OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics and regular pattern of the medicine in common use and combined medication in patients of acute pancreatitis in real world.

METHODCollect the information of 5 433 acute pancreatitis patients in 19 grade IIIA general hospitals in China, analysis by descriptive statistics and association rule.

RESULTIn the 5 433 patients of acute pancreatitis, the glycyrrhizic acid injection and somatostatin are the frequency top used Chinese traditional and western medication. Glycyrrhizic acid injection, somatostatin and insulin are the frequency top used drug combination pattern.

CONCLUSIONThe Chinese and western integrative medicine drug use pattern are accord with the clinical guideline of acute panceatitis. The hepatic and renal function, blood routine and coagulation function should be monitored when the medicines are used.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis ; drug therapy ; Somatostatin ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Craniopharyngioma ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; surgery ; Skull Base ; Sphenoid Sinus ; surgery

Itraconazole has been used to treat superficial candidal infections in China for 12 years with promising efficacy and safety. This article retrospectively reviewed literatures published in the mainstream journals in China with an attempt to find a reasonable therapy for Chinese populations.
Antifungal Agents ; therapeutic use ; Candidiasis ; drug therapy ; Dermatomycoses ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Itraconazole ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomatitis ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Vaginitis ; drug therapy ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of myeloperoxidase(MPO) genetic polymorphism and gastric cancer.

METHODSA case-control study was performed including 62 patients with gastric cancer and 61 healthy controls. Peripheral blood was collected for genetic analysis of MPO-463.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in gender, age, and smoking between the two groups(P>0.05). However, the two groups differed in drinking, family history of gastric cancer, and Helicobacter pylori(HP) infection(P<0.05). The frequencies of MPO-463GG, GA and AA were 87.1%, 11.3% and 1.6%in the study group, and were 72.1%, 23.0%, and 4.9% in the control group, respectively. Carriers of MPO-463 GA or AA had a significantly higher risk of gastric cancer than those of MPO-463 GG(χ(2)=4.253, P<0.05, OR=0.383, 95% CI: 0.151-0.972). Carriers of G allele had a significantly lower risk of gastric cancer compared to carriers of A allele(χ(2)=4.935, P<0.05, OR=0.399, 95% CI: 0.174-0.916).

CONCLUSIONMPO-463 G/A polymorphism is associated with gastric cancer with A being a protective gene.

Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Peroxidase ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo compare surgical efficacy after three different reconstruction techniques after radical resection of distal gastric cancer.

METHODSClinical data of 169 cases of distal gastric cancer operated in our hospital from 2007 to 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The reconstruction techniques included Billroth I (anastomosis (n=60), Billroth II (anastomosis (n=41), and Roux-en-Y anastomosis (n=68). Efficacy among 3 groups was compared. Specific symptoms scale was used to evaluate the quality of life in three methods after three months.

RESULTSCompared to Billroth I(anastomosis and Billroth II (anastomosis, Roux-en-Y anastomosis had longer operative time [(266.3±70.4) min vs. (196.2±54.3) min, and (228.5±67.7) min], more blood loss [(220.9±67.6) ml vs. (170.5±61.5) ml and (188.5±76.7) ml], and shorter time to gastric tube removal [(2.6±1.5) d vs. (3.1±1.3) d and (3.6±1.2) d], milder postoperative reflux and heartburn sensation(specific symptoms scale, 1.8±0.4 vs. 1.9±0.6 and 2.6±0.4, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAlthough Roux-en-Y anastomosis is not consistent with physiological route and the procedure is more complex to perform, it can effectively prevent reflux complications. Roux-en-Y anastomosis is a better reconstruction technique after radical resection of distal gastric cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of stem cell transcription factor Oct-4 in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and seborrheic keratosis (SK) and its association with cancer stem cells.

METHODSImmunohistochemistry was used to detect Oct-4 expression in 35 SCC cases, 21 SK cases and 15 normal control skin tissues.

RESULTSOct-4 expression was negative in normal skin and showed a significant difference between SCC and SK tissues (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe Oct-4-positive cells in SCC and SK are probably tumor stem cells. Oct-4 expression may provide an important evidence for isolation and identification of human SCC and SK stem cells.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Keratosis, Seborrheic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3 ; metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of anti-oncogene WWOX on cell growth of cholangiocarcinoma.

