Objective To investigate the correlation between levels of erythrocyte natrium(EN),magnesium(EM),adenosine triphosphate enzyme(Na + K + ATPase,Ca 2+ Mg 2+ ATPase) activity versus urine natrium(UN),urine endogenous digitalis like substances(UEDLS) change in patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI) Methods 35 patients with ACI were measured in UEDLS,the changes of UN,erythrocyte membrane ATPase activity,and levels EN,EM,and compared with the normal controls Results Levels of UN,UEDLS,EN were significantly elevated( P

Objective To explore the factors affecting the duration of secondary prophylaxis for penicilliosis marneffei in patients with acquired immunodeflciency syndrome (AIDS).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted.The study included 92 adult patients with AIDS and penicilliosis mameffei which were confirmed at the Guangxi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Medecins Sans Frontieres clinic.The patients were divided into two groups based on the counts of CD4+ T cells at the time of discontinuation of secondary prophylaxis with itraconazole.The patients with a CD4+ lymphocyte count ＞ or =200 × 106 cells/L at the discontinuation of secondary prophylaxis were assigned to Group Ⅰ,and those with a CD4+ lymphocyte count ranging from 100 × 106 to 200 × 106 cells/L to Group Ⅱ.The treatment duration and clinical outcome were compared between the two groups,and factors which might affect the duration of secondary prophylaxis,including organ involvement,complications,antifungal regimen,antiviral treatment timing,and so on,were assessed.The SPSS 13.0 ~ftware package was used for statistical analysis.Results All the 92 patients received highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).No significant difference was observed in the sex ratio,age,follow up duration,number of organs involved,occurrence of complications,composition and duration of antifungal treatment regimens between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).The duration of secondary prophylaxis was significantly shorter in Group Ⅱ than in Group Ⅰ (8.13 ± 5.13 vs.12.44 ± 9.51 months,P＜0.05).The commencement of HAART after the treatment of penicilliosis,coinfection with other pathogens or mycobacterium tuberculosis were associated with a longer duration of secondary prophylaxis,and the influence degree of these factors decreased in order,whereas the commencement of HAART before the treatment of penicilliosis was associated with a shorter secondary prophylaxis (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions For AIDS/PSM patients receiving HAART,secondary prophylaxis could be discontinued 3 to 6 months after the CD4 +lymphocyte count restores to 100 × 106 cells/L or more.The duration of secondary prophylaxis may be extended by the commencement of HAART after the treatment of penicilliosis,coinfection with other pathogens or mycobacterium tuberculosis,but shortened by the commencement of HAART before the treatment of penicilliosis.

Cultivation of Medical Humanism Spirit has special value in the teaching of psychiatry,but which was ignored in the teaching. This paper explored the way to integrate humanistic spirit education into the teaching process of psychiatry.

Background & Objective: The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has a central role in the pathogenesis of migraine, but variations in CGRP-related genes, including the calcitonin gene-related polypeptide-alpha (CALCA) gene and the receptor activity modifying 1 (RAMP1) gene, have not been found to link with migraine in Australian population. The goals of this study were to determine whether variants in the two genes are related to migraine in Chinese population. Methods: Using a case-control approach, rs3781719 and rs145837941 in the CALCA gene and rs3754701 and rs7590387 at the RAMP1 locus was analyzed in a cohort of 504 migraine cases and 529 ethnically matched controls. Genotyping was performed using Sequenom MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry iPLEX platform. Results: The CALCA gene rs145837941 variant was not found in migraine or control group. No significant difference in genotypic and allelic distribution was observed in the other three polymorphisms between migraine cases and controls. All the three SNPs were also not selected as significant factors that independently contributed to susceptibility to migraine in multivariate analysis. In the subgroup analysis, the CALCA rs3781719 seemed to be a significant risk for migraine with aura, but was not statistically significant after FDR correction. Moreover, there was no synergistic relationship between the three SNPs in the multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis for explore locus–locus interactions. Conclusion: Our data suggested that variants in CALCA gene and RAMP1 gene were not associated with migraine in the Han-Chinese population.
Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Migraine Disorders

