Objective To retrospectively analyze the results of closed reduction and static trans-articular fixation with unilateral external fixators in the treatment of unstable distal radius fractures.Methods From June 2000 to March 2005,45 patients with 50 unstable distal radius fractures were treated with closed reduction and static transarticular fixation by unilateral external fixators.Their average age was 44.8 years(15 to 78 years).All the fractures were classified with AO-scheme.There were five A3-fractures,four B3-fractures,three C1-fractures,nine C2-fractures and 29 C3-fractures in 24 cases.Follow-ups lasted from 8 to 48 months(averaging 20 months).Results The time of bone healing was 6 to 8 weeks(averaging 7.6 weeks).At the latest follow-up,the radiological outcomes were excellent in 42 fractures(39 patients)and good in eight fractures(six patients)according to the Sarmiento rating system modified by Ste wart et al.The functional results included 37 excellent cases(34 patients),nine good ones(eight patients)and four fair ones(three patients)according to the Gartland-Werley assessment.There were only four cases of superficial pin site infection settled with oral antibiotics and mild disinfectants.Conclusions Closed reduction by manipulation and static transarticular fixation with unilateral external fixators is an effective method to treat severely comminuted distal radius fractures caused by high-energy injury.Radial nerve injury and iatrogenic fracture of the 2nd metacarpal bone can be avoided,pin tract infection and pin loosening can be decreased,and early postoperative mobilization of hand can be facilitated by insertion of external pins at appropriate sites.It is unnecessary to apply supplementary bone grafting to promote bone healing.

Objective To study the short-term outcome of transforaminal posterolateral endoscopic discectomy and radiofrequency annuloplasty in patients with discogenic low back pain. Methods A total of 25 patients with discogenic low back pain,who were diagnosed by provocative discography,received transforaminal posterolateral endoscopic discectomy and radiofrequency annuloplasty in our hospital. The VAS scores determined before and 6 months after the operation were compared in the patients. Their MacNab scores were also evaluated at 6 months postoperation. Results After the surgery,2 patients who had ruptured intervertebral discs (L5-S1) developed sunburn syndrome,and then was relieved by pulsed electrical stimulation for one week. The patients were followed up for 6-10 months,during which no other postoperative complications occurred. The mean VAS score of this series decreased significantly after the treatment,and kept being reduced in 6 months [preoperation:6.24?0.97,1,3,6 months after the operation:0(0~2); Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test,H=61.680,P=0.000]. Four patients showed lower limbs pain before the treatment and were relieved after the surgery. The evaluation of MacNab score showed excellent in 11 pateints,good in 12,and fair in 2,suggesting an effective rate of 92.0%(23/25). Conclusions Transforaminal posterolateral endoscopic discectomy plus radiofrequency annuloplasty is effective for discogenic low back pain in a short term.

Purpose: Comprehensively assess the role of prognostic and predictive factors and set up a mathematical model to evaluate prognosis and to help the decision of adjuvant therapy. Methods: All prognostic indicator and therapeutic modalities have been performed, mutivariate survival analyses was done by Cox regression. The split-group method was used to construct the mathematical model for prognosis. Results: In multivariate analysis, the factors including age, tumor size, overexpression of Her-2, the interaction between ER status and endocrine therapy (ER ET), and chemotherapy can independently predict prognosis. Finally, the mathematical model acquired is PS = Size + Her2 -2. 5 x age - CT -0. 55 x ( ET x ER). Conclusions: According to PI of individuals, the different risks of failure can been distinguished.

Objective To analyze retrospectively the results of closed reduction and static transarticular fixation with unilateral external fixators in the treatment of severely comminuted distal radius fractures caused by high-energy injuries. Methods From June 2000 to June 2003, 20 patients with 24 severely comminuted distal radius fractures were treated with closed reduction and static transarticular fixation with unilateral external fixator. The injuries involved 16 males and 4 females, the age of the patients was from 15 to 48 years (average 33.4 years). All fractures were classified as Frykman's type Ⅷ or AO type C3. The operative technique consisted of reduction of the fractures by manipulation or assisted with the external fixator, then fixed them statically. The mean duration of the union was 7.4 weeks (ranged from 6-8 weeks). After the fixator removal, the patients were encouraged to proceed for the rehabilitations, such as the elbow flexion-extension, radial abduction, ulnar adduction, and the pronation as well as the supination of the forearm. Results All patients were available at the final follow-up, the mean duration was 16 months (range, 6-42 months). At the last examination, the radiological manifestations revealed excellent in 21 fractures (17 patients) and good in 3 (3 patients) according to the Sarmiento scoring system (modified by Stewart); and the functional results displaied excellent in 16 (13 patients), good in 6 (5 patients) and fair in 2 (2 patients) according to Gartland-Werley functional assessment system. There were only 2 cases of superficial pin site infection cured with oral antibiotics and local care with mild disinfectants. 7 obvious defect of mataphysis occurred in 5 patients, but the fractures united simultaneously without any additional treatment. And there was no any complication, such as pin tract infection, fixator loosening, iatrogenic fracture and injury of the superficial radial nerve. Conclusion The technique of closed reduction by manipulations or external fixators combined with static transarticular fixation plus unilateral external fixators is an effective method for the treatment of severely comminuted distal radius fracture caused by high-energy injuries, such as falling from the height. It is unnecessary to apply supplementary bone grafts to promote bone healing. The complications can be avoided by selecting the right sites for the insertion of the pins, which is beneficial for the hand to mobilize earlier after operation.

Objective To observe and evaluate clinical therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on malignant tumor. Methods 20 patients of malignant tumors of different nature and different stages were subjected to PDT or PDT-predominant comprehensive therapy. All the patients were followed-up, and the clinical results were analyzed. Results Among these patients, 3 tumors at early stage showed complete remission (CR), and no relapse was found in the follow-up period. Among the 17 cases with tumors in advanced stage, CR was seen in 9 cases, PR in 8, and 3 patients died of causes other than PDT after 1-6 months of follow-up. Conclusion PDT shows a curative effect on malignant tumors in early stage, and fairly good therapeutic effect on those in advanced stage. It is one of the optional treatments for malignant tumors.

ObjectiveTo introduce the design of the instrument for percutaneous posterolateral foraminoplasty and analyze long-term outcomes of percutaneous foraminoplasty and transforaminal endoscopic discectomy in the treatment of non-contained lumbar disc herniation.MethodsFifty-six patients with noncontained lumbar disc herniation confirmed by symptom,physical sign and concordant imaging underwent percutaneous foraminoplasty and transforaminal endoscopic discectomy,including 7 cases of L3-4,30 of L4-5 and 19 of L5S1.The visual analogue scales(VAS) of pre- and post-operative low back pain and sciatica were compared,and the Macnab scores were also evaluated.ResultsAll of the procedures were performed successfully,with mean operation time of 60 min(range,40-120 min),and a mean blood loss of 30 ml (range,20-50 ml).The follow-up time was more than 36 months.Postoperative VAS of low back pain and sciatica were significantly decreased compared with preoperative VAS (P＜0.01).There were 44 cases of excellent,10of good,and 2 of fair according to Macnab score system,with total successful rate (excellent and good) up to 96.4％.Only 5 cases with L5S1 disc herniation were found complicated with sun-burn syndrome,which were relieved by pulsed electro-stimulant therapy for 1 week.ConclusionPercutaneous foraminoplasty and transforaminal endoscopic discectomy is an effective and safe minimally invasive treatment alternative for non-contained lumbar disc herniation.

