A comparative study on the glycolic acid oxidase (GO) of the domestic Spirulina(Arthrospira) platensis (S_(1)) from alkaline lake in Erdos Plateau and the imported S. (A.) platensis (S_(2)) and S. (A.) maxima (S_(3)) as well is made with colorimetric method. The results show that activity of GO (25℃, pH 8.0) of S_(1), S_(2 )and S_(3) is 70.9 U/gFW, 59.6 U/gFW and 80.9 U/gFW respectively; the GO's optimum temperature of S_(1)、S_(2) and S_(3 )is 30℃; the GO's optimum pH value of S_(1 )is 8.6,while that of S_(2 ) 8.2 and that of S_(3) 8.4; the GO of S_(1 )is stable from 0℃ to 35℃ and from pH 7.6 to pH 10.0, while that of S_(2) from 0℃ to 30℃ and from pH 8.0 to pH 9.0 and that of S_(3) from 0℃ to 35℃ and from pH 8.0 to pH 8.6. Adaptive range of S_(1) GO for temperature and pH is wider, and activity at low and high temperature and under strong acidand alkali conditions is higher than that of the imported species.

Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Program Evaluation

Experimental investigations were conducted on the process of combustion and explosion vent in a 200 mm (diameter)×400 mm (length) vertical cylindrical vessel. When CH4-air mixture gases were used and the vent diameter was 55 mm,conditions of φ (equivalent ratio)=0.8, φ=1.0 and φ=1.3 and two ignition positions (at the cylinder center and bottom) were selected. The venting processes and the correlated factors are discussed in this paper.

Adult ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles ; pathology ; Male ; Neurocytoma ; pathology

Objective　To study the similarities and differences on in vitro replication and expression of hepatitis C virus (HCV) between human fetal hepatocytes (HFH) and 7721 cell line. Methods　Human fetal hepatocytes and a hepatoma cell line 7721 were incubated with a serum from hepatitis C patient. After incubation, the presence of HCV RNA, the expression of HCV NS3 antigens in cells and/or supernatant were examined by RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results　It was found that: ①The intracellular HCV RNA was first detected on d 2～3 post-incubation and then could be intermittently detected in cells and/or supernatant subsequently (HCV RNA could be detected in 7721 cells during a period of at least 66 days. In HFH, HCV RNA could be detected up to 25 days after incubation); ②HCV-NS3 antigen could be expressed in infected cells; ③Minus-strand RNA of HCV was mainly located within cytoplasm by in situ hybridization. Conclusion　The results suggest that both the fetal hpatocytes and the hepatoma cell line 7721 are susceptible to HCV, and especially 7721 cell line can stably support HCV replication in vitro and may be used as the target cell for long-term cultures of HCV.

Complete mannanase gene with two introns was cloned from Trichoderrna reesei by PCR. The two introns were then removed by overlap extension PCR. The gene encoding the mature mannanase protein was inserted into the expression vector pPIC9K, downstream of a alpha-factor signal peptide sequence. The resultant recombinant vector was named pM242. After linearized with Sac I , pM242 was transformed to Pichia pastoris GS115 by electroporation. After screening, the recombinant strain Gpmf25 that expresses the secretory protein at high level was obtained. The activity of the recombinant mannanase reached 12.5 IU/mL. Optimum pH and temperature for the recombinant enzyme were 5.0 and 80 degrees C, respectively. The enzyme was stable at pH 5.0-6.0 and maintained over 50% of original activity after incubation at 70 degrees C for 30 min.
Fungal Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Pichia ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Temperature ; Trichoderma ; enzymology ; genetics ; beta-Mannosidase ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Objective To explore the value and significance of respiratory nursing management mode on preventing pulmonary infection of severe hepatitis patients.Methods One hundred and sixty-eight severe hepatitis patients in hospital from 2008 to 2012 were enrolled.A total of 84 cases were randomized into control group,which were cared with traditional second-level monitoring mode:head nurse guidance,nursing department supervision.While for the 84 cases in prevention group,specialist nursing management group were established to organize regular patients nursing round,formulated nursing quality standards and evaluation indexes,and the cases were all cared by three-tier process monitoring:basic charge nursing,specialist group guidance,and nursing department supervision.Finally,the difference in pulmonary infection rate (PIR),infection related mortality (IRM),average length of stay (ALOS),and per capita hospitalization costs (PCHC) between the two nursing mode groups were evaluated.Results Compared with control group,the PIR significantly decreased 20.24％ in prevention group (x2 =8.537 4,P =0.003 5),and IRM were also decreased significantly (10.71％ vs 23.81％ ; x2 =5.042 9,P =0.024 7).ALOS were 38.09 days in prevention group and 51.24 days in control group,and PCHC decreased about ￥ 9 300.00 in prevention group.Conclusions Respiratory specialist nursing management mode is worth popularizing as it can prevent pulmonary infection,lessen IRM,shorten ALOS,and decrease PCHC,as well as can improve patients' satisfaction and compliance.

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinicopathological features of DiGeorge syndrome (DGS).

METHODThe clinical features, histological and immunohistochemical findings were analyzed in 5 cases of DGS by autopsy.

RESULTSFive cases of DGS in male infants aged 4 days, 1 month, 7 months, 10 months, and 13 months respectively. Gross and microscopic observations revealed that thymic cortex was depleted of lymphocytes or showed few, dispersed lymphocytes. The thymic medulla showed predominantly epithelial cells with calcified Hassall bodies as well as lymphocyte depletion. T lymphocytes were also scarce in the tonsils, lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue of ileum. In addition, 3 of the 5 patients also showed parathyroid aplasia or dysplasia, and congenital hypertrophy of the ventricular septum.

CONCLUSIONSThe pathological changes indicate that clinicians should be aware of defects of immune system if the infants suffer from severe infections. Pathologists should recognize the importance of abnormalities of lymphohematopoietic tissues in the diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency diseases such as DGS.

Autopsy ; DiGeorge Syndrome ; immunology ; pathology ; virology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; pathology ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; pathology ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Parathyroid Glands ; pathology ; Pneumonia, Viral ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; pathology ; Thymus Gland ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the route and scope of the facial nerve in the temporal region for clinical applications.

METHODSTemporal region dissection was performed on 12 cadavers (24 sides) under light microscope.

RESULTSThere are two branches of the facial nerve in the temporal region from the superior margin of the parotid: the temporal branch and the zygomatic branch. Each of them has two to five branches, which run in the deep layer of the superficial temporal fascia. The temporal branch crosses the zygomatic arch to the temporal region, innervating the frontal muscle, the orbicularis oculi muscle, the corrugator supercilii muscle, and the muscle surrounding the ear, etc. The zygomatic branch goes to the lateral canthus, innervating the orbicularis oculi muscle, the upper and lower eyelid and zygomatic muscles. There are communicating branches among the temporal branches, the zygomatic branches and the supraorbital and lacrimal nerves of the ophthalmic nerve.

CONCLUSIONThe temporal branches and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve run between the deep zone of the superficial temporal fascia and the superficial layer of the profound temporal fascia, where dissection should be avoided during rhytidectomy in order not to damage the facial nerve branches.

Cadaver ; Dissection ; Eyelids ; innervation ; Facial Muscles ; innervation ; Facial Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; Fascia ; innervation ; Humans ; Parotid Gland ; anatomy & histology ; Rhytidoplasty ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; innervation ; Temporal Bone ; Zygoma

Experimental investigations were conducted on the process of combustion and explosion vent in a 200 mm (diameter) x 400 mm (length) vertical cylindrical vessel. When CH(4)-air mixture gases were used and the vent diameter was 55 mm, conditions of Phi (equivalent ratio)=0.8, Phi=1.0 and Phi=1.3 and two ignition positions (at the cylinder center and bottom) were selected. The venting processes and the correlated factors are discussed in this paper.