DNA Methylation ; Humans ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; genetics ; metabolism

Wingless type protein (Wnt protein) is a group of protein which plays an important role in the process of animal growth and hemopoiesis,the signaling pathway they conducted was called Wnt signaling pathway,and its abnormal activation can lead to many tumors,include lung caner.As a tumor suppressor gene,WIF-1 can restrain the activation of Wnt signaling pathway,which can avoid lung cancer.WIF-l's methylation can downregulate the expression of WIF-1,which can activate Wnt signaling pathway and cause lung cancer.So the detection of WIF-1's methylation may contribute to clinical diagnose of lung cancer,and therapy of WIF-1 's methylation may be one of the treatment metheds of lung cancer.

Objective: To prepare 2 composites using different proportions of hydroxyapatite and collagen and to assess their structural and biological properties, so as to pave a way for preparing tissue engineering chest wall scaffold. Methods: Two kinds of hydroxyapatite/collagen composites were prepared according to the weight ratios of 1:1 and 1:2; collagen sponge served as control. Then the structures of the 2 composites and the collagen sponge were observed under SEM. In vivo study was conducted to assess the biocompatibility and biodegradation of the composites by gross inspection and histological examination. Results: The collagen sponge had a 3-D network structure with fluey collagen fibers and poor mechanical strength, and its structure was damaged within 2 weeks after implantation and was completely absorbed 4 weeks later. The hydroxyapatite and collagen were well mixed in the composite with a hydroxyapatite to collagen ratio of 1:2; the composite had homogeneous 3-D porous structure (size of the pore being 100-400 m) and showed good biocompatibility: maintained its porous structure 4 weeks after implantation and was absorbed within 8 weeks. In composite with hydroxyapatite to collagen ratio of 1:1, the hydroxyapatite particles were separated from collagen fiber and conglomerated into masses, and the composite resulted in severe tissue reaction after implantation. Conclusion: When mixed with a reasonable proportion of hydroxyapatite, the collagen sponge has improved structure, biodegradable performance, and biocompatibility; the composite may be a novel scaffold for tissue engineering chest wall reconstruction.

Objective: To prepare a novel surgery mesh made of polydioxanone(PDO) and to study its in vivo degradation properties and the related tissue reaction, so as to provide reference for future clinical application. Methods: PDO mesh was plain-woven and was coated with collagen and chitosan, then they were implanted into the dorsal muscle of rabbits for 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 weeks. Rabbits implanted with pure PDO mesh served as control. The degradation process of implanted materials, tissue-material interface, and the biological influence of the coating on the mesh were observed; tissue reaction was observed and evaluated by histological means and TEM. Results: Implantation of pure PDO mesh resulted in mild inflammation and fibrous tissues infiltrated into the mesh; degradation occurred during the 8th to the 12th week and degraded completely within 24 weeks; there was no denaturalization, necrosis, and abnormal hyperplasia in the surrounding tissues. Collagen coating stimulated a fibroblastic proliferation and was reabsorbed within 4 weeks; and the naked mesh was infiltrated by fibrous tissues. The chitosan coating showed a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of the surrounding connective tissues. Conclusion: The biodegradable polydioxanone mesh has an excellent biocompatibility, a friendly tissue-material interface and a proper degradation rate matching to the tissue regeneration rate. The biological characteristics of the mesh can be modified by different coatings, making it a very promising degradable surgical mesh.

Chest wall resection and reconstruction remains a severe challenge for reconstructive surgeons, which often leads to conservative treatment regimens in clinical practice, consequently resulting in poor outcomes (high morbidity and mortality). In recent 20 years, advances in muscle flap surgery and availability of chest reconstructive prosthesis have encouraged the surgeons to take an active attitude toward chest wall resection; many "unresectable" lesions now have a chance to be resected and cured. This article reviews the problems concerning the principles for chest wall resection, reconstruction, prosthesis selection, etc. in chest wall reconstruction.

Two ent-kauranoids were isolated from the ethanol extraction of rhizomes of Canna generalis (Cannaceae), and were purified by various technologies, including silica gel and high performance liquid chromatography, and their structures were determined by modern spectroscopy techniques as (5R,8S,9S,10R,13R)-2-oxo-ent-kaur-15-en-17-oic acid (1) and (4R,5S,8S,9S,10S,13R)-19-hydroxy-ent-kaur-15-en-17-oic acid (2). Compound 1 is a new ent-kauranoid, and compound 2 is obtained from rhizomes of Canna generalis for the first time.

OBJECTIVE: From biomechanics, to summarize the application advances of metal screw implantation intemal fixation in cervical diseases. METHODS: A total of 22 articles of biomechanical analysis and clinical application of cervical screw implantation published between 2000 and 2008 were collected to analyze the anatomic basis, biomechanics, clinical application and advantages and disadvantage of cervical screw implantation. RESULTS: Lateral mass screw, pedicle screw internal fixation, and transarticular screw fixation can enhance biomechanical stability of cervical diseases. CONCLUSION: Screw implantation is an effective lower cervical intemal fixation technique and can be used in lower cervical instability and defects caused by various factors, in particular posterior column partial defect.

Adult ; Ear Canal ; Ear Neoplasms ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; complications ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; complications

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture plus astragalus polysaccharide on the expression of Bcl-2 protein in pancreatic islet b cells in db/db mice. Method C57BL/Ksj-db/db mice as an animal model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes were selected for this experiment. Five-week-old db/db mice were randomized into model, acupuncture, medication and acupuncture+medication groups. Meanwhile, db/m mice were selected as a normal group. The acupuncture group received acupuncture at points Housanli (equivalent to Zusanli, ST36), Neiting(ST44) and Yishu(Extra) and the medication group, an oral gavage of astragalus polysaccharide (1400 mg/kg). Both groups were treated once daily, for 12 consecutive weeks. After the end of experiment, blood glucose, insulin and resistin were measured, and the expression of Bcl-2 protein in islet b cells was determined by immunohistochemical method. Result Blood glucose, insulin and resistin levels were significantly lower in the acupuncture+medication, acupuncture and medication groups than in the model group. They were significantly lower in the acupuncture+medication group than in the acupuncture and medication groups and significantly lower in the acupuncture group than in the medication group. The expression of Bcl-2 protein in islet b cells was higher in the medication, acupuncture and acupuncture+medication groups than in the model group; there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.01). The expression of Bcl-2 protein was higher in the acupuncture+medication groups than in the medication group (P<0.01) and it was basically the same in the medication group as in the acupuncture group; there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture plus astragalus polysaccharide can significantly reduce blood glucose and serum insulin and resistin levels and increase the expression of Bcl-2 protein in islet b cells to effectively inhibit apoptosis in islet b cells in db/db mice. Its effect is better than that of acupuncture alone or medication.

Objective To compare two methods 3D flash and diffusion-weighted images(DWI)in reconstructing the brain surface anatomy,and to evaluate their displaying ability,advantages,limitations and clinical application.Methods Thrity normal cases were prospectively examined with 3 D flash sequence and echo-planar DWI.Three-dimensional images were acquired with volume-rendering on workstation.Brain surface structures were evaluated and scored by a group of doctors.Results Main structures of brain surface were clearly displayed on three-dimensional images based on 3D flash sequence.Average scores were all above 2.50.For images based on DWI,precentral gyrus,postcentral gyrus,superior parietal lobule, superior frontal gyrus,precentral sulcus,central sulcus,postcentral sulcus,intraparietal sulcus and superior frontal sulcus were best shown with average scores between 2.60-2.75,However,supramarginal gyrus, angular gyurs,middle frontal gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus,superior temporal gyrus,lateral sulcus,inferior frontal sulcus could not be well shown,with average scores between 1.67-2.48.Middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus,superior temporal sulcus and inferior temporal sulcus can only get scores from 0.88 to 1.27.Scores of images based on 3D flash were much higher than that based on DWI with distinct differentiations,P values were all below 0.01.Conclusion Three-dimensional images based on 3D flash can really display brain surface structures.It is very useful for anatomic researches.Three-dimensional reconstruction of brain surface based on DWI is a worthy technique to display brain surface anatomy, especially for frontal and parietal structures.