Objective To investigate the changes of fractalkine (FKN) in rat model of acute liver failure (ALF) and the role of FKN in liver inflammatory injury.Methods SD rats were divided into tWO groups:6 in normal group and 36 in model group.D-galactosamine(D-Gal) was used to induce ALF in model group.The sera and hepatic tissue samples were collected at 12,24,48,72,120 andl68 h.After D-Gal injection.FKN mRNA and nuclear factor(NF)-kB mRNA in hepatic tissue samples were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) at 12 h were(208.3±43.5)U/L and (375.2±117.3)lJ/L,respectively,which were both significantly higher than those in normal group[(31.8±2.9)U/L and (90.8±3.1)U/L](t=-9.912 and-5.935,respectively,both P<0.01);the levels of ALT and AST peaked at 72 h after D-Gal injection.The levels of FKN mRNA(O.086±0.009)in model group at 12 h were significantly higher than those (O.044±0.009) in normal group(t=-7.999.P<0.01),and peaked at 72 h (O.333±0.033),then decreased obviously at 120 h. The levels of NF-KB mRNA in the liver of normal rats were very little;and the levels in model group were increased gradually over time,then peaked at 72 h (O.583±0.i01,t=-12.607,P<0.01).FKN mRNA and NF0kB mRNA were positively correlated (r=0.760,P<0.01).Conclusion The FKN expression may play all important role in liver inflammatory injury in rat model of acute liver failure, which could provide a new approach for ALF therapy.

Objective To evaluate the treatment effect of acute liver failure(ALF) by xeno-transplantation of co-microencapsulated Sertoli cells and hepatocytes and the intraperitoneal immune privilege effects of Sertoli cells on hepatocytes. Methods ALF rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine and, thereafter, were treated with physical saline, free hepatocytes, microencapsulated hepatocytes, or co-microencapsulated Sertoli cells and hepatocytes (CMSH), respectively. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBil) were detected in rats' blood samples from various groups. Expression of Smac/Diablo and caspase-3 were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Fifteen rats in each group were used for survival rate analysis. The intraperitoneal microencapsules were observed and lymphocytes in ascites were counted. The data were analyzed by multi-factor or single factor analysis of variance and the comparison between groups was done by t test. Results In CMSH treatment group, ALT level decreased to (533.7 ± 76.5) U/L, AST level decreased to (381.2 5± 46.7) U/L after 48 h. TBil level reduced to (7.36 ± 2.18) μmol/L after 72 h. Albumin level increased to (28.4±2.5) g/L after 48 h. All these values were significantly different from those in other groups (F=10.7,6.5,12.2,8.4;P＜0.05). The expression levels of Smae/Diablo and caspase-3 mRNA at 48 h and 72 h were lower in CMSH group than in other groups (F=3.7,4.8,3.6,4.2; P＜0.05). Survival rates in microencapsulated hepatocytes group and CMSH group were similar while both of them were higher than other groups. Microencapsules neither in microencapsulated hepatocytes group nor in CMSH group were adhered to intraperitoneal mucosa. Lymphocyte counts in ascites of CMSH group were lower than those in microencapsulated hepatocytes group (t= 4.21, P＜0. 05). Conclusions Intraperitoneal transplantation with CMSH is a promising approach for ALF treatment. Furthermore, Sertoli cells can help reduce lymphocytes' aggregation caused by encapsulated hepatocytes in ascites.

Objective To evaluate the anatomic localization and size of acute necrotic myocardium in the ischemic-reperfused rat hearts using 99m TC-Glucarate and microSPECT/CT.Methods The ischemic-reperfused ( IR) rat heart models were established by ligating left anterior descending coronary artery for 60 min.99mTC-Glucarate was intravenously injected into the rats 24 hours after IR operations .Images were acquired 30 min after administration of 99m TC-Glucarate using microSPECT/CT. Anatomic localization and size of acute necrotic myocardium were analyzed with microSPECT/CT imaging , and these results were compared to those determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride ( TTC ) staining.Results The microSPECT/CT images showed hot spot accumulations of 99mTC-Glucarate in IR hearts (the heart-to-liver ratio was 1.90 ±0.33), not in controls (P <0.05).The anatomic localization of 99mTC-Glucarate-labeled necrotic myocardium were in correspondence with TTC staining results .The hot spot size was related significantly to necrotic myocardial size determined by TTC staining ( R2 =0.964 ) .Conclusions The localization and size of acute necrotic myocardium can be assessed by non-invasive microSPECT/CT imaging with99m Tc-Glucarate.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of combined therapy of Fuyuan Huoxue decoction and transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization in the treatment of primary hepatic carcinoma. Methods 80 patients with primary hepatic carcinoma were randomly divided into a control group, treated by transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization, and a treatment group, additionally treated by Fuyuan Huoxue decoction on the basis of the control group. By observing the change of gross tumor volume、tumor markers、clinical symptoms、Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS) score、quality of life and so on,compare the clinical effects and quality of life between the two groups. Results The effective rate of solid tumor was 47.50%and 35%in the treatment and the control group respectively, with no significant difference(χ2=-1.229, P>0.05);The total effect rate was 87.50%and 32.50%in the treatment and the control group respectively, with significant difference(χ2=-5.633, P<0.05);The rate of patients merged with portal vein tumor thrombus whose cancer embolus narrowed more than 1/2 after the treatment was 78.95%and 33.33%in the treatment and the control group respectively, with significant difference(χ2=7.836, P<0.05);The rate of alpha fetoprotein(AFP) decreasing or turning negative was 78.95%and 37.83%after the treatment in the treatment and the control group respectively, with significant difference(χ2=-3.857, P<0.05);Both groups have improvement in Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS) score after the treatment, the ratios was 80% and 72.50% in the treatment and the control group respectively, with no significant difference(χ2=-1.203, P>0.05);The accumulated scores change of quality of life(QOL) has asignificant difference(χ2=-3.025, P<0.05) between the two groups after the treatment. Conclusion The combined therapy of Fuyuan Huoxue decoction and transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization can alleviate the clinical symptoms, improve treatment effects and quality of life of patients with primary hepatic carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the Video?Electroencephalography(VEEG)characteristics and abnormal rate among healthy elderly. Meth?ods According to the age,120 healthy elders were divided into groups A,B,and C. Group A has 57 subjects,aged 60?69 years old;group B has 42 people,aged 70?79 years;group C has 21 individuals,aged≥80 years. Chi square and Rank sum test were used to calculate abnormal rate of VEEG. Additionally,characteristics of alpha、slow wave and Iconic sleep wave were analyzed. Result The total abnormal rate of VEEG was 42.5%, and it was particularly high(76.2%)among elderly over 80s. Frequency,amplitude,reactivity of Alpha wave and alpha index decreased as age in?creased. Theta slow wave increased as age increased,abnormal frontal area theta showed an increase among elderly over 80 s. Each sleep cycle iconic sleep wave was gradually decreased in the elderly. No statistical difference was found about sleep spindles and vertex sharp among different groups . Positive occipital sharp transients of sleep(POSTS)decreased as age increased. There was no POSTS among elderly over 80 s. Conclusion Our re?sults showed that abnormal rate is increased in the elderly,while reactivity variation,slow alpha frequency,alpha amplitude,alpha index are de?creased. In addition,the slow waves in frontal area is increased,. sleep cycles becomes less distinct,and the typical wave are decreased.

Objective To study the relationship between Nogo-B and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad2 signaling pathway in mice models of hepatic fibrosis.Methods Twenty four healthy male ICR mice were divided into two groups,with 6 in the control group and 18 in the model group.Mice in the model group were further divided into three subgroups according to different time points:subgroups of 4,8 and 12 weeks,with 6 mice in each subgroup.Hepatic fibrosis of mice was induced by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).The histopathologic changes of the liver were observed by optical microscope using hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome stainings of the liver tissues.Expressions of Nogo-B,Smad2 and TGF-β1 mRNA and proteins in liver were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),Western blot and immunohistochemistry assays,respectively.Means among groups were compared by univariate analysis of variance.Results The hepatic fibrosis models were successfully induced by CCl4 injection.The expressions of two subtypes of Nogo-B,Nogo-B1 and Nogo-B2 mRNA in normal livers were 0.140±0.050 and 0.104±0.023,but both significantly increased in the livers of mice in the 12 week model subgroup (1.054±0.040 and 0.500±0.057,F=431.41 and 135.46,respectively; both P＜0.01).The Nogo-B protein was mainly expressed in nonparenchymal cells of the liver,and was hardly expressed in hepatocytes.Linear correlation analysis showed that the expressions of Nogo-B mRNA and proteins were positively correlated with Smad2 and TGF-β1 mRNA and proteins (all P＜0.01),which were considered to participate in the signaling pathway of hepatic fibrosis.Conclusion Nogo-B might play a role in the development and progression of hepatic fibrosis by participating in TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway.