Recent studies have revealed that tumor suppressor PTEN does not only closely relate to the development and differentiation of brain but also get extensively involved into the pathophysiological processes of ischemic brain injury.Through research on the mechanisms of molecular regulation mediated by PTEN in ischemic brain injury will provide new perspectives for the treatment of ischemic brain injury.

Phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor with dual protein and lipid phosphatase activity.PTEN is involved multisystem diseases and cancer,though the mechanisms of PTEN regulation are far from clear.Recent advances concerning regulation of PTEN including protein-protein interaction,phosphorylation,ubiquitination,oxidation and acetylation will be discussed.

Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN) is a tumor suppressor which can inhibit proliferation and migration and control apoptosis in a number of cell types,mainly through inhibiting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K) signaling pathway.A number of in vitro and in vivo studies has been instrumental in uncovering a direct correlation between deregulated PTEN/PI3K signaling and changes in neuronal morphogenesis,which is likely to have profound bearings upon the pathogenesis of neurological symptoms.This review outlines recent work on the function of PTEN during the formation and maintenance of neuronal circuits in the brain.

Objective To analyze the etiologic factors and clinical manifestation of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants.Methods One hundred and seventy-two preterm infants from June 2005 to August 2006 were accrued to investigate their gestational age,birth weight,birth history,and clinical symptoms.Cranial chromatic ultrasound was used to scan the preterm infants and diagnose IVH.Results 1.The incidence of IVH was associated with gestational age (?2=6.40 P=0.011);2.The incidence of IVH was also associated with birth weight(?2=26.49 P=0);3.IVH usually occurred within 72 h with mild clinical manifestations and was diagnosed within 5 days after birth;4.IVH occurred more frequently and more severe in infants with severe asphyxia than those with mild asphyxia.Conclusions Early gestational age,low birth weight, and severe asphyxia are risk factors for IVH.The clinical symptoms of IVH are usually mild in most patients.Cranial chromatic ultrasound is a reliable,sensitive and convenient method of detection for IVH in preterm infants.

In the current study, a total of nineteen triterpenoids (1-19) from 60% EtOH extracts of Stauntonia obovatifoliola Hayata subsp. intermedia stems were separated and purified by solvent extraction and chromatographic methods including silica gel, ODS as well as preparative HPLC. According to the results of chemical reactions and spectral data, compounds were identified as: lupeol (1), betulinonic acid (2), betulinic acid (3), 3-epi-betulinic acid (4), quinatic acid (5), 24-O-acetyl quinatic acid (6), 3-O-α- L-arabinopyranosyl-30-nor-hederagenin-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4) -β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (7), Stauntoside A (8), kalopanax saponin A (9), kalopanax saponin J (10), Kizuta saponin K10 (11), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1--> 2) -α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (12), kalopanax saponin B (13), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2) -α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (14), sieboldianoside A (15), septemoside A (16), kalopanax saponin K (17), septemloside I (18), and 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1 --> 2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl- hederagenin (19). Among them, compounds 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, and 16-19 were isolated from the Stauntonia genus for the first time, and compound 6 was a new natural product.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Triterpenes ; chemistry

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Brain ; embryology ; Cell Differentiation ; Humans ; Neurons ; physiology ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; physiology ; Stem Cells ; physiology ; Synapses ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo explore the transcranial surgical method with lateral orbital approach for the treatment of cranio-orbital fibrous dysplasia.

METHODSLateral orbital transcranial extradural approach was adopted to correct complicated fibrous dysplasia in which the frontal, orbital, sphenoid, temporal bones were involved. Partial lesion removal and optic nerve decompression were performed through the transcranial extradural route by fronto-temporal cranial bone flap exposure. The fronto-orbital skeleton was shaped after bone flap deactivation.

RESULTS8 cases were treated successfully with no complication. The period of follow-up ranged from 9 months to 3 years. The appearance and the vision improved greatly. Cranial CT showed good bony union with no relapse.

CONCLUSIONSLateral orbital transcranial surgical approach is an optimal technique to correct cranio-orbital fibrous dysplasia.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Orbit ; surgery ; Orbital Diseases ; surgery ; Skull ; surgery ; Young Adult

A growing body of evidence suggests that p300 histone acetyltransferase plays important roles in cancer cell differentiation and proliferation. Here, we employed structure-based hierarchical virtual screening method to identify novel lead compounds of p300 histone acetyltransferase. From a screening library containing approximate 100 000 diverse druglike compounds, 33 compounds were chosen for experimental testing and one compound, 4-acetyl-2-methyl-N-morpholino-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1, 4]thiazine-7-sulfonamide (17), showed as micromolar inhibitor. Based on its predicted binding pose, we investigated its binding characteristics by designing two series of structural modifications. The obtained structure-activity relationship results are consistent with the predicted binding model. We expect that the identified novel p300 histone acetyltransferase inhibitors will serve as starting points for further development of more potent and specific histone acetyltransferase inhibitors.
Drug Design ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Morpholines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Sulfonamides ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; p300-CBP Transcription Factors ; antagonists & inhibitors ; chemistry