among the special- ized intestinal metaplasia,low grade (15.0% vs 4.5%),medium grade (12.5% vs 3.4%) and high grade dysplasia (5.0% vs 0.0%) between LSBE and SSBE groups also had statistical differences (all P＜0.05).Conclusions LSBE may have more tendency in dysplasia than that of SSBE.We should pay attention to the importance of endoscopic manifestations and pathological diagnosis.

This study is to investigate the effect of 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PNG) on osteoclastogensis of bone marrow cells and bone resorption activity of osteoclasts. Osteoclasts were separated from long bone marrow of newborn rabbits and cultured in alpha-MEM containing 10% FBS. 8-PNG was added into culture media at 1 x 10(-7), 1 x 10(-6), 1 x 10(-5) mol xL(-1), separately. 17beta-Estradiol (E2, 1 x 10(-7) mol x L(-7)) was used as positive control. T RAP staining and TRAP activity measurement were performed after 5 days, and the bone resorption pits were analyzed after 7 days. Annexin V staining for the detection of apoptotic osteoclasts was performed after 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h separately. The mRNA expression level of TRAP and cathepsin K (CTSK) was measured by real-time RT-PCR. 8-PNG significantly reduced the number of osteoclasts which was TRAP staining positive and with more than three nucleus, the area and number of bone resorption pits decreased obviously in 8-PNG-supplemented groups. The apoptosis rate peaked earlier in the 8-PNG-supplemented groups and the mRNA expression level of TRAP and CTSK decreased significantly. All these inhibitory effects were in a dose dependent manner, the highest effect was obtained by 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) 8-PNG. 8-PNG inhibits bone resorption activity of osteoclasts by inducing osteoclast apoptosis and inhibiting the gene expression and enzyme activity including TRAP and CTSK, and restrains bone marrow cells to osteoclast differentiation.

The antibody against AT1-EC2 plays a role in some kinds of inflammatory vascular diseases including malignant hypertension, preeclampsia, and renal-allograft rejection, but the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. In order to investigate the changes of NADPH oxidase and reactive oxygen species in the aorta in a mouse model which can produce AT1-EC2 antibody by active immunization with AT1-EC2 peptide, 15 mice were divided into three groups: control group, AT1-EC2-immunized group, and AT1-EC2-immunized and valsartan-treated group. In AT1-EC2-immunized group and AT1-EC2-immunized and valsartan-treated group, the mice were immunized by 50 μg peptide subcutaneously at multiple points for 4 times: 0, 5, 10, and 15 days after the experiment. In AT1-EC2-immunized and valsartan-treated group, valsartan was given at a dose of 100 mg/kg every day for 20 days. After the experiment, the mice were sacrificed under anesthesia and the aortas were obtained and frozen in liquid nitrogen for the preparation of frozen section slides and other experiments. The titer of AT1-EC2 was assayed by using ELISA. The level of NOX1 mRNA in the aorta was determined by using RT-PCR. The expression of NOX1 was detected by using Western blotting. Confocal scanning microscopy was used to assay the α-actin and NOX1 expression in the aortic tissue. The O(2)∸ production was detected in situ after DHE staining. The mice produced high level antibody against AT1-EC2 in AT1-EC2-immunized group and AT1-EC2-immunized and valsartan-treated group, and the level of NOX1 mRNA in the aortic tissues was 1.6±0.4 times higher and the NOX1 protein expression was higher in AT1-EC2-immunized group than in control group. There were no significant differences in the level of NOX1 mRNA and protein expression between control group and AT1-EC2-immunized and valsartan-treated group. The expression and co-localization of α-actin and NOX1 in AT1-EC2-immunized group increased significantly as compared with those in control group, and the O(2)∸ production increased about 2.7 times as compared with control group. There were no significant differences between control group and AT1-EC2-immunized and valsartan-treated group. It is concluded that active immunization with AT1-EC2 can activate NOX1-ROS, and increase vascular inflammation, which can be inhibited by AT1 receptor blocker valsartan. This may partially explain the mechanism of the pathogenesis of inflammatory vascular diseases related to antibody against AT1-EC2.

Objectives To assess treatment outcomes and prognosis in infants with atrial flutter (AFL).Methods Thirty-four (34) cases of infants with AFL in Hunan Children's Hospital had been analyzed for clinical features, treatment outcomes and follow-up between March, 2009 and September, 2015. Based on ECG characteristics, the patients had been divided into simple and complex AFL groups. Based on age, they had been divided into neonates and non-neonates group. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical effects of drug treatment in different types of AFL.Resultsb With digitalis alone, the cardioversion rate was 37.5%,no signiflcant difference was observed between simple and complex AFL groups (45.8% vs 12.5%,P=0.206). Combining with other drugs, the cardioversion rate was 54.5%, which showed signiflcant difference between simple and complex AFL groups (76.9% vs 22.2%,P=0.036). The overall cardioversion rate was 70.6%, which showed signiflcant difference between simple and complex AFL groups(87.5% vs 30%,P=0.003). There was no signiflcant difference in pharmaceutical cardioversion rate between neonates and non-neonates group (85.7% vs 60.0%,P=0.216). Two cases with symptoms of heart failure used synchronized cardioversion. One patient restored to sinus rhythm, and another case was still recurrent of AFL after repeated electrical cardioversion, and eventually died of cardiogenic shock. After treatment, 9 patients were still with paroxysmal AFL and atrial tachycardia episodes, including 3 cases of simple type and 6 cases of complex type who were discharged with oral digoxin and propafenone treatment at home. 24 patients were followed up (3 months to 3 years and 4 months). 16 cases restored to sinus rhythm during hospitalization had no recurrence of AFL.Conclusions The overall treatment effects of AFL in infants were good. In simple type of AFL, most of patients did not need long-term antiarrhythmic drug therapy and the prognosis was good. The prognosis of treatment with conventional drug was poor in complex AFL group, with a higher rate of recurrence of AFL.

Child ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Male ; Paraganglioma ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; surgery

Adult ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of weather conditions and occupational hygiene on SARS outbreak.

METHOD(1) Meteorological parameters around SARS outbreaks in 2003 in 9 cities (Guangzhou, Beijing, Tianjin, Taiyuan, Hong Kong, Taipei, Singapore, Toronto and Hanoi) were analyzed; (2) Causes of hospital infection were also analyzed from an occupational hygiene point of view.

RESULTS(1) The amplitude of air temperature, air pressure and diurnal temperature difference were greater around SARS outbreaks in most of the cities. Higher airborne particles concentration and lower wind speed were measured prior to SARS outbreaks in the cities with the most serious epidemic situation. The ten-day mean value of air temperature before SARS outbreaks in 9 cities was 16.6 degrees C +/- 7.6 degrees C, suggesting that coronary virus infection, which has been considered to cause SARS by now, may be most active at 9 degrees C - 24 degrees C. (2) Occupational hygiene in hospital proved to be an important socio-behavior factor for SARS outbreak. All hospital infection could be attributed to defects in the key links of occupational hygiene.

CONCLUSIONSGreater fluctuations of air temperature and higher airborne particles concentration in winter and spring, as well as poor occupational hygiene conditions are significant promoters of SARS outbreak. Warning of atmospheric conditions favorable to SARS, and improvement in occupational hygiene management is the key to prevention from SARS outbreak.

Attitude to Health ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross Infection ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Disease Outbreaks ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Meteorological Concepts ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission