Objective To modify the techniques for establishment of an abdominal working heart transplantation model in rats and to sum up the key factors to success.Methods A total of 180 12-week old Brown Norway rats ( donor) and Lewis rats ( recipient) were used in this study:50 BN rats and 50 Lewis rats for pilot experiment, and 40 BN rats and 50 Lewis rats for the formal experiment.The rat model of working heart heterotopic transplantation was adopted and estab-lished by Wiedemann’ s mode.We transplanted the heart from BN rats to Lewis rats and analyzed the survival rate, causes of death and histological changes of the heart ( HE staining) in this experiment.Results After exercise and modification, the survival rate was increased to 77.5%, and the mean total duration of operation was 71 ±11 min, and the mean ische-mic time of the donor hearts was 34 ±5 min.Histological examination ( HE staining) of the cardiac allograft showed a mild inflammatory cell infiltration in the graft at 24 h after transplantation, indicating that the model was reliable.Conclusions A variety of factors may affect the final operation success rate in the establishment of this heart transplantation model.A-mong them, the major affecting factors include: healthy animals, donor heart protection, rapid and effective vascular su-ture, and postoperative animal management.

Objective To explore the mixed infection of bacteria and viruses of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. Methods A total of 204 children with CAP were tested for sputum bacteria, viruses and atypical pathogen, and children with bronchoscope indications were performed with bronchoscope for alveolar lavage (BAL), and the BAL lfuid (BALF) was subjected to quantitative culture and intracellular bacteria detection. All the children were given antimicrobial sequential therapy. Results There were 153 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated in 122 cases, the detection rate was 59.80%(122/204). Thirty cases were found with mixed bacterial and viral infections. BAL was performed on 70 cases, positive lavage germiculture were detected in 8 cases, of theses BALF specimen inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) positivity were found in 5 cases. Using BALF quantitative culture as control, the sensitivity of ICOS in the diagnosis of CAP was 37.50%and the speciifcity was 96.77%. In 30 cases of mixed infection with bacteria and viruses, 27 cases were younger than 5 years old, accounting for 90.00%. Duration of fever greater than 10 d in mixed infection group of children (43.33%, 13/30) was higher than that of the non-mixed infection group (23.12%, 40/173) (P??0.05). Average hospitalization time in children with mixed infection (13.5+1.5) d was higher than that with non-mixed infection (8.6+1.1) d (P?

Objective To observe learning and memory behavior changes of one time cerebral concussion called pure cerebral concussion(PCC)and three times cerebral concussion called multiple cerebral concussion (MCC)after injured 24 days in rats.Methods A metallic pendulum striker device was deployed to duplicate PCC and MCC model in SD rata which were the complete closed head injury model.The animals were divided into PCC and MCC groups at random.One control group was used,each group has eight animals(n=8).One 8-arms radial maze was used to assessed each animal's capabilities,that is,spatial reference memory,working memory,spirited activity and take in food.Results Compared with control group,there were some significance(P＜0.05)in both experiment groups post injury,that was,(1)The food intake decreased,PCC group from the 1st to the 11th day(from 0.00±0.00 to 2.62±1.76)after injury,MCC group from the 1st day to the 24th day(from 0.00±0.00 to 0.75±1.48)after injury.(2)Spirited activity depressed,PCC group on the 1st to the 7th,13rd day(from 4.87±1.24 to 10.0±2.39)after injury,MCC group on the 1st to 8th,22nd day(from 4.25±5.03 to 9.37±4.20)after injury.(3)The spatial reference memory was lower in early then gradually increased,PCC group on the 1 st to 7th day(from 0.50±0.75 to 3.O0±1.06)after injury,MCC group from the 1st to 19th day(from 1.88±2.10 to 2.50±2.44)after injury.(4)The working memory was delaying damaged,PCC group from the 1st to the 6th day and the 10th to the 23rd day(from 0.00±0.00 to 4.25±3.05)after injury,MCC group on the 1～4th,6th,9～13th,15th,16th,19th～22nd day(from 0.25±0.46 to 3.12±2.87)after injury.Conclusion The injured rata'capability of spatial reference memory,working memory,spirited activity and food intake were obviously damaged after CC,and the MCC group's capability of spatial reference memory,spirited activity and food intake was worse than PCC group.

Objective To observe the effect of the 8-word bandage on the walking ability of stroke patients with knee hyperextension. Methods Fifty patients with stroke combined with knee hyperextension were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 25 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional methods, including Bobath technology, Brunnstrom therapy and motor relearning primarily rehabilitation training. In addition to the conventional methods, patients in the observation group used 8-word bandage to fix knee joint in walking training. Before and after 8 weeks of treatment, Holden walking function classification, 10-meter maximum walking speed and improved Barthel index were adopted to evaluate the walking ability, maximum walking speed and the life ability of the patients. Results There were no significant differences in the scores before treatment between the two groups. The Holden walking function classification, the 10-meter maximum walking speed and the Barthel index scores were significantly improved after 8-week treatment in both two groups (P<0.05), and patient conditions were more significantly improved in the observation group than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Using 8-word bandage to fix knee joint can significantly improve knee hyperextension in patients with stroke, so as to improve the walking ability and activities of daily living.

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of high-dose strictosamide injection on cardiovascular sys-tem of anesthetized beagle dogs and to examine the inhibition of strictosamide on ion channels in vitro. Indexes such as changes of systolic blood pressure (Sys), diastolic blood pressure (Dia), mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR), PR, QRS, QT, QTcb and QTcv at different time points before and after strictosamide injection in dogs were monitored by the polygraph system. The inhibition of strictosamide at different concentrations on hERG potassium channel in CHO-hERG cells and Nav1.5 sodium channel in HEK-293-Nav1.5 cells were measured by whole-cell patch-clamp method. The results showed that compared with the blank control group, Sys, Dia, MBP and HR were obviously declined 15 min after medication in the strictosamide (60, 18 mg·kg-1) group and the vehicle-control group (containing tween-80) (P < 0.05). After medication, all indexes were recovered. Compared to the vehicle-control group, there were no significant differences at different time points in each medication groups. Compared with the blank control group and before medication, the QT interval, QTcb and QTcv were significantly prolonged 15 min af-ter medication in the strictosamide (60, 18, 6 mg·kg-1) group and the vehicle-control group (P< 0.05). When medi-cation stopped, indexes were recovered at certain level. Compared with the vehicle-control group, there were no sig-nificant differences of QT interval, QTcb and QTcv of each medication group at different time points (P> 0.05). The inhibition of strictosamide on hERG potassium channel and Nav1.5 sodium channel were weak with IC50 values of 560.8 μM and > 900 μM, respectively, which were far greater than the positive controls. It was concluded that sin-gle, high-dose intravenous injection of strictosamide may lead to a lower blood pressure, a slower heart rate and a prolongation on the QT interval in beagle dogs, which returned to basal levels when medication stopped. It was spec-ulated that the reduction of blood pressure and the slowing of heart rate were related to tween-80 contained in the vehicle control group. No significant inhibitory effects were detected on hERG potassium channel and Nav1.5 sodium channel in vitro, which suggested that other mechanisms may be involved in strictosamide-induced QT interval pro-longation in animals.

Objective To investigate the biological effects of 125I seeds and 60Co γ-rays on the non-small cell lung cancer cells A549 and the normal bronchial epithelium cells BEAS-2B.Methods A549 and BEAS-2B cells were irradiated with 125I seeds and 60Co γ-rays.The survival fraction was detected by colony formation assay.The cell cycle and cell apoptotic ratio were detected by flow cytometry.The expression of cell apoptotic related proteins was examined by western blot.Results After irradiation with different doses,the survival of A549 cells irradiated with 125I seeds was lower than that irradiated with γ-rays (t =6.06,9.42,4.90,P ＜0.05).After irradiation with 4 Gy of 125I seeds and 60Co γ-rays,the G1 phase percentages of A549 cells were 70.67％ ± 1.49％ and 59.59％ ± 0.71％ (t =10.77,P ＜ 0.05),and the apoptotic ratios of A549 cells were 18.09％ ±0.73％ and 9.81％ ±0.16％ (t =19.40,P＜ 0.05),respectively.125I seeds irradiation remarkably up-regulated the expressions of Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 proteins,down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 proteins compared with 60Co γ-rays irradiation on A549 cells.However,the apoptotic ratio and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins in BEAS-2B cells had little difference between two types of radiation.Conclusions The anti-proliferative effect of 125I seeds irradiation on A549 cell is more remarkably than that of 60Co γ-rays.The imbalance of Bcl-2/Bax ratio and the eventually activation of Caspase-3 proteins may play an important role in the anti-proliferative effect induced by the continuous low dose radiation of 125I-seeds.

Objective To establish a porcine allogeneic left lung orthotopic transplantation model to closely simu-late human lung transplantation.Methods Twelve Huanjiang mini-pigs were used as donors and 12 Bama mini-pigs as recipients.The left lung orthotopic transplantation was completed by the left fourth intercostal thoracotomy.At 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 12 h after transplantation, the left and right pulmonary artery pressure were measured, the left and right pulmonary vein blood gas was analyzed, and samples of the left and right lung tissues were taken to determine the water content and for pathological examination.Results All animals survived, and the transplanted pulmonary vein blood PaO2/FiO2 and PAP were rised along with the prolonged postoperative time, compared with those of the recipient normal lung showing a signifi-cant difference (P<0.05).With the pass of time, there were increasing edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, RBC ooze, thickening of alveolar wall in the transplanted lung tissue, and some alveolar lumen occlusion and lung tissue consolidation. The water content of the transplanted lung tissue was increased significantly compared with that in the recipient lung tissue ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusions The established method in this study provides an ideal animal model for research on lung transplantation ischemia-reperfusion injury and immune rejection mechanism.

Objective To investigate the effect of maternal age,gestational weeks,numbers of previous spontaneous abortion and embryo gender on chromosomal abnormalities.Methods Bacs on Beads (BoBs) technology was used to detect the chromosome aneuploidy of 245 pregnant women with spontaneous abortion or stillbirth in Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 and to analyze the types of their chromosome abnormalities.Comparative analysis between different groups was carried out using Chi-square test.Results Karyotypes of all cases (n=245) were obtained using BoBs.Among them,113 had chromosome abnormalities (46.1％),including 66 autosomal aneuploidy (58.4％),26 sex chromosome aneuploidy (23.0％),seven autosomal partial trisomy (6.2％),five autosomal partial monomer (4.4％),seven triploid (6.2％),one complex triploid (0.9％) and one double trisomy (0.9％).Pregnant women aged over 35 had a higher incidence of chromosome abnormality than those under 35 [61.0％ (36/59) vs 41.4％ (77/186),x2=8.003,P＜0.05].The incidence of chromosome abnormality of women aborted in the first-trimester was also higher than those aborted in the second-trimester [48.5％ (99/204) vs 34.2％ (14/41),x2=4.634,P＜0.05].Moreover,male embryos were more likely to have chromosome abnormality than female ones [57.6％ (49/85) vs 40.0％(64/160),x2=6.483,P＜0.05)].However,there was no significant difference between gravidas with different times of spontaneous abortion (0,1 or ≥ 2,P＞0.05).Conclusions Chromosome abnormality is a major cause of spontaneous abortion,particularly in embryos with chromosome aneuploidy,partial trisomy,partial monomer and triploid.Advanced maternal age may increase the risk of chromosome abnormalities in pregnancies complicated with spontaneous abortion or stillbirth.

Objective　To observe the growth-associated protein-43(GAP-43),synaptophysin (SYN) and postsynaptic density 95（PSD95） in the amygdala of rats with epilepsy-associated depression (EAD),and to explore the role of these three synaptic-related proteins in the pathogenesis of EAD.Methods　Healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into comorbidity group,epilepsy group,depression group and normal group.The lithium chloride-pilocarpine method was used to establish the epilepsy model.The epilepsy model was screened for depression 14 days after the model was established.The rats with epilepsy and depression were the comorbid group;the rats without depression were the epilepsy group.The chronic depression model was established in the depression group by chronic unpredictable moderate stress stimulation combined with orphan method.The normal group is healthy SD rats.On the 29th day (4 weeks later) after the successful modeling,the brain was taken out by intravital perfusion and fixation in vivo,and the amygdala was separated from the brain tissue.The immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of GAP43,PSD95 and SYN protein in the amygdala of rats in each group.Results　Compared with the control groups,the number of GAP-43 and PSD95 immunohistochemical positive cells in the comorbid group was the least,and the normal control group was the most (P<0.05).There was no statistical significance in the other groups (P>0.05).Compared with the epilepsy group and the normal group,the SYN immunohistochemical positive cell expression in the comorbid group and depression group was reduced (P<0.05).The epilepsy group was more than that of the depression group,and less than that of the normal group (P<0.05).Conclusion　The decreased expression of GAP-43,SYN,and PSD95 in the amygdala of epileptic rats with depression may be related to the onset of depression in epilepsy rats.

Objective:To study the safety and efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cardia cancer (EGCC) in elderly patients.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on data of 499 EGCC patients who underwent ESD from January 2011 to June 2018 in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. The patients were divided into two groups by age, the young/middle-aged group (<65 years old) and the elderly group (≥65 years old). The baseline data, lesion features, postoperative complications, short-term efficacy and long-term efficacy of the two groups were compared.Results:The elderly group included 272 patients (283 lesions) and the young/middle-aged group included 227 patients (229 lesions). Except that there were significant differences in the age ( P<0.001) and body mass index ( P=0.002) between the elderly group and the young/middle-aged group, there were no significant differences in the baseline data or pathological features between the two groups. The rate of curative resection in the elderly group was 77.0%, lower than that in the young/middle-aged group (84.3%, P=0.045). No significant differences were found in en bloc resection rate (100.0% VS 99.6%, P=1.000), complete resection rate (94.7% VS 93.9%, P=0.705), postoperative complications incidence (6.4% VS 5.7%, P=0.747), operation time (64.02±39.24 min VS 66.16±44.62 min, P=0.566) or hospitalization time (6.76±2.06 d VS 6.47±1.74 d, P=0.092]. After the median follow-up of 47.9 months, 13.4% patients in the elderly group received additional surgery, which was slightly lower than that in the young/middle-aged group ( P=0.891). There were no significant differences in postoperative recurrence, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, overall mortality and disease-related mortality between the two groups. The survival analysis showed that five-year overall survival rates were 94.41% and 96.34% in the elderly group and the young/middle-aged group respectively ( P=0.156), and five-year disease-specific survival rate were 99.18% and 99.03% in the two groups respectively ( P=0.858). Conclusion:ESD is safe and effective for EGCC in elderly patients with satisfactory short-term and long-term efficacy.