METHODSThe expression of WWOX protein was detected with immunohistochemical method-SP in 54 patients with cholangiocarcinoma from July 2005 to May 2010 and 12 samples of normal bile duct tissues. The recombinant WWOX eukaryotic expression plasmid was introduced into RBE cells by liposome-mediated transfection and positive cell clones were selected and amplified. The mRNA and protein expressions in RBE cells stably transfected with WWOX were investigated by quantitative RT-PCR and Western Blot before and after transfection. Cell proliferation was tested by MTT, cell apoptosis was assessed by FCM, the alteration of mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm) was detected by JC-1 staining method, cell invasion was determined by Transwell chamber assay. The expression change of bcl-2, bax, FasL, caspase-3 mRNA and protein was detected by quantitative RT-PCR and Western Blot.

RESULTSThe expression of WWOX protein was significantly lower in cholangiocarcinoma than that in normal bile duct tissues and loss of WWOX protein expression was found in 40.7% of cholangiocarcinoma specimens (P < 0.05). RBE cells with stable transfection of WWOX were established. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression of WWOX mRNA was significantly enhanced and Western Blot demonstrated that WWOX protein expression was markedly increased. MTT showed that WWOX gene transfection significantly decreased the proliferation of RBE cells (P < 0.05). FCM analysis showed that the apoptosis rate after transfection was significantly promoted [(1.1 ± 0.6)% vs. (1.7 ± 0.5)% vs. (35.2 ± 4.4)%, P < 0.01], JC-1 staining method indicated that the experimental group was loss of ΔΨm [(12.6 ± 1.9)% vs. (13.6 ± 1.8)% vs. (48.7 ± 2.9)%, P < 0.01], transwell chamber assay showed that the number of transfected cells that passed the transwell membrane was significantly less than those of control groups (77 ± 6 vs. 72 ± 8 vs. 48 ± 6, P < 0.01). Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and protein was markedly decreased and the expression of bax, caspase-3 were significantly increased. There was no significant change in the expression of FasL.

CONCLUSIONWWOX exerts its antitumor effect against proliferation through inducing cell apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma.

Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Oxidoreductases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Transfection ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; WW Domain-Containing Oxidoreductase

Multi-stage countercurrent extraction technology, integrating solvent extraction, repercolation with dynamic and countercurrent extraction, is a novel extraction technology for the traditional Chinese medicine. This solvent-saving, energy-saving and high-extraction-efficiency technology can at the most drive active compounds to diffuse from the herbal materials into the solvent stage by stage by creating concentration differences between the herbal materials and the solvents. This paper reviewed the basic principle, the influence factors and the research progress and trends of the equipments and the application of the multi-stage countercurrent extraction.
Countercurrent Distribution ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; Particle Size ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Solvents ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; methods ; Temperature ; Time Factors

AIMTo study the inhibition of oxygen consumption by annonaceous acetogenins (ACG) and their structure-activity relationship (SAR).

METHODSThe inhibition of oxygen consumption in chicken liver cell respiration by different structural ACG was studied by using oxygen electrode technique.

RESULTSSix ACG showed potent inhibitory effects like rotenone which was a classical inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, and was more potent than complex IV inhibitor KCN. The IC50 values of six ACG for inhibiting oxygen consumption suggested that bistetrahydrofuran (THF) ACG was 7-11 times more active than non-THF ACG, and A1-type ACG was more potent than A2-type ACG.

CONCLUSIONThe terminal gamma-lactone was crucial for the inhibition of oxygen consumption. The distance between THF and gamma-lactone, the hydroxyl groups in the alkyl chain, were the important factors of SAR, but the 4-OH group possibly played some negative role in the exhibit of potent activity.

Acetogenins ; Animals ; Annona ; chemistry ; Cell Separation ; Chickens ; Fatty Alcohols ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Furans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Lactones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Liver ; cytology ; Mitochondria, Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oxygen Consumption ; drug effects ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship