Objective:To get the message of clinical epidemiologic characteristics of gynecomastia in adolescent or the young males.Methods:The statistic software of SPSS was used to analyze the 1998 male graduates investigated in the study with the questionnaire.Results:①71.4% people had experienced gynecomastia ever in the past years,with onset of illness(12.6?1.9)years;last time(1.33?0.52)years;23.9% displayed widespread enlargement and 76.1% showed lump.80.1% displayed the diameter of 1~2cm.87.6% were bilateral enlargement and 5.7% in left,6.7% in right,71.2% accompanied with tenderness and 21.7% with nipple discharge.The rate of self-extinction was 97.8%.②98 of 1998(4.15%)male patients have gynecomastia now.With onset of illness(mean age 13.31?2.24),last time (mean4.30?4.83),the diameter of breast(7.9?4.8)cm,areola of breast(2.5?1.2)cm.27(32.5%)displayed widespread enlargement and 56(67.5%)showed lump.Other causes of gynecomastia include 65(78.6%)were bilateral enlargement and 10(12.1%)in left,8(9.3%)in right,18(21.6%)accompanied with tenderness and 13(15.7%)with nipple discharge.③The incidence of a disease,rate of self-extinction,last time,enlargement area and the tenderness of touch showed a sigernificent difference in the groups of adolescent and young males with gynecomastia(P

Objective:To investigate the the effect of CD151 on Akt-Ser473 and human umbilical veine endothelial cell proliferation.Methods:To construct pAAV-CD151 and transiently transfect to HUVEC(human umbilical veine endothelical) mediated with Lipofectamine 2000.HUVEC were assigned to control group,GFP group,CD151 group.After transfection,the expression of CD151,Akt and phospho-Akt were measured by western blot.Proliferation of HUVEC were measured by MTT colorimetric assay.Results:①The expression of CD151,phospho-Akt of pAAV-CD151 transfected group were significantly increased compared with non-transfected group and pAAV-GFP transfected group(P

Objective To investigate the effects of CD151 on the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K) and the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) in vitro.Methods The plasmid p-AAV-CD151 was constructed and transfected into HUVEC.The proliferation activity of HUVEC was measured by MTT colorimetric assay.The expressions of CD151 and PI3K were tested by Western Blot.Results After transfection with p-AAV-CD151,the expressions of CD151 and PI3K were significantly increased compared with those of non-transfected group and p-AAV-GFP transfected group(P

Objective To analyze the effects of information literacy on participation in scientific research for medical students.Methods The self-administered questionnaire was used to survey the general characteristics,information literacy,participation in scientific research projects of junior college students,undergraduates,and graduate students who majored in medical specialties such as clinical medicine.The participation in scientific research includes the following statuses:those who did not participate in any project (group A),those only participating in the teachers' projects (group B),the team members of college students' projects (group C),and the leaders of college students' projects (group D).The data were tested using x2 test,one-way analysis of variance,and multinomial logistic regression analysis in SPSS 17.0 for windows.Results The survey recycled 1 236 copies of effective questionnaires.About 39.6％ (489/1 236) students participated in scientific research.The scores of information consciousness,information ability,and information morality,and total scores had statistically significant differences among the four groups (P=0.000).The scores of information ability and total scores of group D (n=73) were higher than those of group A (n=747),B (n=93),and C (n=323) (P＜0.05),respectively.With group A as a reference category,the scores of information ability of group D,C,and B had statistically significant partial regression coefficients (P=0.005,P=0.000,P=0.000,respectively),as well as total scores (all P=0.000).Conclusion High information literacy may be one of factors that promote students to participate in college students' scientific research projects.Various comprehensive measures should be taken to cultivate students' information literacy and improve students' scientific research ability.

Objective To explore the changes of the peak pressure of tympanogrom in the first year before and after radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) and observe its effect to audition.Methods Acoustic immittance and audiometry were used to detect 64 ears of NPC patients at regular intervals (before, during,at the end of rediotherapy and 6,12 months after radiotherapy). The data were collected and analyzed with statistic methods. Results There were 9 ears with secretory otitis media after radiotherapy. The peak pressure of tympanogrom of other 55 ears was negative at the beginning of radiation, reached highest at the end of radiotherapy,the average was -30(-100, 5.0) daPa.Compared with the peak pressure of tympanogrom before radiation, there was significant statistic difference ( P =0.001). The peak pressure reached to the level of pre-radiation 12 months after radiation, 5.0(-2.5,10.0) daPa. The 2.0 kHz audiometric threshold of bone conduction was 21.4?5.7 dB in 55 ears, compared with the audiometric threshold before radiation, there was evident statistic difference (P

Objective To analyze the effects of medical undergraduates' creativity tendency on participation in scientific research.Methods The self-administered questionnaire was used to survey the general characteristics,Williams creativity tendency,participation in scientific research projects of the junior students who majored in 10 medical specialties such as clinical medicine.The participation in scientific research includes the following statuses:those who do not participate in the scientific research project(NPSR,group A),those only participating in the teachers' scientific research project (PTSR,group B),those participating in college students' scientific research project as team members (TMSR,group C),and those participating in college students' scientific research project as project leaders(PLSR,group D).The differences of four dimensions scores and total scores of creativity tendency among four groups were tested using one-way analysis of variance.The effects of creativity tendency on participation in scientific research were tested with multinomial logistic regression analysis.Results The survey recycled 2 286 copies of effective questionnaires.About 39.1％(894/2 286) students participated in scientific research.The students were divided into A group(n=1 392),B group (n=108),C group(n=626),D group(n=160).The scores of adventure,curiosity,imagination,chal lenge and total scores had statistically significant differences among the four groups(P=0.000).The scores of adventure,curiosity,challenge and total scores of group C and D were higher than those of group A(P＜0.05),respectively.With NPSR as a reference category,the scores of adventure(P=0.011),imagination (P=0.023),challenge (P=0.025) of PLSR had statistically significant partial regression coefficients,and the scores of adventure(P=0.009),curiosity(P=0.002) of TMSR had statistically significant partial regression coefficients.Conclusion High creativity tendency may be one of influencing factors that promote students to participate in college students' scientific research project.Various comprehensive measures should be taken to cultivate students' creativity and improve students' scientific research ability.

Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the infection characteristic of Toxoplasma gondii (TOX),Rubella virus (RV),Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Herpes simplex virus Ⅱ type (HSV-Ⅱ) (TORCH) infection in neonate in Tianjin area.Methods TOX-IgM/IgG,RV-IgM/IgG,CMV-IgM/IgG and HSV-Ⅱ-IgM/IgG were detected in serum of 2 273 neonate during 2015～2016 with enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The positive rates of TOX IgM,RV-IgM,CMV-IgM and HSV-Ⅱ-IgM were 0.00％(0/2 273),0.00％(0/2 273),0.88％(20/2 273) and 0.00％(0/2 273),respectively and those of TOX-IgG,RV-IgG,CMV-IgG and HSV-Ⅱ-IgG were 3.65％ (83/2 273),86.45％ (1 965/2 273),95.82％(2 178/2 273) and 8.27％(188/2 273),respectively.There was 0.66％ percent (15/2 273) of examinees who were infected by none of TORCH pathogens.There existed significant statistical difference for positive rate between TOX-IgG,RV-IgG,CMV-IgG and HSV-Ⅱ-IgG (x2 =6.747,P =0.000) with consequence of the highest positive rate being CMV-IgG.The positive rates of TOX-IgG and CMV-IgM in neonate of 2016 were significantly less than those in 2015 (x2 =5.789～7.505,P=0.006～0.016) but that of HSV-Ⅱ-IgG of 2016 was statistically higher than that in 2015 (x2 =6.073,P =0.014).The positive rate of CMV-IgM in male neonate in 2015 was significantly higher than that in 2016 (x2 =5.054,P =0.025).As a whole the positive rates of TOX-IgG,RV-IgG,CMV-IgG and HSV-Ⅱ IgG had no differences between different years,so did those between gender groups (x2 =2.23～6.963,P=0.073～0.526).The positive rates of TOX-IgG,RV IgG,CMV-IgG and HSV-Ⅱ-IgG in female neonate in 2015 were statistically different from those in 2016 (x2 =8.247,P =0.041).The female neonate in 2015 had higher infection proportion of TOX-IgG compared with that in 2016 (x2 =6.992,P=0.008).TORCH infection detected in 2 273 cases of neonate had one pathogen infection and multi-pathogen infection with overall six patterns of TORCH infection and all infection patterns had no relationship with year and gender,respectively (P＞0.05).Conclusion RV and CMV were primary pathogens in TORCH infection for neonate in Tianjin area and there were recent infections by CMV.TORCH infection varied in different years and gender groups,which provided experimental data and basis for epidemiology and prevention of TORCH in neonate.

To investigate whether HIV3B and HIV Ada-M can infect cultured human dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, organotypic and dissociated human fetal DRG cell culture models were established. On the 14th day, organotypic cultured DRG explants were exposed to HIV3B or HIV Ada-M for another 14 days. Outgrowth and morphology of neurites were observed with phase contrast microscope at different time of cultured age. On the 3rd day, dissociated cultured DRG cells were exposed to HIV3B or HIV Ada-M for another 3 days. After that, dissociated DRG cells were processed for microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) labeling and observed with fluorescent microscopy. DRG explants on the 28th day and dissociated DRG cells on the 6th day, the samples were processed for electronic microscopic observation. Both organotypic and dissociated DRG cultures were cultured continuously in culture media as controls. Immature HIV-like particles were found in organotypic cultured DRG neurons. Many HIV-like particles were found in dissociated cultured DRG neurons. HIV infection could not cause morphological and ultrastruc( )l alterations on both organotypic and dissociated cultured DRG neurons. These discoveries will be valuable for studies on pathogenic (mee)hanisms of HIV infection and/or HIV associated peripheral neuropathies.

To investigate the effects of didannsine(ddI)on the morphological alterations of dorsal root ganglion(DRG)neurons,dissoci-ated DRG cells from rat embryo were studied.DRG cells were cultured for 3 days and then treated with ddI for additional 3 claysin differ-ent concentrations(1μg/ml,5 μg/ml,10μg/ml and 20 μg/ml,respectively).Afarthat,DRG cells were processedformicrotubule as-soeiated protein 2(MAP2)labeling and observed under confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM).The results showed that both thenumber and length of neurites of the DRG cells after exposed to ddl significantly down-regulated in a dose-dependentmanner compared withcontrol group,thus suggesting that ddI may have inhibitory effects on neufite regeneration and outgrowth in dissociated DRG cultures.

Objective To compare and analyze the index variation of Yang deficiency mice induced by hydrocortisone in different way of administration and dose. Methods The mice model of Yang deficiency were induced by low dose and high dose hydrocortisone(12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg) in two ways of intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection. The symptoms, body weight, the average intake, the index of stress and the coefficient of sex organs and immune organs of animals were observed. Results In the way of intraperitoneal injection, the weight(24.52±3.29)g, body temperature(35.24±0.32)℃ of high dose of model group were significantly lower than that of control group(31.10±6.11)g,(37.02±0.64)℃. The average intake of low dose group(4.30 ± 0.29)g/(per?d) was lower than control group(7.38±0.53)g/(per?d), and the coefficient of preputial glands(0.10±0.02), penis(0.15±0.03), thymus(0.12±0.03)were lower than that of control group. In the way of intramuscular injection, the average intake of high dose group(5.92±2.01)g/(per?d) was lower than control group(8.60±1.33)g/(per?d). The body temperature(34.90±0.22)℃ and the time of swimming in low temperature (34.00±22.41)s of low dose model group were lower than that of control group(36.43±0.91)℃, (67.17±21.93)s, and the coefficient of thymus of two model groups(0.10±0.02),(0.11±0.06)were lower than that of control group. Conclusion Various dose and model establishment methods of Yang deficiency mice have different the time of symptom appearing, the degree of symptom and sensitive index.