Purpose To study the MRI manifestations of hippocampus with acute injury in children with epilepsy, and to explore its causes and outcomes for a better understanding of the changes of hippocampal structure with acute injury.Materials and Methods The clinical and imaging data of 8 children with epilepsy whose hippocampus showed hyperintensity in DWI were retrospectively analyzed. The bilateral hippocampal volume and ADC values were measured; changes of hippocampal volume and T2WI signal and ADC value were also analyzed.Results Eight patients were clinically diagnosed as epilepsy, 7 cases had recurrent history of seizures. MRI was performed from 1 to 5 days after the onset of epilepsy. All the 8 patients had increased unilateral hippocampal volume, 6 of whom were on the left side and the other 2 were on the right side. The affected ipsilateral hippocampal volume was significantly higher than that on the contralateral side [(2.096±0.570) cm3 and (1.768±0.447) cm3, respectively,t=-4.763,P<0.01]. The signals increased on T2WI and FLAIR; DWI showed hyperintensity with increase by approximately 25.52%. The affected ipsilateral ADC value was significantly lower than the contralateral one [(0.763±0.049)×10-3 mm2/s and (0.859±0.054)×10-3 mm2/s, respectively, t=9.598,P<0.01]. No abnormalities were found in bilateral hippocampus when 3 patients underwent MRI due to febrile convulsions and seizures before the onset of epilepsy. The affected ipsilateral hippocampal volume reduced in 3 patients after 3 to 5 months;signal was still high on T2WI and FLAIR; ADC values increased by 15.6%, the imaging results indicated hippocampal sclerosis.Conclusion Epilepsy can cause acute injury in hippocampus which demonstrates hippocampus swelling, signal increase on T2WI, and reduced ADC value and may lead to hippocampal sclerosis.

Objective To explore skeletal‐related events (SREs) clinical factors and analysis prognosis factors on patients with non‐small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) with bone metastases .Methods We collected clinical data of pathology confirmed 383 patients with non‐small cell lung cancer between April 2007 and January 2007 in the third affiliated hospital of the third military medical uni‐versity .It was used to screening for Emission Computed Tomography (ECT ) for bone metastases .And then it was need to con‐firmed for CT ,MRI or PET‐CT or pathology .Statistics in patients between clinical features and the SREs prediction factor with Univariate and Multivariate .And Kaplan‐Meier method analysis of survival in the non‐small cell lung cancer patients with bone me‐tastases .Results Out of 383 patients with bone metastases ,178 patients with SREs .The incidence was 46 .5% .Univariate analysis showed that women ,adenocarcinoma ,never smoking history ,single bone metastases ,bisphosphonate therapy ,targeted therapy in patients with bone metastases are less likely to have SREs ,it was considered statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Multivariate analy‐sis showed multiple bone metastases and no bisphosphonate therapy is independent risk factors for SREs .Median survival time was 14 .5 months in non‐small cell lung cancer patients with bone metastases ,1 year survival rate was 46 .5% ,2 years survival rate was 15 .9% .The survival analysis shows that more bisphosphonate treatment and bisphosphonate with EGFR‐TKI therapy on the prog‐nosis of patients with statistically significance (P<0 .05) .Conclusion It was likely to occur SREs in NSCLC patients with bone metastases .No bisphosphonate and multiple bone metastases are independent risk factors for SREs .Bisphosphonate treatment may prevent or reduce occur SREs for NSCLC patients with bone metastases ,and it may prolong survival ,it speculated that bisphospho‐nate may have resistant NSCLC cell activity .

Objectives To investigate the risk factors of acute renal injury (acute kidney injury) in patients with acute left heart failure.Methods Clinical data of 188 patients with acute left heart failure who were admitted to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors for AKI.Results Among 188 patients with acute left heart failure,incidence of acute kidney injury was 33.51％.Univariate and Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that the independent predictors of acute kidney injury were lower baseline eGFR (OR=4.294,P ＜ 0.001) and anemia (OR=3.573,P=0.006).Conclusions The incidence of acute left heart failure complicated with AKI was high.Basic state of renal function and anemia were the independent risk factors for AKI.