The CO I gene sequences of Qianghuoyu, Pachytriton labiatus and Gehyra mutilata were achieved by PCR amplification and bi-directional sequencing. Furthermore, a pair of specific primers SJYW1 and SJYW2 in the non-conservative district were designed through sequence alignment. The PCR reaction condition was established by changing the annealing temperature and cycle numbers. The results showed that 350 bp DNA fragment was amplified from Qianghuoyu in PCR with annealed temperature at 54 °C and the cycle number was 25 cycles, whereas not any DNA fragment was amplified from P. labiatus and G. mutilata under the same reaction condition. This method is well-performed in the identification of Qianghuoyu for its excellent specificity and repeatability.
Animals ; Drug Contamination ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

We evaluated the patient in the early,advanced or healing phase of the disease by MRI in the treatment of chronic brucellosis spondylitis and to guide the clinical treatment.MRI images of 40 patients with clinically diagnosed chronic brucellosis spondylitis were analyzed retrospectively.The imaging findings of early,advanced and healing patients were summarized.MRI showed abnormal signals in the vertebral body,intervertebral disc,paraspinaI and psoas muscle.It is early stage if the intervertebral space was normal,and advanced stage if combined with interverbral space stenosis.It demonstrated short T1 and short T2 signal or similar to the normal vertebral body,combined with intervertebral space stenosis,for the healing stage.According to the specific imaging manifestations of chronic brucellar spondylitis in the course of disease development,it is possible to evaluate the clinical stage of the disease and guide the rational selection of clinical treatment.

Zuotai (gTso thal) is a typical representative of Tibetan medicines containing heavy metals, but there is still lack of modem safety evaluation data so far. In this study, acute toxicity test, sub-acute toxicity test, one-time administration mercury distribution experiment, long-term mercury accumulative toxicity experiment and preliminary study on clinical safety of Compound Dangzuo were conducted in the hope of obtain the medicinal safety data of Zuotai. In the acute toxicity test, half of KM mice given the lethal dose of Zuotai were not died or poisoned, and LD50 was not found. The maximum tolerated dose of Zuotai was 80 g x kg(-1). In the subacute toxicity test, Zuotai could reduce ALT, AST, Crea levels in serums under low dose (13.34 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) and medium dose (53.36 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), with significant difference under low dose, and increase the levels of ALT, AST, MDA, Crea in serums under high dose (2 000 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)); besides, the levels of BUN and GSH in serums reduced with the increase in dose of Zuotai, indicating a significant dose-effect relationship. In the one-time administration distribution experiment, the content of mercury in rat kidney, liver and lung increased after the one-time administration with Zuotai, with a significant dose-dependent relationship in kidney. In the long-term mercury accumulative toxicity experiment, KM mice were administered with equivalent doses of Zuotai for 4.5 months and then stopped drug administration for 1.5 months. Since the 2.5th month, they showed significant mercury accumulation in kidney, which gradually reduced after drug withdrawal, without significant change in mercury content in liver, spleen and brain and ALT, AST, TBIL, BUN and Crea in serum. At the 4.5th month after drug administration, KM mice showed slight structural changes in kidney, liver and spleen tissues, and gradually recovered to normal after drug withdrawal. Besides, no significant difference in weight gain was found between the Zuotai group and the control group. According to the findings of the clinical safety study of Dangzuo, after subjects administered Dangzuo under clinical dose for one month, their serum biochemical indicators, blood routine indicators and urine routine indicators showed no significant adverse change. This study proved that traditional Tibetan medicine Zuotai was slightly toxic, with a better safety in clinical combined administration and no adverse effects on bodies under the clinical dose and clinical medication cycle. However, long-term high-dose administration of Zuotai may have a certain effect on kidney.
Adult ; Animals ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Young Adult

According to the law of circulation of meridians and the locations of acupoints, the opposite acupoints were proposed. It facilitates comprehension of the routes of meridians and the locations of acupoints. Application of opposite needling or penetrative needling, it is easy to practice and the effectiveness is significant. Promoting this concept into acupuncture training, can expand out from acupoint to meridian, from one meridian to other meridians, it will generate good rewards.
Acupuncture ; education ; methods ; Acupuncture Points ; Meridians ; Teaching ; methods

Fatal anaphylactic shock is common in forensic practice. However, it is difficult to diagnose for lacking specific pathological and morphologic changes in forensic autopsy. The application of some biochemical indicators is of great significance. This paper reviews the biological characteristics of some biochemical indicators and detection methods. The forensic application, problems and prospects of these indicators are also introduced in details. The stable biochemical indicators, IgE, tryptase and chymase, show great potential and advantages in the identification of fatal anaphylactic shock in forensic medicine.
Anaphylaxis/metabolism* ; Autopsy ; Biomarkers ; Chymases ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Tryptases

Objective To look into the anxiety and dcpression of children' s primary caretakers and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide scientific references for the implementation of nursing intervention.Methods Convenience sampling was used to enlist 90 primary caretakers of children in a A level hospital in Wuhan from December 2011 to Apria 2012 to the research.And SAS and SDS were used to investigate these caretakers.Results 95 questionnaires were handed out and 90 were recovered with the rate of 94.73％.The average SAS and SDS scores of primary caretakers were respectively (49.57 ± 8.67) and (54.49 ± 8.16),both were higher than those of national norm group (37.23 ± 12.58) and (41.88 ± 10.57),respectively,and the differences were statistically significant (t =13.504,14.650,respectively ; P =0.000).SAS and SDS scores of caretakers with different patients' ages,caretakers' genders,caretakers' educational degrees and family monthly income per person were significantly different (F =15.917,9.257,3.558,3.069,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).The anxiety and depression of caretakers were negatively related to patients' age,caretakers' educational degrees and family monthly income per person (P ＜ 0.05),and positively related to caretakers' genders (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The average SAS and SDS scores of caretakers are obviously higher than those of the norm group,and the anxiety and depression were influenced by patients' age,caretakers' gender,caretakers' educational degree and family monthly income per person,which should draw nursing attention.

Objective: To summarize the distributing rule of TCM syndrome elements of common diseases by analyzing the literature of Depression,Chronic Hepatitis B,Chronic Renal Failure,Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,Menopausal Syndrome.Methods: We selected eligible literatures,then established database with EpiData 3.0 software and computed the frequency of TCM syndrome elements with SPSS 12.0 software.Results: ①Liver,heart,spleen,lung and kidney are common TCM syndrome elements of location of disease.②Yin deficiency,yang deficiency,heat,qi stasis,qi deficiency,blood stasis,damp and phlegm are common TCM syndrome elements of nature of disease.③There are TCM syndrome types between 62 and 148,but the sum of frequency of leading syndrome types which includes disease information is mostly no more than 50%.There are TCM syndrome elements between 19 and 47,but the sum of frequency of leading syndrome elements which includes disease information is mostly above 80%.Conclusion: It is convenient to study TCM syndrome from the aspect of TCM syndrome elements,so we should thoroughly keep on studying TCM syndrome elements.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship between plasma trough level of imatinib and clinical outcomes in Chinese CML patients.

METHODSPlasma trough levels in 416 CML patients who received imatinib orally in six general hospitals were assessed. The correlations of imatinib plasma trough level with baseline characteristics including age, weight and BSA, and clinical response were evaluated.

RESULTS(1) Effects of age, body weight and BSA on imatinib plasma trough levels were not to be clinically significant. (2) Median imatinib plasma trough levels was 1271 (109-4329). Imatinib plasma trough level was related to dose of imatinib administration. Plasma trough levels at imatinib of dose < 400, 400 and > 400 mg were (969 ± 585), (1341 ± 595) and (1740 ± 748) µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively. (3) There was no statistic difference in imatinib plasma trough level with complete cytogenetic response [CCyR (1337 ± 571) µg/L vs no CCyR (1354 ± 689) µg/L, P = 0.255]. (4) Imatinib plasma trough level might be important for a good clinical response in some CML patients.

CONCLUSIONThere was a large interpatient variability in imatinib plasma concentration in Chinese CML patients. No correlation of imatinib plasma trough level with CCyR was observed. However, higher doses of imatinib were shown to attain greater trough plasma concentration, suggesting that imatinib plasma trough level might be important for a good clinical response in some CML patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Benzamides ; blood ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; blood ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Piperazines ; blood ; therapeutic use ; Pyrimidines ; blood ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDTo construct human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18 E6E7) adeno-associated virus (AAV) for studying the role of HPV E6E7 in the development of human cancer.

METHODSHPV18 E6E7 genes were inserted into adeno-associated virus expression vector and then infected 293 cell line. The expression of HPV18 E6E7 genes were confirmed by using RT-PCR/Southern blot assay.

RESULTSThere was HPV18 E6E7 genes in the malignantly transformed cell line. The 293TL cells compared with the parent cells transformed cells grew more rapidly, lost their contact inhibition and formed more and large colonies in soft agar.

CONCLUSIONSHPV18 E6E7 AAV was successfully constructed and could induce malignant transformation. HPV18 E6E7 AAV can be use for studying the immortalization and malignant transformation of human normal epithelial cells.

Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Dependovirus ; genetics ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; virology ; Fetus ; Humans ; Kidney ; cytology ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; genetics ; Papillomaviridae ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Enterobacter cloacae ; drug effects ; Isoelectric Point ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; beta-Lactamases ; genetics