Background Choroidal neovascularization(CNV)has been descrihed as a main reason of visual loss in a lot of ocular diseases.Researches showed that local hypoxia and retinal pigment epithelial(RPE) cells play an important role in the formation of CNV.A closely relationship of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and angiogenesis has been proved.However,whether the expression of Aog-2 in hypoxic cultured human RPE cells is associated with the pathogenesis of CNV is still below understood.Objective This study was to investigate the effects of hypoxia on expression of Ang-2 in cultured human RPE cells in vitro,and discuss the possible effects of Ang-2 in the formation of CNV.Methods Human RPE cells were cultured and passaged,and 4-7 generation of cells were used in the experiment.The cells were incubated in cultural plate at the density of 5×107 cells/L.The culture medium containing 200 μmol/L CoCl2 was used to establish the hypoxia model of human RPE cells culturecd in vitro for 0.5,1,2,4,6,12and 24 hours,and the RPE cells cultured under normoxia were as controls.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of Ang-2 mRNA in cultured human RPE cells,and enzymelinked immunosorbnent assay(ELISA) was used to assay the content of Ang-2 protein in supernatant of cultured human RPE cells.Results The survival rate of human RPE cells was 90％ after resoscitation.The fourth generation of cells showed the fusiform with the less pigment in them.The Ang-2 mRNA/β-actin mRNA value in human RPE cells was significantly different among various groups(F=1086.30,P=0.00),The Ang-2 mRN A/β-actin mRNA value in hypoxia cultured for 0.5 hours group began to increase and peaked in hypoxia culture for 4-6 hours group,with the significant differences in comparison with normoxia control group(P＜0.05).The Ang-2 mRNA/β-actin mRNA value decreased to the baseline level at hypoxia for 24 hours.The ELISA analysis showed that the concentration of Ang-2 protein in supernatant of RPE cells showed significant difference among groups(F=1034.00,P=0.00).The concentration of Ang-2 protein increased at hypoxia culture for 0.5 hours and peaked at 6 hours,showing significant differences in comparison with the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Hypoxia could significantly up-regulate the expression of Ang-2 in human RPE cells cultured in vitro.Ang-2 expresses highly in the early stage of hypoxia,implying that Ang-2 participates in the formation of CNV.

Objective To explore the influence of the length of time elapsed from ingestion of paraquat to hemoperfusion on prognosis in patients with acute paraquat poisoning.Methods The investigation was carried out with retrospective analysis.A total of 303 patients with acute paraquat poisoning were admitted to the Emergency Intensive Care Unit (EICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from January 2009 to December 2012.According to the length of time between ingestion and hemoperfusion,patients were divided into three groups,Group A:the time interval between ingestion and hemoperfusion ＜ 4 h ; Group B:4h ≤ the time interval between ingestion and hemoperfusion ＜ 8 h; Group C:8 h≤the time interval between ingestion and hemoperfusion ＜ 12 h.Compared the extent of target organ injury,28-d mortality and the survival time of non-survivors among three groups for determining the influence of the length of time elapsed from ingestion to hemoperfusion on the prognosis of patients.Results Totally 303 patients with average age of 34.8 ± 10.8 years old (ranging from 15 to 72 years),and 117 male and 186 female.The median estimated amount of 20％ paraquat ingested was 50 mL (ranging from 10 to 270 mL,IQR:45 mL).The hemoperfusion was employed (3.6 ±1.2) times (ranging from 2 to 5 times) for every paitient within 24 h after ingestion.The overall mortality rate was 68.6％ (208/304)during a 28 days follow-up period,and only 95 of 303 patients survived.The median length of time between paraquat ingestion and hemoperfusion at the emergency department was 6.6 h (ranging from 1.4 to 11.5 h,IQR:3.5 h).However,it was 7.2 h (ranging from 3.1 to 11.5 h,IQR:2.4 h) in non-survivors and 4.9 h (ranging from 1.4 to 7.6 h,IQR:1.5 h) in survivors.The difference was statistically significant (U =2.014,P =0.043).The difference in 28-day mortality among three groups was statistically significant (x2 =9.27,P =0.009),and the difference in average survival time of non-survivors among three groups was statistically significant (F =3.31,P =0.038).The length of time between ingestion and hemoperfusion and the survival time of non-survivors was a negative correlation (r2 =0.421,P =0.045).The difference in ALTmax,SCrmax,AMYmax and PaO2 min,as the severity indicators of acute liver injury,acute kidney injury,acute pancreas injury and acute lung injury among the three groups were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Employment of hemoperfusion within 4 h after ingestion can attenuate the degree of target organ injury,reducing 28 day mortality of patients with acute paraquat poisoning.

Adult ; Aged ; Erythrocyte Indices ; Hemorheology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicosis ; blood

Animals ; Collateral Circulation ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Regeneration ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Ventricular Remodeling

Dengue (DEN) virus is a member of the family flaviviridae which consists of a group of enveloped viruses with a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome. DEN virus infection is initiated by the binding of envelope protein E to cellular receptor,followed by replication in cytoplasm which associated with a range of induced membrane structures. Further characterization of the DEN replication complex (RC) showed the involvement of NS1, NS2A, NS3, NS4A, and NS5 proteins as the viral replicase. The DEN virion maturation is associated with the cleavage of precursor of protein C by NS2B/NS3 protease and the glucosylase-mediated N-linked oligosaccharide trimming of prM, E protein. This review summarizes recent advance in research on DEN virus life cycle, emphasizing cellular receptor, RNA replication and virion assembly.

UNLABELLED: The patient with long history of alcohol was admitted because of intermittent right nasal bleeding for two days,and treated by nasal packing. After 3 days,the patient exhibited auditory hallucinations and immediately showed rage, mania, sweating and fever. CT examination showed calcification in the right frontal lobe, brain atrophy and sinusitis. DIAGNOSIS epistaxis and alcohol withdrawal syndrome, deviated septum, sinusitis.
Alcohol-Induced Disorders ; complications ; Epistaxis ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome ; complications

Female ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; drug therapy ; Infant, Newborn ; Thyroxine ; poisoning ; therapeutic use

Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Lead Poisoning, Nervous System, Childhood ; complications ; Male ; Optic Neuritis ; etiology

Altitude ; Altitude Sickness ; prevention & control ; Health Services Administration ; Humans

Bronchi ; Child, Preschool ; Foreign Bodies ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumopericardium ; etiology ; Spinal Diseases ; etiology